Summary
The aim of this work was to analyse the influence of defatted almond flour on soya bean‐based gluten‐free pasta. Optimal cooking time of pasta varied between 2.0 and 3.5 min, while cooking ...loss ranged 6.1% and 19.7%. The total protein content of samples varied from 30.4% to 41.0% (dry basis, db) in cooked pasta. The total phenols content of cooked samples varied between 1.66 and 2.99 mg ellagic acid equivalent/g, while the antioxidant activity (DPPH•) ranged between 19.1% and 41.9%. The sensory test showed no significant differences between the formulated pasta samples among brightness (3.20–3.27), surface appearance (1.14–1.20), hardness (2.14–2.36) and elasticity (1.56–1.71). Pasta developed is an innovative product that improves nutritional and functional properties of gluten‐free pasta compared to gluten‐free and traditional wheat flour pasta available on market.
Gluten free fresh pasta based on defatted almond flour.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Sesame seeds have economic interest owing to their oil content (45%–60%, dry basis). A multilevel factorial design was created in order to analyze the effects of air temperature (120, 150, and 180°C) ...and roasting time (20, 25, and 30 min) in a laboratory‐scale fluidized‐bed dryer. All treatments showed oil recovery values higher than 70%, except for roasting at 180°C for 25 and 30 min. The roasting treatment at 180°C for 20 min yielded oils with the best sensory properties and with acceptable values for chemical quality parameters: acid value (1.82 mg KOH/g oil), peroxides (not detected), oxidative stability index (11.58 hr), and antioxidants' content (total tocopherols: 410 ppm; total lignans: 9.54 g/kg oil). The combination of the seeds' roasting by fluidized‐bed drying and oil extraction by screw‐pressing, allowed obtaining high oil recoveries and products with high oxidative stability and sensory acceptability.
Practical applications
Sesame oil is popular among healthy‐food consumers given its bioactive components, mainly tocopherols and lignans, which confer a relatively high oxidative stability. Sesame seeds are roasted to change their microstructure for oil accumulation, to intensify flavor, and to increase the levels of antioxidants in the oil. Regarding the production of high‐quality roasted oil, the roasting of sesame seeds in fluidized‐bed dryers and the subsequent oil extraction in screw‐presses have never been reported together. High oil recoveries and roasted sesame oils with a healthy physico‐chemical composition, great oxidative stability, and sensory acceptability would be achieved by the oilseed industry through the use of two widely known technologies. First, fluidized‐bed drying offers a high degree of mixing, and uniform heat and mass transfer over conventional direct heating methods for seed roasting. Second, screw‐pressing of roasted seeds represents a green alternative to solvent extraction, mainly for specialty oils, because only mechanical power input is necessary to expel the oil.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary
The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of non‐traditional and highly available and nutrient‐dense ingredients in the production of value‐added crackers. The crackers were prepared by ...combining partially defatted chia flour, wheat germ, quinoa, and oat. The antioxidant activity and the polyphenol content were 7.0–8.4 times higher in crackers produced with non‐traditional ingredients compared to the control snack. The hydroperoxide value indicated a low oxidative deterioration of the oil. The sample with 10% of partially defatted chia flour was selected for shelf‐life test under storage conditions and sensory evaluation. Modified atmosphere exerted a protective effect on the lipid stability regardless of the incorporation of BHT to the formulation. All the evaluated attributes scored highly during consumer acceptance. The formulated cracker presented a relevant content of protein, dietary fibre and omega‐3 and ‐6 fatty acids. Based on these results, the crackers containing non‐traditional ingredients resulted in a product with a good potential for both consumer acceptance and outstanding nutritional benefits.
Effects of non‐traditional ingredients on snack crackers.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Free-of-charge metacomputing aims at integrating surplus computing resources and utilizing their inter-connected computing power to fulfil computational demands at virtually no cost. The existing ...efforts on free-of-charge metacomputing can be observed in grid computing, parasitic computing and volunteer computing. As extensively discussed in the literature, these three metacomputing forms all have their respective challenges and shortcomings, ranging from sophisticated enabling technologies to possible frequent interruptions, not to mention the potential ethical and legal issues in parasitic computing. Based on our observation on the growing marketing strategy of offering cloud service samples (free quotas), we argue that it is also possible to follow a metacomputing approach to take advantage of free resources in the public cloud market. By applying this idea to our educational work, we gradually developed an implementation framework to facilitate exploiting free quotas of cloud user accounts. The relatively unique features and characteristics of cloud resource exploitation eventually turn our effort into a distinctive metacomputing form, and we name it bonus computing. Guided by the implementation framework, we initially verified bonus computing’s effectiveness and efficiency by implementing a proof-of-concept (PoC) system over multiple cloud vendors. Then, we justified bonus computing’s applicability by extending the PoC system to a Monte Carlo solution to a real-world problem in Astronomy. Based on our existing practices and the recent SLURM cluster experiments, we have tried to comprehensively analyze bonus computing’s advantages and disadvantages against the other comparable metacomputing forms, which in turn strengthens our confidence in this work’s contribution especially to the educational community.
