Anti-epidemic work against coronavirus disease (COVID) has become routine work in China. Our study was intended to investigate the emotional and psychological state of healthcare workers and look for ...the association between sociodemographic factors/profession-related condition and emotional state.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted online among healthcare workers from various backgrounds. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed by the Chinese versions of the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Supplementary questions (Supplementary Material) were recorded to describe the participants' information about workplace violence, profession, and attitude related to the COVID pandemic. Wherever suitable, independent
-test, and one-way ANOVA were performed to detect group differences of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 total scores after grouping by sociodemographic variables, respectively, such as age, gender, marital status, educational level, after-tax income, department category, job title, experience of workplace violence, and anti-epidemic participation. Multiple linear regression analyses (stepwise method) were utilized in order to look for the potential associated factors of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 total scores.
A total of 2,139 questionnaires with valid response were completed. Approximately 86.44% of participants had minimal symptoms of anxiety, 11.08% mild, 1.59% moderate, and 0.89% severe. Meanwhile, 81.34% had minimal symptoms of depression, 14.07% mild, 2.90% moderate, 1.17% moderately severe, and 0.51% severe. Student's
-test showed that participants with female gender, with experience of workplace violence scored higher on both GAD-7 and PHQ-9, and participants with experience of anti-epidemic front-line work during pandemic scored lower on both GAD-7 and PHQ-9. ANOVA showed that participants aging from 31 to 40, with higher educational level, with middle level of annual after-tax income, with department of internal medicine or surgery, or with middle level of job title scored higher on both GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Regression analyses showed that female gender, high job title, and the experience of workplace violence positively were associated with anxiety or depression. Doctoral education, department (other
. psychiatry), job enthusiasm, and professional self-identity were negatively associated with anxiety or depression. Additionally, psychological support was negatively associated with depression.
As the epidemic prevention and control against COVID-19 become normalized in China, emotional state of healthcare workers deserves extensive attention. Our study revealed that gender, educational level, department category, job title, the experience of workplace violence, job enthusiasm, and professional self-identity are the most important influencing factors of physician's anxiety and depression. Self-tailored psychological intervention should be based on the predisposing factors above to mentally prepare healthcare workers for this long-lasting battle against COVID-19.
Purpose
The data protection is always a vital problem in the network era. High-speed cryptographic chip is an important part to ensure data security in information interaction. This paper aims to ...provide a new peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) encryption card solution with high performance, high integration and low cost.
Design/methodology/approach
This work proposes a System on Chip architecture scheme of high-speed cryptographic chip for PCIe encryption card. It integrated CPU, direct memory access, the national and international cipher algorithm (data encryption standard/3 data encryption standard, Rivest–Shamir–Adleman, HASH, SM1, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM7), PCIe and other communication interfaces with advanced extensible interface-advanced high-performance bus three-level bus architecture.
Findings
This paper presents a high-speed cryptographic chip that integrates several high-speed parallel processing algorithm units. The test results of post-silicon sample shows that the high-speed cryptographic chip can achieve Gbps-level speed. That means only one single chip can fully meet the requirements of cryptographic operation performance for most cryptographic applications.
Practical implications
The typical application in this work is PCIe encryption card. Besides server’s applications, it can also be applied in terminal products such as high-definition video encryption, security gateway, secure routing, cloud terminal devices and industrial real-time monitoring system, which require high performance on data encryption.
Social implications
It can be well applied on many other fields such as power, banking, insurance, transportation and e-commerce.
Originality/value
Compared with the current strategy of high-speed encryption card, which mostly uses hardware field-programmable gate arrays or several low-speed algorithm chips through parallel processing in one printed circuit board, this work has provided a new PCIe encryption card solution with high performance, high integration and low cost only in one chip.
