In this contribution a first STAR measurement on two heavy-flavor particle correlations in p+p collisions at RHIC is presented. Heavy-flavor (charm and bottom) events are identified and separated on ...a statistical basis by the azimuthal correlation of their decay electrons and open charm mesons, which provide decisive information about the underlying production process. The azimuthal correlation distribution exhibits a two-peak structure which can be attributed to
B
decays on the near side and predominantly charm pair production on the away side. These assumptions are supported by dedicated simulations using PYTHIA and MC@NLO event generators. This new correlation method has the potential for comprehensive energy loss measurements of heavy quarks in heavy-ion collisions.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The extensive literature on executive succession gives only scant attention to the actual process of succession. To better understand the dynamics of the succession process, the analogy of a relay ...race is suggested, where success is influenced by four factors: sequence, timing, baton-passing technique, and communication. These four factors are used as a framework for a longitudinal examination of a failed executive succession in a small, family-owned manufacturing firm. In-depth examination of the attempted succession showed that the four themes are helpful in working toward the development of a general theory of executive succession.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
This study provides a longitudinal empirical examination of the basic elements of Nonaka's (1994) dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. First, the data illustrate the notion that ...knowledge creation in organizations proceeds through an intertwined four‐phase process: (1) socialization (tacit knowledge amplification); (2) externalization (tacit knowledge is transformed into explicit knowledge); (3) combination (explicit knowledge amplification); and (4) internalization (explicit knowledge is transformed into tacit knowledge). Second, the study extends Nonaka's theory by comparing the relative amount of intra‐organizational knowledge transfer occurring during periods of product redesign with the amount of knowledge transfer occurring during steady‐state periods. The questionnaire data suggest that the overall level of knowledge transfer is higher during periods of product redesign than it is during the steady state, whereas the interview data indicate that there were more mentions of knowledge transfer during the steady state. Third, the data suggest that there may be benefit in adding tacit error correction as a fifth phase in the learning cycle. This phase is characterized by a dual emphasis on externalization and internalization. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Strangeness enhancement (SE) in heavy ion collisions can be understood in the statistical model on the basis of canonical suppression. In this formulation, SE is a consequence of the transition from ...canonical to the asymptotic grand canonical limit and is predicted to be a decreasing function of collision energy. This model predictions are consistent with the recent NA49 data on Λ enhancement at
p
lab
= 40, 80, 158GeV.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The use of our recently reported chemical library purification strategy in the development of a herbicidal lead, N-(3-benzoylphenyl)-3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (3), is ...described. The approach applying fundamental properties of complementary molecular reactivity and molecular recognition (CMR/R) as the basis for a general purification strategy was utilized. Polymeric reagents were used in the synthesis to generate reactive species involved in product formation, and complementary molecular reactivity/molecular recognition polymer 8 (CMR/R polymer 8) was used in the solution-phase syntheses of building blocks, primary libraries, and lead refinement libraries. An extension of the CMR/R methodology was applied, utilizing a sequestration enabling reagent (SER), transforming a reactant into an electrophilic species sequestrable by CMR/R polymer 8. This library purification strategy enabled rapid lead generation and lead refinement to afford herbicide 27o. The CMR/R solid-phase purification technique enabled a simple, general, and powerful protocol, eliminating the usual tedious and time-consuming methods required for solution-phase product purification. The result was the synthesis of hundreds of compounds, prepared in a relatively short time, leading to a compound with a 4-fold improvement in herbicidal activity over the initial lead.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Elevated plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are a major risk factor for atherosclerosis leading to coronary artery disease (CAD), which remains the main cause of mortality in ...Western society. We believe that by preventing the reabsorption of bile acids, a minimally absorbed apical sodium-codependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibitor would lower the serum cholesterol without the potential systemic side effects of an absorbed drug. A series of novel benzothiepines (3R,3R‘-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-5-aryl-1-benzothiepin-4-ol 1,1-dioxides) were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the apical sodium dependent bile acid transport (ASBT)-mediated uptake of 14Ctaurocholate (TC) in H14 cells. A 3R,4R,5R/3S,4S,5S racemate was found to have greater potency than the other three possible racemates. Addition of electron-donating groups such as a dimethylamino substituent at the 7 position greatly enhanced potency, and incorporation of a long-chain quaternary ammonium substituent on the 5-phenyl ring was useful in minimizing systemic exposure of this locally active ASBT inhibitor while also increasing water solubility and maintaining potency. The reported results describe the synthesis and SAR development of this benzothiepine class of ASBT inhibitors resulting in an 6000-fold improvement in ASBT inhibition with desired minimal systemic exposure of this locally acting drug candidate.
In the preceding paper several compounds were reported as potent apical sodium-codependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibitors. Since the primary site for active bile acid reabsorption is via ...ASBT, which is localized on the luminal surface of the distal ileum, we reasoned that a nonsystemic inhibitor would be desirable to minimize or eliminate potential systemic side effects of an absorbed drug. To ensure bioequivalency and product stability, it was also essential that we identify a nonhygroscopic inhibitor in its most stable crystalline form. A series of benzothiepines were prepared to refine the structure−activity relationship of the substituted phenyl ring at the 5-position of benzothiepine ring and to identify potent, crystalline, nonhygroscopic, and efficacious ASBT inhibitors with low systemic exposure.
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Open and hidden heavy-flavor physics in high-energy nuclear collisions are entering a new and exciting stage towards reaching a clearer understanding of the new experimental results with the ...possibility to link them directly to the advancement in lattice Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD). Recent results from experiments and theoretical developments regarding open and hidden heavy-flavor dynamics have been debated at the Lorentz Workshop
Tomography of the Quark-Gluon Plasma with Heavy Quarks
, which was held in October 2016 in Leiden, The Netherlands. In this contribution, we summarize identified common understandings and developed strategies for the upcoming five years, which aim at achieving a profound knowledge of the dynamical properties of the quark-gluon plasma.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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