Food neophobia, described as a reluctance to eat and or avoid new food, is a personality trait that affects food choice. Despite its potential influence on an individual's food intake, food neophobia ...has been poorly investigated in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate food neophobia and its association with sociodemographic factors and food preferences in a sample of Bangladeshi university students. Five hundred students from five public universities completed the structured surveys. Food neophobia was assessed by a 10-item validated food neophobia scale with some minor modifications based on study settings. A multiple linear regression model was used to observe the factors associated with food neophobia. The mean food neophobia score among study participants was 37.45 (SD: 13.39, Range: 13–67). According to the adjusted statistical model, being female (regression coefficient, β = 2.73), having higher monthly family income (β = −6.64), being underweight (β = 4.68), being overweight (β = −4.63), having any food allergy (β = 9.09), and a history of sickness after eating a new food item (β = 5.16) were significantly associated with food neophobia amongst the participants. The participants' liking of various food items such as vegetables were significantly correlated with food neophobia scores. Nutrition education policies and programs are of importance to address the students' food neophobia during their tertiary education so that they maintain lifelong healthy dietary habits and consume a variety of foods to improve their physical health and well-being.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The experiment was conducted at Multi Location Testing site under On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh 2016- 17 and 2017-18 to evaluate the agro-economic ...performance of improved cropping pattern for increasing cropping intensity, system productivity and profitability as compared to farmers’ existing cropping pattern. The experiment was laid out randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Two cropping pattern viz., improved cropping pattern Garden pea (var. BARI Motorshuti-3) - Boro (var. BRRI dhan28) - T. Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan32) and farmers’ existing pattern Fallow - Boro (BRRI dhan28) - T. Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan32) as control were tested. Improved cropping pattern produced higher mean rice equivalent yield (30.26 t ha-1 yr.-1), production efficiency (74 kg ha-1 day-1 ), land utilization index (72 %) and labour employment (382 man-days ha-1 yr.-1) than farmers’ pattern which were 200, 37, 35 and 55% higher over existing pattern. Average gross return (Tk.486430 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 284787 ha-1) and marginal benefit cost ratio (4.60) of improved pattern indicate it’s superiority over farmers’ pattern. The fertility status of soil i.e. pH, organic matter, total N, available P, S, Zn and B content in soil were increased over the initial soil due to addition of garden pea biomass. Thus, inclusion of garden pea in the existing pattern would improve soil health and system productivity as a whole. Experimental findings revealed that there is potential for greater adoption of intensified cropping systems with increased productivity and profitability as compared to rice–rice systems in Mymensingh region.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 37-46
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection in intensive care units (ICU), accounting for 25% of all ICU infections. Antimicrobial resistance is increasing and ...becoming a significant health problem worldwide, increasing hospital length of stay, mortality and costs. Identifying antibiotic resistance patterns in VAP is important as this can cause outbreaks in ICUs. To date, there have been limited studies assessing this in Bangladesh. Consequently, the primary objective of this research was to study the species of bacterial growth and to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of Metallo-β-Lactamase (MBL) producing gram-negative bacilli among ICU patients with VAP in a public medical school hospital, Bangladesh. In addition, identify the factors associated with a positive culture to provide future guidance.
Cross-sectional study performed in the Chattogram Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Mueller Hinton agar plates were used for antibiotic sensitivity testing by the Kirby-Buer disc diffusion test.
Among 105 clinically suspected VAP cases, qualitative cultures were positive in 95 (90%) of them. The most common bacteria identified were Acinetobacter spp. (43.2%), Klebsiella spp. (20%) and Pseudomonas spp. (18.9%). A positive culture was not associated with patients' age or gender. Among 41 isolated Acinetobacter spp., 38 (92.7%) were resistant to gentamicin followed by 36 (87.8%) to ceftriaxone. Among 24 isolated Klebsiella spp., 22 (83.3%) were resistant to ceftriaxone. Among 18 isolated Pseudomonas spp., 16 (88.8%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 13 (72.2%) were resistant to ceftriaxone. Among nine isolated E.
coli, all were resistant to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. All four Proteus spp. (100%) isolated were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Additionally, phenotype MBL producing was 65.22% and genotype was 45.65% among imipenem resistant pathogens. Imipenem resistant pathogens were sensitive to amoxyclav, amikacin¸ azithromycin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, colistin and gentamycin.
A positive culture was detected in 90% of VAP patients, but it was not associated with the patients' age and gender. The most common bacteria identified were Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp., where the majority of these were resistant to ceftriaxone. The results are being used to provide future guidance on the empiric management of VAP in this hospital.