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CEKLJ, DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
La separación de poderes es uno de los grandes mecanismos para lograr la limitación del poder buscado por el liberalismo político. Su objetivo de evitar el despotismo y garantizar la libertad de los ...individuos no ha cambiado con el paso de los años, pero la forma de entender al poder político y sus técnicas de organización sí, por lo que la teoría, estructura y manifestación de la separación de poderes también ha sufrido modificaciones, al grado de plantearse incluso su superación por autores como Karl Loewenstein. Tomando como guía la tesis de Michel Troper sobre la polisemia de este concepto, este trabajo explorará los seis distintos sentidos de la locución, nutriéndolos con los trabajos de algunos autores clásicos y contemporáneos, y sugiriendo que cada concepto en realidad representa una nueva etapa evolutiva. Posteriormente, el trabajo expone la teoría del control del poder –expuesta por el propio Loewenstein y Diego Valadés, entre otros autores– como una alternativa o una conceptualización más acabada de estas ideas. Este siguiente paso evolutivo tiene implicaciones importantes debido a los constantes cambios institucionales y constitucionales de todos los países, ya que estas modificaciones no deben realizarse con el “enfoque del mejor sistema”, sino para resolver los problemas específicos de cada contexto, siempre tomando en consideración que al final lo que importa en el Estado Constitucional de Derecho es lograr un efectivo control del poder.
Background: All body systems involved in ensuring a healthy posture (musculoskeletal system, oculomotor, oto-vestibular and occluso-cranial-mandibular) are essential in maintaining postural balance. ...Research Question: Does experimental malocclusion in subjects in static position determine variations in plantar pressure? Methods: Overall, 31 subjects were included in the study. The plantar pressure was evaluated in five different points: lateral and medial heel, midfoot, 1st and 5th metatarsal area. Using a specially designed splint, an artificial malocclusion was induced on the right hemimandibular arch. The pressure was measured at 0 (T0), 15 (T1) and 30 min (T2) after splint application. Results: The right external plantar sensors recorded statistically significant differences in pressure values after 15 min of splint wear (5th metatarsal area, p = 0.05; midfoot, p = 0.04). Important pressure values were also recorded by the left internal plantar sensors (1st metatarsal, p = 0.01; medial heel, p = 0.006), after 30 min of splint wear. Conclusions: Asymmetrical experimental malocclusion produces early changes in plantar pressure, a proof of compensatory mechanisms induced by secondary postural imbalance.
Objetivo. Determinar la forma en que los países del Mercosur acceden, regulan y financian los medicamentos de alto costo (MAC) y proponer estrategias de selección y financiación conjunta a nivel ...sub-regional. Métodos. Diseño cualitativo, utilizando análisis de contenido de fuentes primarias y secundarias, revisiones documentales, entrevistas, grupos focales y análisis de casos Las variables seleccionadas incluyeron: criterios de selección, acceso, financiación y regulación en los distintos países. Los MAC se clasificaron en aquellos que no modifican el curso natural de la enfermedad y aquellos que tiene eficacia demostrada, utilizando la dosis diaria definida para comparar los costos entre tratamientos clásicos y los realizados con MAC. Resultados. Los países del Mercosur carecen en su gran mayoría de estrategias formales para enfrentar las demandas de MAC, y gobiernos y aseguradoras terminan por financiarlos por vía judicial. Los análisis de casos muestran que existen MAC sin eficacia comprobada que igualmente generan demanda. Las compras atomizadas, los compromisos internacionales respecto a propiedad intelectual y el bajo poder de negociación incrementan los precios de MAC exponencialmente, poniendo en riesgo la economía de los sistemas sanitarios. Conclusiones. Los MAC deben ser regulados y seleccionados racionalmente permitiendo que solo aquellos que beneficien sustantivamente a la población sean aceptados. Para financiar los MAC así seleccionados se requieren estrategias comunes entre países que incluyan opciones tales como flexibilidades de acuerdos comerciales, creación de fondos nacionales de recursos o compra conjunta entre países para potenciar su poder de negociación. Palabras clave Derecho a la salud; preparaciones farmacéuticas; salud mundial; costa en drogas; economía de la salud; propiedad intelectual. Objective. Determine how the Mercosur countries access, regulate, and finance costly drugs and propose joint selection and financing strategies at the subregional level. Methods. Qualitative design, using content analyses of primary and secondary sources, document reviews, interviews, focus groups, and case studies. The variables selected included: selection criteria, access, financing, and regulations in the various countries. Costly drugs were divided into those that do not alter the natural course of the disease and those with demonstrated efficacy, using the defined daily dose to compare the costs of classical treatments and those involving costly drugs. Results. The Mercosur countries generally lack formal strategies for dealing with the demand for costly drugs, and governments