Spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymis of wild ruminants are more cryoresistant than ejaculated spermatozoa. Changes in the membrane location of aquaporins (AQPs) follow the osmotic changes ...that occur during freeze-thawing, and might influence the cryosurvival of spermatozoa depending on their source. This work reports the location of AQP3, AQP7 and AQP10 in the cauda epididymal and post-ejaculation spermatozoa of three wild mountain ungulate species (Iberian ibex, mouflon, and chamois), as determined by Western blotting (WB) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) using commercial rabbit polyclonal primary antibodies. WB confirmed the presence of all three AQPs in the spermatozoa of all the studied species, while ICC showed AQP3 to be mainly located in the sperm acrosome, mid-piece, principal piece, and end piece, both in cauda epididymal and ejaculated cells. The percentage of ejaculated spermatozoa showing AQP3 in the principal piece was higher in the ibex than in the chamois (P < 0.05), and higher in epididymal spermatozoa in the mouflon than in the chamois (P < 0.05). AQP7 was located in the acrosome of both epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa, as well as in the cytoplasmic droplet of the epididymal spermatozoa of all three species. No differences were seen between the species with respect to the percentage of spermatozoa showing AQP7. AQP10 was located mainly in the mid-piece, principal piece and end piece of the sperm tail in both epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa. The percentage of mouflon spermatozoa with AQP10 in the end piece was higher in the cauda epididymal than in the ejaculated spermatozoa (P < 0.05). In conclusion, except for AQP10 in the mouflon, the locations of the studied AQPs are similar in epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa, with inter-species differences seen only for AQP3. Further studies are needed to determine what this might mean with respect to sperm cryopreservation.
•Mouflon spermatozoa depicting AQP10 in the end-piece were higher in epididymal than in ejaculated sperm.•Sample´s origin (epididymis/ejaculate) has no influence on AQPs location except for AQP10 in mouflon•Inter-species differences in AQPs location are seen only for AQP3.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The tragic murder of Mr. George Floyd brought to the head long-standing issues of racial justice and equity in the United States and beyond. This prompted many institutions of higher education, ...including professional organizations and societies, to engage in long-overdue conversations about the role of scientific institutions in perpetuating racism. Similar to many professional societies and organizations, the Society for the Advancement of Biology Education Research (SABER), a leading international professional organization for discipline-based biology education researchers, has long struggled with a lack of representation of People of Color (POC) at all levels within the organization. The events surrounding Mr. Floyd’s death prompted the members of SABER to engage in conversations to promote self-reflection and discussion on how the society could become more antiracist and inclusive. These, in turn, resulted in several initiatives that led to concrete actions to support POC, increase their representation, and amplify their voices within SABER. These initiatives included: a self-study of SABER to determine challenges and identify ways to address them, a year-long seminar series focused on issues of social justice and inclusion, a special interest group to provide networking opportunities for POC and to center their voices, and an increase in the diversity of keynote speakers and seminar topics at SABER conferences. In this article, we chronicle the journey of SABER in its efforts to become more inclusive and antiracist. We are interested in increasing POC representation within our community and seek to bring our resources and scholarship to reimagine professional societies as catalyst agents towards an equitable antiracist experience. Specifically, we describe the 12 concrete actions that SABER enacted over a period of a year and the results from these actions so far. In addition, we discuss remaining challenges and future steps to continue to build a more welcoming, inclusive, and equitable space for all biology education researchers, especially our POC members. Ultimately, we hope that the steps undertaken by SABER will enable many more professional societies to embark on their reflection journeys to further broaden scientific communities.
Zika and Aedes aegypti: new and old challenges Bueno, Flávia Thedim Costa; García, Mónica; Moya, José ...
História, ciências, saúde--Manguinhos,
2017 Oct-Dec, 20171001, Volume:
24, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Infection with the zika virus had a great impact not only on pregnant women and newborns, but also on public health, on popular ideas about Aedes aegypti and with respect to women's social rights. ...The objective of this paper is to identify this impact and the historical, social and health changes of the disease and the legacy of the zika virus. Interventions by researchers from different specialties foster conditions for more comprehensive investigations into future epidemic threats in Brazil and Latin America. This dialogue took place after the seminar "Aedes aegypti: past and future health emergencies," organized by the Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, when we talked with some speakers and other leading researchers about the history and challenges of Aedes aegypti and zika.
