Every natural symbol - derived from blood, breath or excrement - carries a social meaning and this work focuses on the ways in which any one culture makes its selections from body symbolism. Each ...person treats their body as an image of society and the author examines the varieties of ritual and symbolic expression and the patterns of social ritual in which they are embodied.Natural Symbols is a book about religion and it concerns our own society at least as much as any other. It has stimulated new insights into religious and political movements and has provoked re-appraisals of current progressive orthodoxies in many fields. As a classic, it represents a work of anthropology in its widest sense, exploring themes such as the social meaning of natural symbols and the image of the body in society which are now very much in vogue in anthropology, sociology and cultural studies.In this reissue and with a new Introduction, Natural Symbols will continue to appeal to all students of anthropology, sociology and religion.
Examines how settler colonial and sexist infrastructures and narratives order a resource boom Over the past decade, new oil plays have unsettled U.S. energy landscapes and imaginaries. Settling the ...Boom studies how the disruptive forces of an oil boom in the northern Great Plains are contained through the extension of settler temporalities, reassertions of heteropatriarchy, and the tethering of life to the volatility of oil and its cruel optimisms. This collection reveals the results of sustained research in Williston, North Dakota, the epicenter of the “Bakken Boom.” While the boom brought a rapid influx of capital and workers, the book questions simple timelines of before and after. Instead, Settling the Boom demonstrates how the unsettling forces of an oil play resolve through normative narratives and material and affective infrastructures that support settler colonialism’s violent extension and its gendered orders of time and space. Considering a wide range of evidence, from urban and regional policy, interviews with city officials, media, photography, and film, these essays analyze the ongoing material, aesthetic, and narrative ways of life and land in the Bakken. Contributors: Morgan Adamson, Macalester College; Kai Bosworth, Virginia Commonwealth U; Thomas S. Davis, Ohio State U; Jessica Lehman, Durham U.
New industries sparked by technological change are characterized by high uncertainty. In this paper, we explore how a firm's conceptualization of products in this context, as reflected by product ...feature choices, is influenced by prior industry affiliation. We study digital cameras introduced from 1991-2006 by firms from three prior industries. We hypothesize and find that: (1) prior industry experience shapes a set of shared beliefs that results in similar and concurrent firm behavior; (2) firms notice and imitate the behaviors of firms from the same prior industry; and, (3) as firms gain experience with particular features, the influence of prior industry decreases. This study extends previous research on firm entry into new domains by examining heterogeneity in firms' framing and feature-level entry choices.
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Highlights • Healthy young men and women (in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle) completed the Trier Social Stress Test. • Post-stress hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis hormone ...responses were greater in men than women. • Pre-stress testosterone levels were negatively associated with post-stress salivary cortisol response in men. • Pre-stress progesterone levels were negatively associated with post-stress ACTH and serum cortisol responses in women. • Pre-stress progesterone in men and estradiol in women were not associated with post-stress HPA axis response.
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Cold war civil rights Dudziak, Mary L
2011., 20110711, 2011, 2011-07-11, Volume:
75
eBook
In 1958, an African-American handyman named Jimmy Wilson was sentenced to die in Alabama for stealing two dollars. Shocking as this sentence was, it was overturned only after intense international ...attention and the interference of an embarrassed John Foster Dulles. Soon after the United States' segregated military defeated a racist regime in World War II, American racism was a major concern of U.S. allies, a chief Soviet propaganda theme, and an obstacle to American Cold War goals throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Each lynching harmed foreign relations, and "the Negro problem" became a central issue in every administration from Truman to Johnson.
High school turf wars are often a teenage rite of passage, but there are extremes-as when a race riot at a Los Angeles campus in the spring of 2005 resulted in a police lockdown. In her fascinating ...book,Multicultural Girlhood, Mary Thomas interviewed 26 Latina, Armenian, Filipina, African-American, and Anglo girls at this high school to gauge their responses to the campus violence. They all denounced the outbreak, calling for multicultural understanding and peaceful coexistence.
