To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of ejaculatory duct obstruction in male infertility.
Twenty-four males were treated for ejaculatory duct obstruction between 1994 and 1998 in our clinic. ...Patients' age varied between 20 and 40 (mean=29). Ejaculatory duct obstruction was considered in patients with low to normal ejaculate volume, azoospermia or oligospermia, decreased motility, normal serum gonadotropin and testosterone levels, absent or low fructose in the ejaculate and evidence of obstruction on transrectal ultrasonography. The definitive diagnosis was made by the absence of efflux of methylene blue injected through the vas during cytoscopy. All the patients were subjected to transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts and spermograms before and 3 months after resection were compared.
Before transurethral resection mean sperm count was 1.66x10(6)/ml compared to 25.4x10(6)/ml postoperatively. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). After the operation, 58.3% of the cases had improvement in sperm motility, and 62.5% had increased ejaculate volume. No significant complications occurred, and in only 1 (4.17%) patient, there was persistent hematuria. After a mean follow-up period of 9 (6-18) months, 6 (25%) pregnancies were noted.
Although transurethral resection is an effective method for the treatment of ejaculatory duct obstruction, the pregnancy rate is low, which could be related to the hazardous effects of urinary reflux into ejaculatory ducts or functional abnormalities of seminal vesicles.
ABSTRACTOur study aims to determine the efficacy of infectious disease consultations and the interrelations between doctors in this social laboratory. This study was conducted at 34 centers located ...in 22 cities across Turkey and contributed by 210 infectious disease specialists (IDSs) and 970 non–infectious disease specialists (NIDSs), totaling 1180 medical doctors. Infectious disease specialists and NIDSs have separately contributed by responding to questionnaires designed specifically for the consultation process. It appears that a satisfactory collaboration has been established between IDSs and NIDSs during the consultation practices. There are some discrepancies in the perceptions of some of the NIDSs. These are the evaluation of patients holistically, the expectation of NIDSs in critical infection cases to start the therapy immediately, losing the support of drug companies by NIDSs, and the restriction of NIDSs in routine medical practice. On the other hand, NIDSs seem to have real problems in the diagnosis or treatment of infectious diseases. The consultation service provided by the IDSs in Turkey is widely accepted among other clinicians and appears to be of a crucial importance.
Bu makalede, atrezia ani, rektouretral fistül ve pelvik ekstremitelerin her birinin çift olarak şekillendiği (pygomelia) 1 günlük, Montafon ırkı erkek bir buzağıdaki bulgular değerlendirilmiştir. ...Olgunun 1 gün önce sezaryen ile dünyaya geldiği ve ilk gebeliği olan annenin operasyondan sonra öldüğü öğrenildi. Klinik muayenede anüsün kapalı olduğu ve rektumla bağlantılı uretral bir defektten mekonyum geldiği saptandı. Bununla birilkte, normal gelişen her iki arka bacağın medialinde iki ayrı bacağın şekillendiği belirlendi, inguinal bölgede simetrik olarak asılı bulunan her iki bacağın da hayvan yürütüldüğünde yürüyüşe katkıda bulunmaksızın gelişi güzel sallandığı görüldü. Radyolojik kontrolde, normal pelvisin yanında ayrı bir pelvik oluşumun varlığı ve fazla bacakların coxo-femoral eklemlerle bu yapıya bağlandığı görüldü. Spinal anestezi altında gerçekleştirilen operasyonla öncelikle kapalı olan anüste açıklık oluşturularak rektumun uretra ile olan bağlantısı kapatıldı. Bunu izleyerek fazla pelvik ekstremiteler ampute edilerek uzaklaştırıldı. Gerekli medikal desteğe rağmen operasyonun bitiminden bir süre sonra hayvan öldü. Kas-iskelet, üriner ve gastrointestinal sistemi kapsayan çoklu bir malformasyon şekillenen bu olgu, ilginç bir anomali olarak değerlendirilmiştir.
In this article, atresia ani, rectourethral fistula and pygomelia (existed in both sites of pelvic extremites) were evaluated in one day old male Brown Swiss calf. This calf was delivered via cesserian section and dam of the calf was first calf heifer and it died following operation. At clinical examination, anus was closed, and meconium was present at urethra via rectal fistula. In addition to this, further developed two legs located median part of the both hind legs were also seen. Two legs simmetrically hanged in inguinal area were not functioning and it was randomly swinging. Radiological examination revealed an extra pelvical formation next to the normal pelvis and these extra formed legs were attached to the this structure with coxo-femoral articulations.Under spinal anesthesia, connection between rectum and urethra closed with sutures. Afterwards, abnormal extra pelvic extremites were amputed. Despite medical support, calf was died following operation. This malformation including musculo-skeletal, urinary and gastrointestinal systems was though to be an interesting case.
Bu çalışmada, 1996-2005 yılları arasında Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Cerrahi Kliniğine getirilen buzağılardan göbek lezyonu tanısı konan 322 olgu incelendi. Olguların ırk ve cinsiyet ...dağılımları yapılarak göbek bölgesi lezyonlarmın (omfalitis, omfalofilebitis, omfaloarteritis, urakus fistülü, hemoraji, evantrasyon ve hernia umbilikalis), etiyolojileri, klinik ve operatif bulguları değerlendirildi.
