A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was carried out for rapid determination and quantification of sodium benzoate in different jelly products. Sodium benzoate is allowed ...food additive by universal laws in processing in restrictive amounts, but its content must be declared and must not exceed the established limits by legislation. An experimental study for the level of sodium benzoate in different brands of jelly available in the markets, stores and shops in the Tangail region in Bangladesh was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Chromatographic separation was achieved with isocratic solvent system of sodium acetate and acetic acid buffer (pH = 4.0): acetonitrile as 70:30 with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min; chromatograms were recorded at 254 nm. The injection volume was 20 µL. The concentrations of sodium benzoate in all the samples were calculated by the external standard method with calibration of correlation coefficient 0.985 from the standards calibration curves. The limit of detection and quantification for sodium benzoate was 0.0003 mg/100 mL and 0.0009 mg/100 mL respectively. Quantification of the selected brand jellies revealed that the level of the used sodium benzoate was within the FDA standard range. But by comparing with the Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institute (BSTI), Brand-3 jelly samples were found to exceed the current legal limits.
In this study an attempt has been undertaken to utilize the solid wastes generated by the leather industry, particularly raw trimmings, for making bio-adhesive in a cost effective and sustainable ...way. To enhance the adhesion properties of prepared bio-adhesive, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different ratios were incorporated. Here raw trimmings was hydrolyzed using calcium oxide (CaO) and yielded maximum gelatin of 38.67% at 75°C and 4.5 hrs. The properties of the prepared adhesives were assessed through the various parameters such as viscosity, ash content, pH, density, moisture content, shear strength and peel strength. Considering shear and peel strength test, bio-adhesive containing Gelatin-PVA ratio of 1:4 have shown characteristics features that can be used as temporary adhesive in different stages of leather products preparations. This ratio almost fulfill the standard requirement. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 59(1), 07-16, 2024
•An optimal energy management scheme is developed for residential microgrids.•The optimal utilization of energy resources is ensured for all participants.•The proposed approach is adopted ...neighborhood energy sharing.•The proposed scheme improves the self-reliance and minimize the overall cost.•Results are shown based on an Australian perspective.
This paper presents an energy management scheme for residential microgrids where optimal energy utilization problems are formulated as distributed mixed integer linear programming problems for different types of houses (e.g., houses without solar photovoltaic or batteries, with solar photovoltaic, and with solar photovoltaic as well as batteries). The proposed distributed approach is adopted to solve optimal energy management problems of different houses in a neighborhood. The solutions of the proposed scheme allow different houses to make decisions for optimally utilizing their resources without sharing any private information with the central transactive energy management system. The energy excess and shortage information of different houses, after the optimal resource utilization, are shared with the central transactive energy management system and then with neighbors through a competitive market to ensure the maximum self-reliance as well as the minimum cost for purchasing energy from the grid. Simulation results on different houses in a residential microgrid show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of the optimal resource utilization and effective energy sharing.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Neelima Akter, Aysha KhalidFaculty of Medicine, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UKKnowledge retention is a challenge faced by many medical students in undergraduateteaching, and ...horizontal teaching of preclinical and clinical medicine isa popular curriculum that should be reflected upon. Based on this, we are greatlyinterested in the study conducted by Zaeemzadeh et al to encourage the verticalintegration of basic sciences and clinical sectors.1 Most importantly the authorsidentified that knowledge loss occurred at all levels after basic sciences were taught,with knowledge loss decreasing as students advanced in their years at medicalschool. As medical students ourselves, we would like to offer our perspective on thefeasibility of the authors' recommendations to promote vertical integration in medical schools.View the original paper byZaeemzadeh and colleagues
Correction added after online publication March 16, 2011: The contact information for two authors was listed incorrectly. The email addresses for Farid Uddin Ahamed and Nasreen Akter have been ...corrected in this version.
This article both joins with recent arguments in economic geography that have made connections between work on industrial symbiosis and agglomerative tendencies and recasts this work. Drawing on the case of Sitakunda-Bhatiary, Bangladesh, it shows that symbiosis is intricately bound up in the global circulation of wastes and their recovery through secondary processing. It draws attention to the importance of key places as conduits in the transformation of materials and secondary processing; emphasizes their importance as sites of symbiotic activity; and shows how such places exemplify economies of recycling, reuse, and remanufacturing, but in conditions of minimal environmental regulation. It therefore shows that contemporary symbiosis is not necessarily clean and green and may be very messy; that it can be generative of agglomerations, not just dependent upon prior agglomerations; that such agglomerations may be cross sectoral, not just interplant; and that symbiosis needs to be thought of not just through geographic proximity, but through the spatialities of globalization.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, INZLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NMLJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
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