and insurers wind up financing them by court order. The case studies show that there are costly drugs whose efficacy has not been established but that nonetheless generate demand. The fragmentation of procurement, international commitments with regard to intellectual property, and low negotiating power exponentially increase the price of costly drugs, putting health system finances in jeopardy. Conclusions. Costly drugs must be regulated and rationally selected so that only those that substantively benefit people are accepted. To finance the drugs so selected, common country strategies are needed that include such options as flexible in trade agreements, the creation of national resource funds, or joint procurement by countries to enhance their negotiating power. Key words Right to health; pharmaceutical preparations; world health; drug costs; health economics; intellectual property.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
El interés del estudio se centra en los procesos políticos mediante los cuales actores de diverso origen organizacional y político buscan influir en la instrumentación de una reforma constitucional ...en el ámbito laboral en México. Más que un estudio sobre la relativa influencia de algunos actores en la arena política del país, o sobre cuáles son los procesos legislativos reales mediante los cuales se lleva a cabo dicha reforma, el interés del estudio es sociológico, por lo que se centra en resaltar el papel que juegan las interpretaciones de los actores participantes en el proceso de elaboración de la reforma. A partir de esta mirada interpretativa, se buscará especificar cómo estos actores:1. Se definen a sí mismos como una parte interesada en la reforma;2. Consideran necesaria la “proyección” de su existencia, objetivos y propuestas ante la opinión pública, por lo que buscan su visibilización y participación en el debate sobre la reforma, y definen los medios aptos para lograrlo;3. Construyen una definición de la situación en función de la cual: a) expresan la problemática que buscan resolver con su participación en la reforma; b) identifican quiénes son las “contrapartes”; c) puntualizan cuáles son sus objetivos; y d) manifiestan qué principios y prácticas están en riesgo con el proyecto de reforma tal como ellos lo conciben;4. Definen, en función de esta lectura, las estrategias para influir en el proceso legislativo, atribuyendo alternativamente al Estado un papel de mediador, facilitador o contraparte.El objetivo del trabajo es examinar hasta qué punto las diversas narrativas expresadas por los actores que participan en una reforma constitucional permiten dilucidar la manera en que las normas asociadas con su membresía en diversos organismos influyen en la manera en que se desarrollan las discusiones sobre la reforma. El estudio se propone ilustrar, a partir del análisis de este proceso, las actuales prácticas políticas mexicanas, y su incidencia en el ejercicio de la democracia.
Determine how the Mercosur countries access, regulate, and finance costly drugs and propose joint selection and financing strategies at the subregional level.
Qualitative design, using content ...analyses of primary and secondary sources, document reviews, interviews, focus groups, and case studies. The variables selected included: selection criteria, access, financing, and regulations in the various countries. Costly drugs were divided into those that do not alter the natural course of the disease and those with demonstrated efficacy, using the defined daily dose to compare the costs of classical treatments and those involving costly drugs.
The Mercosur countries generally lack formal strategies for dealing with the demand for costly drugs, and governments and insurers wind up financing them by court order. The case studies show that there are costly drugs whose efficacy has not been established but that nonetheless generate demand. The fragmentation of procurement, international commitments with regard to intellectual property, and low negotiating power exponentially increase the price of costly drugs, putting health system finances in jeopardy.
Costly drugs must be regulated and rationally selected so that only those that substantively benefit people are accepted. To finance the drugs so selected, common country strategies are needed that include such options as flexible in trade agreements, the creation of national resource funds, or joint procurement by countries to enhance their negotiating power.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
El fracaso escolar es una tendencia generalizada a nivel de secundaria, tanto en colegios públicos como en privados; a pesar de los esfuerzos que realizan los docentes en la aplicación de diferentes ...estrategias, los estudiantes no logran adquirir las destrezas y habilidades propias de cada curso, son muchas las frases que se escuchan frente a esto: es muy difícil ; no entiendo ; no le entiendo al profesor ; no me gusta la matemática y son muchas también las frases de los docentes: es que los jóvenes no estudian ; es que no ponen cuidado ; es que no tiene interés ; les falta responsabilidad y dedicación . En fin, cada uno tiene sus argumentos pero, ¿Cuál es la razón real que no permite a docentes y estudiantes lograr hacer de la matemática una herramienta práctica y necesaria en muchos de los procesos científicos y de las actividades cotidianas?
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