However, as much as the girls want everyone to just "get along," they also exhibit strong racist beliefs and validate segregated social spaces on campus and beyond. How can teenagers and "girl power" work together to empower instead of alienate multicultural groups? In her perceptive book, Thomas foregrounds the spaces of teen girlhood and the role that space plays in girls' practices that perpetuate social difference, and she explains the ways we navigate the intellectual terrain between scholarship and school yard.
Recently nanocluster based drug delivery systems have become the most skillful to study. Interaction mechanism of duphaston (DPH) over graphene (G), carboxyl substituted graphene (COG) and doped ...COG-X (X = O/S/N/B) were investigated. We studied different spectroscopic properties of adsorbed DPH with nanoclusters. To study effect adsorption of DPH with nanoclusters, the adsorption energies were measured. To track DPH, surface enhanced Raman scattering is used since it is an efficient approach to vibrational spectroscopy. The DPH detection was investigated using GQDs SERS property. For the adsorption of DPH with COG-B nanocluster maximum energy interaction is determined. DPH works on the electrophilic site of nanoclusters as donor of electrons and adsorbs. Charge transfer is higher for to COG-B nanocluster than for other nanoclusters. Variations in chemical descriptors are also noted to understand sensing property of DPH molecule-nanoclusters. The analysis of different properties demonstrates enhancement effect which makes it significant in detecting DPH in other products.
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•Enhancement of Raman spectral wavenumbers•Nucleophilic and electrophilic sites are identified.•Enhancement of NLO properties•Variation of charges due to doping
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Aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of needle fear and summarize the characteristics of individuals who exhibit this fear.
Background
Injections are among the most common ...medical procedures, yet fear of needles can result in avoidance of preventive measures and treatment.
Design
Systematic review and meta‐analysis.
Data Sources
MEDLINE (1966–2017), Embase (1947–2017), PsycINFO (1967–2017), and CINAHL (1961–2017) were searched, with no restrictions by age, gender, race, language, or country.
Review Methods
The prevalence of needle fear was calculated and restricted maximum likelihood random effects models were used for meta‐analysis and meta‐regression.
Results
The search yielded 119 original research articles which are included in this review, of which 35 contained sufficient information for meta‐analysis. The majority of children exhibited needle fear, while prevalence estimates for needle fear ranged from 20‐50% in adolescents and 20–30% in young adults. In general, needle fear decreased with increasing age. Both needle fear and needle phobia were more prevalent in females than males. Avoidance of influenza vaccination because of needle fear occurred in 16% of adult patients, 27% of hospital employees, 18% of workers at long‐term care facilities, and 8% of healthcare workers at hospitals. Needle fear was common when undergoing venipuncture, blood donation, and in those with chronic conditions requiring injection.
Conclusions
Fear of needles is common in patients requiring preventive care and in those undergoing treatment. Greater attention should be directed to interventions which alleviate fear in high‐risk groups.
目的
本研究旨在评估针头恐惧的发生率,并总结出现这种恐惧的个体的特征。
背景
注射是最常见的医疗程序之一,但对针头的恐惧会导致患者拒绝预防处理和治疗。
设计
系统回顾与元分析。
数据来源
搜索MEDLINE(1966‐2017)、Embase(1947‐2017)、PsycINFO(1967‐2017)和护理学数据库(CINAHL)(1961‐2017),不限制年龄、性别、种族、语言或国家。
评价方法
计算针头恐惧的发生率,采用限制性最大似然随机效应模型进行元分析和元回归分析。
结果
此次审查中检索出119篇原创研究论文,其中35篇包含足够的元分析信息。大多数儿童表现出针头恐惧症,而针头恐惧症的患病率估计在青少年中为20‐50%,年轻人为20‐30%。一般而言,随着年龄的增长,针头恐惧感也降低。女性的针头恐惧感和打针恐惧症比男性更普遍。16%的成年患者、27%的医院工作人员、18%的长期护理机构工作人员和8%的医院医务人员因害怕针头而避免接种流感疫苗。在静脉穿刺、献血和需要注射治疗的慢性疾病患者中,针头恐惧是一种常见现象。
结论
对针的恐惧在需要预防护理的患者和正在接受治疗的患者中很常见。应更加注重采取干预措施,减轻高危人群的针头恐惧。
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