Buzağıların cinsiyet dağılımı 237 (%73.60) erkek, 85 (%26.40) dişi iken, ırklara göre dağılım Simental 127 (%39.43), Montafon 80 (%24.85), Zavot 65 (% 20.19), Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı 28 (%8.70), Yerli Kara 15 (%4.66) ve Holstein 7 (%2.17) olarak bulundu.
Lezyonların olgulara göre dağılımı omfalofilebitis 126 (%39.13), hernia umbilikalis 98 (%30.44), omfalitis 35 (% 10.87), hernia umbilikalis+omfalofilebitis 22 (%6.83), omfalofilebitis + omfaloarteritis 18 (%5.59), omfaloarteritis 12 (%3.73), hemoraji 4 (%1.24), evantrasyon 4 (%1.24) ve urakus fistülü 3 (%0.93) olarak tespit edildi.
Hastalarda göbek bölgesi lezyonlarmın yanı sıra diğer hastalıkların (septisemi, artritis gibi) tamsı konularak değerlendirildi. Olguların tümü operatif olarak sağaltılırken bulgular değerlendirmeye alındı.
Bu çalışmada buzağılarda karşılaşılan göbek lezyonlarmın yaygınlığı, ırklara göre dağılımı, lezyonların çeşitliliği, komplikasyonları, eş zamanlı karşılaşılabilecek hastalıklar ile sağaltım seçeneklerinin değerlendirilmesi "amaçlanmıştır.
In this study 322 events that diagnosed as umbilical lesion were analyzed among the calves, which were brought to Kafkas University Veterinary Faculty Surgery Clinics in 1996 - 2005 years period. Events were classified according to their sex and race and umbilical lesions (omphalitis, omphalophlebitis, omphaloarteritis, urachal fistula, hemorrhage, eventration and umbilical hernia) etiology, clinical and operation diagnoses were examined.
Their sex discrimination is %73.6 (237) of calves were male, %26.4 (85) were female and their race discrimination was defined as Simental 127 (%39.43), Brown Swiss 80 (%24.85), Zavot 65 (%20.19), Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı 28 (%8.70), Yerli Kara 15 (%4.66) ,Holstein 7 (%2.17).
The distribution of the lesions according to events resulted as, omphalophlebitis 126 (%39.13), umbilical hernia 98 (%30.44), omphalitis 35 (% 10.87), umbilical hernia + omphalophlebitis 22 (%6.83), omphalophlebitis + omphaloarteritis 18 (%5.59), omphaloarteritis 12 (%3.73), hemorrhage 4 (%1.24), eventration 4 (%1.24) and urachal fistula (%0.93).
In addition to umbilical lesion other diseases were also examined such as septisemi, arthritis. All the diagnoses and disease clues were taken into consideration during the operation treatment.
The frequency of umbilical lesions, their incidence in different breeds, types of lesions, complications and
treatment of mix infections were evaluated in this study.
Medpor implants were placed on the periosteum of the mandible in infant rabbits to study their effects on growth. Three months later radiological and histopathological studies were performed in situ ...and after removal of the mandible. The authors demonstrate that implants did not affect normal development of the mandible; however, there was a decrease in bone thickness and a mononuclear cell reaction was caused where the implant came in contact with the bone.
: To evaluate the histologic changes in the livers of renal transplant candidates who were infected with hepatitis viruses, we performed a percutaneous liver biopsy in each of 74 regular hemodialysis ...patients. Forty percent of them were seropositive for the antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) whereas 29.7% had anti‐HCV and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti‐HBs) concomitantly. Seven (9.5%) were seropositive for only hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg. Histopathological examination revealed that 30% of patients had chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 11% had chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), and 3% displayed histopathological evidence of cirrhosis. Eleven of 22 patients with CAH were positive for only anti‐HCV, and 2 of 22 were positive for only HBsAg. One patient had HBsAg and anti‐HCV together, and 8 of 22 had anti‐HBs and anti‐HCV concomitantly. None of the anti‐HBs positive patients exhibited abnormal histopathological changes. We found no statistically significant difference in histopathological findings between the HBsAg positive and anti‐HCV positive patients. As 32 of 74 patients (43%) had some degree of chronic liver disease, we concluded that it is prudent to evaluate liver histology in HBsAg and anti‐HCV seropositive renal transplant candidates before transplantation.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Medical imaging has become the key to access inside human body for the
purpose of diagnosis and treatment planning. In order to understand the
effectiveness of planned treatment following the ...diagnosis, treated body part may
have to be monitored several times during a period of time. Information gained
from successive imaging of body part provides guidance to next step of treatment.
Comparison of images or datasets taken at different times requires registration of
these images or datasets since the same conditions may not be provided at all
times. Accurate segmentation of the body part under treatment is needed while
comparing medical images to achieve quantitative and qualitative measurements.
This segmentation task enables two dimensional and three dimensional
visualizations of the region which also aid in directing the planning strategy.
In this thesis, several segmentation algorithms are investigated and a hybrid
segmentation algorithm is developed in order to segment bone tissue out of head
CT slices for orthodontic treatment planning. Using the developed segmentation algorithm, three dimensional visualizations of segmented bone tissue out of head
CT slices of two patients are obtained. Visualizations are obtained using the
MATLAB Computer software&
#8217
s visualization library.
Besides these, methods are developed for automatic registration of twodimensional
and three-dimensional CT images taken at different time periods.
These methods are applied to real and synthetic data. Algorithms and methods
used in this thesis are also implemented in MATLAB computer program.
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