An experiment was conducted at the Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh during 24 March 2018 to 10 January 2019, ...to investigate the growth and yield of different turmeric varieties under mango trees and open control. The experiment consisted of two factors with three replications. Among the two factors, one factor was two production systems: T1 =Mango + Turmeric and T2=Open control + Turmeric; the second factor was three turmeric local varieties: V1=Thailand, V2= Malshira and V3= Debipat. Interaction treatments between factor A and factor B were T1V1, T1V2, T1V3, T2V1, T2V2 and T2V3 combinations. The experiment was laid out following a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Findings of the study revealed that growth and yield of turmeric significantly varied in the main effect of different agroforestry production systems. The highest fresh weight of rhizome (11000 kg/ha) was obtained in T2 and lowest (7055 kg/ha) in T1. The highest dry weight of rhizome (2126 kg/ha) was found in T2 and lowest (1456 kg/ha) was in T1. On the other hand the highest fresh weight of rhizome was 9777 kg/ha found with (V2) and lowest 8055 kg/ha with (V3), the highest dry weight of rhizome was 2013kg/ha found in V1.In case of interaction, the highest fresh rhizome weight (13611 kg/ha) and dry rhizome weight (2631 kg/ha) were recorded in T2V2 and T2V2, respectively. However, the lowest were found in T1V2 (5944 kg/ha) and T1V2 (1208 kg/ha).
The experiments was conducted at a farmers’ field adjacent to the HSTU Research Farm, Dinajpur during 28th April to 13th December 2018 to evaluate growth and quality of two ginger (Zingiber ...officinale Roscoe) varieties under different tree such as ghoraneem, litchi and mango based Agroforestry systems. The experiment was two factors RCBD where Factor A (four Agroforestry systems) and Factor B (two ginger varieties). Factor A (Agroforestry system) were- T1=under Ghoraneem, T2= under Litchi, T3= under Mango and T4= Open field (control). Again, factor B (variety) were- V1= Deshiand V2= China. Therefore, the treatment combinations were T1V1, T1V2, T2V1, T2V2, T3V1, T3V2, T4V1 and T4V2. The experiment results revealed that the growth and quality of ginger were significantly varied by the main effect of different Agroforestry systems. The highest germination speed, plant height was higher under Ghoraneem (T1) but thehighest fresh rhizome weight (21600 kg/ha) was found under Mango based System (T3), whereas the highest dry rhizome weight (20%) was found under Open field condition (T4). The main effect of varieties on growth and quality of ginger were significantly varied. Germination speed, plant height, fresh rhizome weight was higher in deshi ginger (V1) but highest dry rhizome weight was found in china ginger (V2). The interaction effect of Agroforestry systems and ginger varieties was also significant. The highest germination found in T1V1.Again, the tallest plant was recorded in T1V2.The highest fresh rhizome weight (20865 kg/ha) was found in T3V1 but the highest dry rhizome weight was found inT4V1 (21.25 %). The relationship between light intensity and fresh ginger rhizome yield was inversely proportional. The highest ginger rhizome yield (21600 kg/ha) was found when the total light intensity was 115.50 LUX under Mango (T1) and the lowest ginger rhizome yield(18366 kg/ha) was when the total light intensity was 321.50 LUX in open field (T4).
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are identified as one of the most promising next-generation battery technologies owing to their high theoretical specific energy, sustainability, and affordability. ...However, the commercialization of Li-S batteries has been hindered by severe technical challenges, including the lithium polysulfide (PS) dissolution/shuttling effect, a major cause of fast capacity degradation over cycling. We demonstrated that, for the first time, nanolayer polymer coated high surface area porous carbons (NPCs) were coated directly on sulfur electrodes (NPC-S), which led to a high specific capacity of ∼1,600 mAh g −1 approaching the theoretical specific capacity limit in the NPC-S based Li-S batteries. The NPC-S based Li-S batteries maintained their large initial specific capacity gain compared with the Baseline-S based Li-S batteries (control) over extended cycles. A follow-on study indicated that the NPC-S approach is a necessary and critical step to boost the near-theoretical specific capacity while being stabilized over long cycles with a synergistic strategy. Our experimental and computational results suggest that NPC coated on sulfur electrodes provides not only an effective and strong PS-trapping power but also an increased redox reaction kinetics for sulfur ↔ PS’s conversions during battery charge and discharge, rendering the realization of near-theoretical discharge specific capacity in the NPC-S based Li-S batteries. The findings presented in this study may inspire a new, simple, low-cost, and commercially scalable approach, without adding any appreciable dead weight or volume to the batteries, in the effort to tackle the technical challenges facing SOA Li-S batteries.