Zika e Aedes aegypti: antigos e novos desafios Bueno, Flávia Thedim Costa; García, Mónica; Moya, José ...
História, ciências, saúde--Manguinhos,
10/2017, Volume:
24, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Resumo: A infecção por zika teve grande impacto não somente nas grávidas e nos recém-nascidos, mas também na saúde pública, nas ideias populares sobre o Aedes aegypti e no respeito dos direitos ...sociais das mulheres. O objetivo deste texto é identificar esse impacto e as mudanças históricas, sociais e sanitárias da doença e o legado do vírus zika. As intervenções de pesquisadores de diferentes disciplinas propiciam condições para investigações mais abrangentes sobre futuras ameaças epidêmicas no Brasil e na América Latina. Este diálogo ocorreu após o seminário “Aedes aegypti: antigas e novas emergências sanitárias”, organizado pela Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, quando conversamos com alguns palestrantes e outros destacados pesquisadores sobre a história e os desafios do Aedes aegypti e do zika.
Zika e Aedes aegypti: antigos e novos desafios Bueno, Flávia Thedim Costa; García, Mónica; Moya, José ...
História, ciências, saúde--Manguinhos,
10/2017, Volume:
24, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Resumo: A infecção por zika teve grande impacto não somente nas grávidas e nos recém-nascidos, mas também na saúde pública, nas ideias populares sobre o Aedes aegypti e no respeito dos direitos ...sociais das mulheres. O objetivo deste texto é identificar esse impacto e as mudanças históricas, sociais e sanitárias da doença e o legado do vírus zika. As intervenções de pesquisadores de diferentes disciplinas propiciam condições para investigações mais abrangentes sobre futuras ameaças epidêmicas no Brasil e na América Latina. Este diálogo ocorreu após o seminário “Aedes aegypti: antigas e novas emergências sanitárias”, organizado pela Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, quando conversamos com alguns palestrantes e outros destacados pesquisadores sobre a história e os desafios do Aedes aegypti e do zika.
Abstract: Infection with the zika virus had a great impact not only on pregnant women and newborns, but also on public health, on popular ideas about Aedes aegypti and with respect to women’s social rights. The objective of this paper is to identify this impact and the historical, social and health changes of the disease and the legacy of the zika virus. Interventions by researchers from different specialties foster conditions for more comprehensive investigations into future epidemic threats in Brazil and Latin America. This dialogue took place after the seminar “Aedes aegypti: past and future health emergencies,” organized by the Casa de Oswaldo Cruz, when we talked with some speakers and other leading researchers about the history and challenges of Aedes aegypti and zika.
AIM:To report experience with liver resection in a select group of patients with postoperative biliary stricture associated with vascular injury.METHODS:From a prospective database of patients ...treated for benign biliary strictures at our hospital,cases that underwent liver resections were reviewed.All cases were referred after one or more attempts to repair bile duct injuries following cholecystectomy(open or laparoscopic).Liver resection was indicated in patients with Strasberg E3/E4(hilar stricture)bile duct lesions associated with vascular damage(arterial and/or portal),ipsilateral liver atrophy/abscess,recurrent attacks of cholangitis,and failure of previous hepaticojejunostomy.RESULTS:Of 148 patients treated for benign biliary strictures,nine(6.1%)underwent liver resection;eight women and one man with a mean age of 38.6 years.Six patients had previously been submitted to open cholecystectomy and three to laparoscopic surgery.The mean number of surgical procedures before definitive treatment was 2.4.All patients had Strasberg E3/E4injuries,and vascular injury was present in all cases.Eight patients underwent right hepatectomy and one underwent left lateral sectionectomy without mortality.Mean time of follow up was 69.1 mo and after longterm follow up,eight patients are asymptomatic.CONCLUSION:Liver resection is a good therapeutic option for patients with complex postoperative biliary stricture and vascular injury presenting with liver atrophy/abscess in which previous hepaticojejunostomy has failed.
