Multitasking while driving negatively affects driving performance and threatens people’s lives every day. Moreover, technology-based distractions are among the top driving distractions that are ...proven to divert the driver’s attention away from the road and compromise their safety. This study employs recent data on road traffic accidents that occurred in Spain and uses a machine-learning algorithm to analyze, in the first place, the influence of technology-based distracted driving on drivers’ infractions considering the gender and age of the drivers and the zone and the type of vehicle. It assesses, in the second place, the impact of drivers’ infractions on the severity of traffic accidents. Findings show that (i) technology-based distractions are likely to increase the probability of committing aberrant infractions and speed infractions; (ii) technology-based distracted young drivers are more likely to speed and commit aberrant infractions; (iii) distracted motorcycles and squad riders are found more likely to speed; (iv) the probability of committing infractions by distracted drivers increases on streets and highways; and, finally, (v) drivers’ infractions lead to serious injuries.
Occupational stress is a common phenomenon in our society, and generates problems for both workers' health and the functioning of organizations. Over past decades numerous studies have examined ...occupational stress from the perspective of gender, offering somewhat contradictory results. Some of them found no differences and others indicated that either men or women suffer from greater amounts of occupational stress.
The purpose of this study was to analyze gender differences in stress in situations that involve certain occupational demands. The data used were taken from a random sample population of 11,054 (5,917 men and 5,137 women) from the VI National Survey on Working Conditions (NSWC) which was conducted in Spain in 2007. To carry out this study, a probabilistic model was constructed using Bayesian networks, with the following variables related to task demands: working with tight deadlines, quick work, intellectually demanding work, complicated tasks, repetitive tasks, excessive work, and work demanding high attention levels.
The results of this study reveal that: the indicators studied significantly increased stress levels; women initially had higher stress levels than men; and when exposed to determined task demands, stress differences between genders tended to increase.
Companies need to consider the gender of their workers when assigning tasks in high demand/stress jobs.
► Women display higher levels of stress than their male co-workers. ► Variables related to work task exacerbate symptoms of stress in both genders. ► Work-related mental fatigue from stress was more negative on women than on men.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Work stress increasingly affects many workers from different countries. Conditions such as high demand, low social support and low job control are considered predictors of increased stress. With data ...obtained from the V European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) a Bayesian network model was made. It provides information on the levels of stress in relation to model demand-control-social support (DCS), differentiating into work situations as they are, self-employed, private and public. To deepen understanding of the interrelationships between these variables sensitivity analysis of individual and overall were performed to check the DCS model assumptions. This model applied in the V EWCS identified the variations and similarities between different work situations, proving that having low levels of demand, together with control and high social support, the likelihood of stress decreases.
El estrés laboral afecta cada vez en mayor cantidad a trabajadores de diversos países. Condiciones como la alta demanda, bajo apoyo social y bajo control sobre el trabajo se consideran predictores ...del aumento de estrés. Con datos obtenidos de la V Encuesta Europea sobre Condiciones de trabajo (EWCS), se planteó un modelo de red bayesiana que proporciona información sobre los niveles de estrés en relación al modelo demanda-control-apoyo social (DCS), diferenciado en situaciones laborales como son, autónomo, privado y público. Para profundizar en las interrelaciones existentes entre dichas variables se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad individuales y en conjunto para comprobar las hipótesis del modelo DCS. Este modelo aplicado en la V EWCS permitió identificar las variaciones y similitudes entre las diferentes situaciones laborales, comprobando que al tener niveles bajos de demanda, en conjunto con control y apoyo social alto, la probabilidad de sufrir estrés disminuye.
Work stress increasingly affects many workers from different countries. Conditions such as high demand, low social support and low job control are considered predictors of increased stress. With data ...obtained from the V European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) a Bayesian network model was made. It provides information on the levels of stress in relation to model demand-control-social support (DCS), differentiating into work situations as they are, self-employed, private and public. To deepen understanding of the interrelationships between these variables sensitivity analysis of individual and overall were performed to check the DCS model assumptions. This model applied in the V EWCS identified the variations and similarities between different work situations, proving that having low levels of demand, together with control and high social support, the likelihood of stress decreases.
This editorial reviews the evolution of the concepts of safety and quality that have been used in the traditional workplace. The traditional programs of safety are explored showing strengths and ...weaknesses. The concept of quality management is also viewed. Safety management and quality management principles, stages, and measurement are highlighted. The concepts of quality and safety guarantee are assessed. Total Quality Management concepts are reviewed and applied to safety quality. Total safety management principles are discussed. Finally, an analysis of the relationship between quality and safety from data collected from a company in Spain is presented.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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