Twenty nine restorer lines of rice were evaluated for fourteen agro-morphological traits during Boro (irrigated rice) season of 2012-2013 at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University ...(BSMRAU), Gazipur, and Bangladesh. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the restorer lines for all the traits studied.The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits indicating the presence of little environmental influence in the phenotypic expression. Heritability estimate was found high for all the yield contributing traits. High heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for secondary branches per panicle followed by number of effective tillers, flag leaf area and panicle weight. Contrary, days to flowering and days to maturity showed high heritability coupled with low genetic advance as per cent of mean. Pearson correlation revealed grain yield had positive association with number of effective tillers per hill, panicle length, spikelet fertility, flag leaf area, plant height and thousand grain weights. Mentioned characters also found positive association with yield in both genotypic and phenotypic level. Spikelet fertility, number of secondary branches per panicle, thousand grain weights and number of effective tiller possessed higher positive direct effect on grain yield. It indicated the importance of these traits as selection criteria of yield improvement in hybrid rice programme.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(2): 291-301, June 2019
An experiment was conducted at the farmers’ field of Phulpur MLT site of On- Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Mymensingh during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to find ...out a suitable intercrop combination of garden pea with maize for higher productivity and profitability. Five treatments, viz. T1= Maize (100%) + one row garden pea (33%) in between maize lines, T2= Maize (100%) + two row garden pea (66%) in between maize lines, T3= Maize (100%) + garden pea broadcast (100%) in between maize lines, T4= Sole maize and T5= Sole garden pea were tested following RCB design with six dispersed replications. Maize var. BARI Hybrid Maize-9 and garden pea var. BARI Motorshuti-3 were used in monoculture as well as in intercropping situations. Intercropping of garden pea improved the yield components of maize and offered some additional yield. The highest maize grain yield (8.62 t ha-1) and maize equivalent yield (20.22 t ha-1 yr-1) were recorded with maize (100 %) + two rows of garden pea (66 %) in between maize lines (T2). The values of all the competition functions were greater than unity and maize (100 %)+ two rows of garden pea (66 %) in between maize lines (T2) showed higher values of land equivalent ratio (1.56), gross return (Tk. 311920 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 175697 ha-1) and BCR (2.29) as compared to other treatments.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 691-702, December 2018
Keratin is a highly specialized fibrous protein, which is found in feathers, hair, wool and nails. Bioremediation of these waste materials is an issue requiring serious attention regarding ...environmental concern. In the present research work keratin protein is extracted from poultry chicken feather which is now treated as valueless product of poultry processing plants. Although it contains high keratin protein content, this byproduct is dumped continuously into the environment without further treatment. Millions of tons of chicken feathers are produced every year from poultry industry of Bangladesh which disposed off into environment without any industrial treatment. This protein rich valuable byproduct can be recycled and utilized effectively which has great economic and ecological importance. In this study, alkali-enzymatic hydrolysis was done for the extraction of keratin protein from feather. Desired result was found in reflux condensation system which yielded 76.2% protein hydrolysate compared to conventional hot plate hydrolysis which was yielded 52.63%. Detection and concentration of protein were determined by Biuret and Kjeldahl methods respectively.
The experiment was conducted at the Regional Spices Research Center, BARI during May 2014 to April 2015 to study the variability and character association in cinnamon germplasm taking the characters ...- tree growth, leaf characteristics, bark thickness, specific bark weight and quality of bark of cinnamon plants. Range, variance and coefficient of variation of 30 different characters showed variations in 53 cinnamon accessions. High coefficient of variation was found for base girth, main stem height, number of tertiary branches/plant, tree volume, fresh and dry bark weight of tertiary branches. Bark thickness and specific bark weight gradually declined from main stem to lateral branches. The hierarchical cluster analysis with single scaled dendrogram showed eight clusters due to variation among the germplasm. Cluster III contained maximum 14 genotypes followed by cluster I and cluster VII, each having 12 genotypes. Association analysis revealed that significant correlation of base girth with tree volume, and secondary branches/plant had also significant correlation with leaf thickness and tree volume. It also revealed that significant correlation of fresh bark thickness of main stem with fresh bark thickness of primary, secondary and tertiary stems, also with fresh and dry bark weight of main, primary, secondary and tertiary stems. Specific bark weight had also significant correlation with fresh and dry bark weight of main, primary, secondary and tertiary barks.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 555-564, September 2016
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