Functional neuroimaging studies have consistently shown abnormal limbic activation patterns in socially anxious individuals, but structural data on the amygdala and hippocampus of these patients are ...scarce. This study explored the existence of structural differences in the whole brain, amygdala, and hippocampus of subjects with clinical and subthreshold social anxiety compared to healthy controls. We hypothesized that there would be volumetric differences across groups, without predicting their direction (i.e. enlargement or reduction).
Subjects classified as having social anxiety disorder (n = 12), subthreshold social anxiety (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 14) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. The amygdala and hippocampus were defined a priori as regions of interest and volumes were calculated by manual tracing. Whole brain volume was calculated using voxel-based morphometry.
The bilateral amygdala and left hippocampus were enlarged in socially anxious individuals relative to controls. The volume of the right hippocampus was enlarged in subthreshold social anxiety participants relative to controls. No differences were found across groups in respect to total brain volume.
Our results show amygdalar and hippocampal volume alterations in social anxiety, possibly associated with symptom severity. The time course of such alterations and the cellular and molecular bases of limbic plasticity in social anxiety should be further investigated.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective
The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis (NCC) remains problematic because of the heterogeneity of its clinical, immunological, and imaging characteristics. Our aim was to develop and assess a ...new set of diagnostic criteria for NCC, which might allow for the accurate detection of, and differentiation between, parenchymal and extraparenchymal disease.
Methods
A group of Latin American NCC experts developed by consensus a new set of diagnostic criteria for NCC. A multicenter, retrospective study was then conducted to validate it. The reference standard for diagnosis of active NCC was the disappearance or reduction of cysts after anthelmintic treatment. In total, three pairs of independent neurologists blinded to the diagnosis evaluated 93 cases (with NCC) and 93 controls (without NCC) using the new diagnostic criteria. Mixed‐effects logistic regression models were used to estimate sensitivity and specificity.
Results
Inter‐rater reliability (kappa) of diagnosis among evaluators was 0.60. For diagnosis of NCC versus no NCC, the new criteria had a sensitivity of 93.2% and specificity of 81.4%. For parenchymal NCC, the new criteria had a sensitivity of 89.8% and specificity of 80.7% and for extraparenchymal NCC, the new criteria had a sensitivity of 65.9% and specificity of 94.9%.
Interpretation
These criteria have acceptable reliability and validity and could be a new tool for clinicians and researchers. An advantage of the new criteria is that they consider parasite location (ie, parenchymal or extraparenchymal), which is an important factor determining the clinical, immunological, and radiological presentation of the disease, and importantly, its treatment and prognosis. Ann Neurol 2016;80:434–442
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The management of modern network environments is becoming more and more complex due to new requirements of devices' heterogeneity regarding the popularization of the Internet of Things (IoT), as well ...as the dynamic traffic required by next-generation applications and services. To address this problem, Software-defined Networking (SDN) emerges as a management paradigm able to handle these problems through a centralized high-level network approach. However, this centralized characteristic also creates a critical failure spot since the central controller may be targeted by malicious users aiming to impair the network operation. This paper proposes an SDN defense system based on the analysis of single IP flow records, which uses the Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) deep learning method to detect DDoS and intrusion attacks. This direct flow inspection enables faster mitigation responses, minimizing the attack's impact over the SDN. The proposed model is tested against several different machine learning approaches over two public datasets, the CICDDoS 2019 and the CICIDS 2018. Furthermore, a lightweight mitigation approach is presented and evaluated through performance tests regarding each detection method. Finally, a feasibility test is performed regarding the throughput of flows per second that each detection method can analyze. This test is accomplished through the use of real IP Flow data collected at a large-scale network. The results point out promising detection rates and an elevated amount of analyzed flows per second, which makes GRU a feasible approach for the proposed system.
Overall operation of the proposed SDN security system, which aims to protect its central controller against intrusion and DDoS attacks through individual IP flow analysis. Display omitted
•This paper introduces a system for SDN's defense against intrusion and DDoS attacks.•We propose an anomaly detection scheme based on isolated flow analysis using GRU.•We present an efficiency evaluation of distinct detection techniques applied to SDNs.•We used public datasets for performance analysis, which enable results' replication.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
