The objectives of this study are to analyze the dynamic behavior and to evaluate the maximum response of two-storied traditional wooden buildings against pulse-like ground motions. It was found from ...shaking table test and simulation analyses of two-storied wooden frames that structural properties cause the interactive effects between the first and second story, asymmetric restoring force characteristic, and uplift motion of column base. Based on the experiment, we suggest the simplified evaluation method of maximum deformation which is evaluated from equivalent natural period of building, period and displacement of input pulse wave using response spectrum.
In the early stage of bacterial translation, peptidyl-tRNAs frequently dissociate from the ribosome (pep-tRNA drop-off) and are recycled by peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase. Here, we establish a highly ...sensitive method for profiling of pep-tRNAs using mass spectrometry, and successfully detect a large number of nascent peptides from pep-tRNAs accumulated in Escherichia coli pth
strain. Based on molecular mass analysis, we found about 20% of the peptides bear single amino-acid substitutions of the N-terminal sequences of E. coli ORFs. Detailed analysis of individual pep-tRNAs and reporter assay revealed that most of the substitutions take place at the C-terminal drop-off site and that the miscoded pep-tRNAs rarely participate in the next round of elongation but dissociate from the ribosome. These findings suggest that pep-tRNA drop-off is an active mechanism by which the ribosome rejects miscoded pep-tRNAs in the early elongation, thereby contributing to quality control of protein synthesis after peptide bond formation.
We generated iPS cells from human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) of Fabry disease using a Sendai virus (SeVdp) vector; this method has been established by Nakanishi et al. for pathogenic evaluation. We ...received SeVdp vector from Nakanishi and loaded it simultaneously with four reprogramming factors (Klf4, Oct4, Sox2, and c-Myc) to HDFs of Fabry disease; subsequently, we observed the presence of human iPS-like cells. The Sendai virus nucleocapsid protein was not detected in the fibroblasts by RT-PCR analysis. Additionally, we confirmed an undifferentiated state, alkaline phosphatase staining, and the presence of SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, and TRA-1-81. Moreover, ultrastructural features of these iPS cells included massive membranous cytoplasmic bodies typical of HDFs of Fabry disease. Thus, we successfully generated human iPS cells from HDFs of Fabry disease that retained the genetic conditions of Fabry disease; also, these abnormal iPS cells could not be easily differentiated into mature cell types such as neuronal cells, cardiomyocytes, etc. because of a massive accumulation of membranous cytoplasmic bodies in lysosomes, possibly the persistent damages of intracellular architecture.
•First morphological and characteristic EM pictures in iPS cells from human Fabry skin fibroblasts, using SeVdp.•Fabry hiPS cells exhibited immature membranous cytoplasmic inclusions.•These cytoplasmic inclusions in Fabry hiPS may lead to abnormal cell differentiation/proliferation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Effects of spironolactone on systolic blood pressure in diabetic rats.
Mineralocorticoid hormones, which maintain electrolyte balance and blood pressure, are thought to be associated not only with ...the expression of renal 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), but also with that of intracellular mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs). The present study was designed to test whether the mineralocorticoid action of glucocorticoid corticosterone on renal MR is involved in the development of diabetes-associated hypertension by measuring the alterations of renal 11β-HSD2.
We measured the mean systolic blood pressure, renal 11β-HSD1, and mRNA levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats that received spironolactone, insulin, or no treatment, and in nondiabetic controls that received spironolactone.
Four weeks after an injection of STZ, the renal 11β-HSD2 and mRNA levels were significantly lower in diabetic rats than in control rats, and the mean systolic blood pressure was 14.8% higher in diabetic rats than in controls. Subcutaneous injections of spironolactone into diabetic rats for three weeks partially reversed the decrease in renal 11β-HSD2 activity and gene expression, and prevented the mean systolic blood pressure elevation. Spironolactone treatment for one week also resulted in a significant reduction in mean systolic blood pressure during the development of diabetic hypertension. However, treatment with STZ did not significantly decrease the renal 11β-HSD1 activity and mRNA expression, and spironolactone treatment did not exert a significant effect on this enzyme in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
In the development of diabetes-induced hypertension, the effect of spironolactone on mean systolic blood pressure may be associated with the mineralocorticoid effects of corticosterone on renal MR, as well as an alteration of renal 11β-HSD2 activity and its mRNA expression in insulin-dependent diabetic rats.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A new ionone glucoside and a new phenylpropanoid rhamnoside, termed ampelopsisionoside (1) and ampelopsisrhamnoside (2), respectively, have been isolated from stems of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata ...(MAXIM.) TRAUTV. (Vitaceae) and their structures have been established based on lines of chemical and spectral evidence. Four known glycosides, tachioside (3), isotachioside (4), lyoniside (5), and 2-phenylethyl D-rutinoside (6), were also isolated.
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