Dysfunctional family relationships are prominent factors influencing personality development and psychiatric disorder progression, but the detailed relationships between personality disorders and ...family relationships in schizophrenia are less studied. In this study, we invited 92 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 76 healthy volunteers to answer the Family Relationship Questionnaire (FRQ) and the Parker Personality Measure (PERM). Compared to controls, patients scored higher on Paternal/ Maternal Abuse, but lower on General Attachment, Paternal Encouragement and Paternal/ Maternal Freedom Release. Patients also scored higher on all PERM styles except the Obsessive-Compulsive. In controls, Paternal Freedom Release predicted Paranoid (-), Maternal Abuse predicted Schizoid, General Attachment predicted Schizotypal (-), Histrionic (-) and Narcissistic (-), Paternal Abuse predicted Antisocial, and Maternal Freedom Release predicted Avoidant (-). While in patients, Paternal Abuse predicted Schizotypal, Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Dependent, and Passive-Aggressive. In conclusion, there were prominent family relationships and personality problems in schizophrenia, and the family relationships, especially paternal abuse, were associated with personality disorder functioning styles. Therefore, the intervention of paternal abuse in the early life might beneficial to reducing personality disorder traits in schizophrenia.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
The room temperature compression experiments of as-extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy under different loading speeds were carried out on a universal tensile testing machine. The fracture failure ...characteristics and mechanism of the alloy under different compression loading speeds were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope (OM). The results show that during the compression test, the crushed AZ31 magnesium alloy sample has a certain pier coarseness, the macro fracture of the sample is located at one third of the sample, and the macro fracture mode is 45° shear fracture with the sample axis; With the increase of loading speed, the coincidence degree of macro fracture becomes worse, and its compressive strength changes in an undulating manner. When the loading speed is 2mm/min, the compressive strength reaches the peak value of 413MPa, and the fracture morphology of the sample shows a typical flat and flat rock like ductile brittle mixed fracture. With the increase of loading speed, the proportion of brittle fracture components increases, the shape of shrinkage fracture is rock like fracture, and the fracture fluctuation is relatively slow, the dimples distributed on the fracture surface are elongated and torn, and the compression speed has no obvious effect on the fracture morphology.
Carbon emission price mechanism is the core issue in carbon emission trading. The carbon emission price fluctuation trend is related to the play of the effectiveness of carbon emission trading ...market, and directly affects the green and low-carbon behavior of enterprises and residents. Therefore, the prediction of carbon price is of great practical significance. This study presents a new carbon price prediction model by using time series complex network analysis technology and extreme learning machine algorithm (ELM). In our model, we first map the carbon price data into a carbon price network (CPN), and then extract the effective information of carbon price fluctuations by using the network topology, and use the extracted effective information to reconstruct the carbon price sample data. With the reconstructed data and the extreme learning machine algorithm, the carbon price network extreme learning machine model (CPN-ELM) is built. To test the validity of the model, we selected the carbon emission price data of the second, third and transition stages of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) for empirical analysis, the results show that CPN-ELM can improve the predictive accuracy of ELM in both level accuracy and directional accuracy. Meanwhile, CPN-ELM prediction model has better robustness when facing the random samples, sample data with different frequencies or sample data with structural changes.
•CPN-ELM is proposed based on complex network and extreme learning machine.•The carbon price network is constructed by using the carbon price data.•The information of carbon price fluctuation is extracted by using network topology.•Empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of CPN-ELM.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•PFASs in surface sediment were dominated by PFOS and PFNA.•Individual PFASs exhibited different temporal variations.•Sediments might act as important reservoir and direct sources to ...food web.•Emission sources and transport pathways were assigned and quantified by PMF model.
Although perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous in the Arctic, their dominant pathways to the Arctic remain unclear. Most modeling studies support major oceanic transport for PFASs in the Arctic seawater, but this conclusion contradicts the rapid response of PFASs to global emissions in some biota species. Sediments, which act as important PFAS sinks for seawater and potential PFAS source to the benthic food web, are important for interpreting the fate of PFASs in the Arctic. Here we investigate the occurrence of 9 PFASs in one core (1945–2014) and 29 surface sediments from the Bering Sea to the western Arctic. Total PFAS concentrations (0.06–1.73 ng/g dw) in surface sediments were dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorobutyl sulfonate (PFBS), with higher levels in the Bering Sea slope and the northeast Chukchi Sea. Historical trends in PFASs varied among individuals, with PFOS declining in the early 2000s while PFNA showing an increasing up-core trend. Analysis of positive matrix factorization model identified that the major PFAS sources in the sediment core were dominated by the atmospheric oxidation of consumer use of PFOS precursor-based products (45.0%), while the oceanic transport of fluoropolymer manufacture of polyvinylidene fluoride (mainly PFNA) exhibited an increasing trend over time, becoming dominant in surface sediments (42.8%). Besides, local input of possible aqueous fire-fighting foams (mainly PFOS and PFBS) also acted as an important source currently (30.1%) and historically (34.9%). Our study revealed that the pathways of PFASs in Arctic sediments varied greatly for individuals and the conclusion of PFOS originating from mainly atmospheric oxidation was different from seawater modeling results. This, together with the high possibility of sediments as direct source to Arctic food web (supported by similar PFAS compositions and temporal variations), help provide additional evidence regarding PFAS pathways to the Arctic.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•The directed and weighted networks of crude price and gasoline price were built.•The evolution law of the new nodes appeared in the prices networks was obtained.•The topological structure of price ...networks was analyzed in different periods.•The dependency between the two type prices was analyzed based on network similarity.•The core nodes and the distribution of the time these nodes appeared were identified.
The directed weighted networks of international crude oil and gasoline price were built in the different fluctuation periods. And then the evolution law of the new nodes in the prices networks was analyzed. The results indicated that the cumulative times of the new nodes that appeared in the crude oil and gasoline prices networks were not random but exhibited a high linear growth trend, which revealed the linear characteristics of the accumulation time of abnormal points that appeared in the process of oil price fluctuations. Based on the node strength, the calculation formula of the network similarity between the crude oil and gasoline price networks was designed, and the interdependence between the crude oil and gasoline price fluctuations was calculated, the results indicated that there was a strong interdependence between crude oil and gasoline prices in stable fluctuation periods, but the degree of dependence was significantly reduced in sharp fluctuation periods. The strength of nodes and their strength distribution, weighted clustering coefficient, and average shortest paths of the price network in different periods were calculated. The fluctuation characteristics in different periods were comparatively analyzed. The core fluctuation status and the conversion relationship between them in different periods were revealed. Finally, the important modes of price fluctuations of crude oil and gasoline were identified and the distribution characteristics of the time these modes appeared were studied.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Magnetic guanidyl-functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF) nanospheres with multi-affinity sites composed of an inherent Zn-O cluster based on MOAC and specific recognized groups (amino group and ...guanidyl group) were for the first time synthesized by a combination strategy of epitaxial growth and post-synthetic modification of magnetic amino-derived MOFs, and they exhibit great potential for efficient enrichment of global phosphopeptides.
Manure application to soil has declined globally due to increased availability of mineral fertilizers. However, mineral fertilizer overuse has caused serious consequences for soil quality and the ...environment. We analyzed the results of 20 long‐term field trials (22–32 years, start year ranged from 1980 to 1990 to 2012) and combined this with a climate change model and soil organic carbon (SOC) model to quantify the importance of manure and mineral fertilizers for grain yield and SOC sequestration across croplands in China. During the past three decades mineral fertilizers have increased grain yield for 91–184% but had minor impact on SOC sequestration (4–16%). In contrast, manure applied with mineral fertilizer increased grain yield by only 6–19% but strongly raised the SOC content (9–39%) compared with mineral fertilizer. Modeling (to the year 2099) indicated that manure used in combination with mineral fertilizers will increase future C sequestration in soils across China by 2,086 Tg C and by 2,482 Tg C based on current net primary productivity with no climate change and on increased net primary productivity with climate change scenarios, respectively. This corresponds to an additional 43–58% increase in C sequestration compared to mineral fertilizers only. The manure efficiency for C sequestration in soil was about 9.6% of C input and decreased with increasing SOC content. To maintain the current SOC content (i.e., 2010), 11 t·ha−1·year−1 fresh manure or 4.8 t·ha−1·year−1 dry maize straw would be required. We conclude that the regular use of manure with mineral fertilizers is essential for the long‐term dual functions of soil for food production and SOC sequestration.
Key Points
The increase of SOC by manure is much higher than that of crop yield; manure C efficiency is 9.6% of C input and decreased with SOC content
Mineral fertilizers just maintained the SOC, while combined with manure they sequester more C under current climate and increase crop yield
We modeled the minimal level of manure application to maintain SOC on the current management practices
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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