Over the past few years, the antitumor activity exhibited by 5-caffeylquinic acid (5-CQA), especially its inhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation and metastasis, has been ...recognized as a new research hotspot. However, impacted by the weak antitumor toxicity of 5-CQA, its clinical application has been limited. In this study, the antitumor effect arising from 5-CQA on HCC cells was evaluated through cell viability assay. In addition, proteomics, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and western blotting were adopted to investigate the drug resistance mechanism of HCC cells to 5-CQA. As indicated by the results, 5-CQA significantly inhibited the proliferation of HCC cell lines MHCC97H and HCCLM3 with IC5048 h of 546.8 μM and 452 μM, respectively. According to the in-depth studies, the abnormal activation of HIF-1α/glucose transporters/glycolysis pathway of 5-CQA could be a key molecular mechanism leading to drug resistance of HCC cells. Thus, this study found that glucose starvation, glucose analogue 2-DG, hexokinase inhibitor bromopyruvic acid and PKM2 inhibitor compound 3k inhibited HCC cell proliferation in synergy with 5-CQA. Furthermore, though the 5-CQA derivatives methyl chlorogenate (MCGA) and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA) exhibited more potent antiproliferation activity in HCC cells than 5-CQA, they also up-regulated the expression of GLUT1/3, whereas they had no effect on hepatocytes. To be specific, under low-glucose culture conditions, the order of sensitivity of HCC cells to CQAs was 3,5-diCQA > MCGA > 5-CQA. In brief, the above results revealed that intervention in glucose metabolism can facilitate the effects of 5-CQA and its derivatives for treating HCC.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Primary cilia are antenna-like organelles that play critical roles in sensing and responding to various signals. Nevertheless, the function of primary cilia in cellular response to ionizing radiation ...(IR) in tumor cells remains unclear. Here, we show that primary cilia are frequently expressed in tumor cells and tissues. Notably, IR promotes cilia formation and elongation in time- and dose-dependent manners. Mechanistic study shows that the suppression of YAP/Aurora A pathway contributes to IR-induced ciliogenesis, which is diminished by Aurora A overexpression. The ciliated tumor cells undergo senescence but not apoptosis in response to IR and the abrogation of cilia formation is sufficient to elevate the lethal effect of IR. Furthermore, we show that IR-induced ciliogenesis leads to the activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway to drive senescence and resist apoptosis, and its blockage enhances cellular radiosensitivity by switching senescence to apoptosis. In summary, this work shows evidence of primary cilia in coordinating cellular response to IR in tumor cells, which may help to supply a novel sensitizing target to improve the outcome of radiotherapy.
•Diverse types of tumor cells harbor primary cilia.•IR triggers cilia formation in dose- and time-dependent manners.•IR induces ciliogenesis by suppressiing YAP-Aurora A pathway.•Ciliated cells undergo senescence by activating HH pathway.•Inhibition of HH pathway enhances the cellular radiosensitivity.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract
This paper analysed the main environment pullotions of event tourism in the Beer Festival of Liyang scenic spot and its characteristics, lastly put forward the measures for reducing negative ...effect of event tourism pullotions. The results showed that the main pullotion sources included solid waste, air pollution and soil pullotion. The solid waste of event tourism differs from daily garbage with more reusable materials such as paper, wood, metal and glass. While there are air pollution and soil pullotion in event tourism senic spot differ from sightseeing area. As concentrated pullotions distribution, more water in garbage and high reusability are the characteristics of Beer Festival environmental pollutions, so measures as new recycling technology, small processing stations and standardized management given to cut down the event tourism pollutions.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are novel ubiquitous contaminants that are attracting growing concern, but their emissions into the environment are still poorly understood. In this study, 12 OPEs were ...measured in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at 20 industrial sites in an urban region and four e-waste recycling facilities in a rural region in southern China. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of ∑OPEs between the urban region (519–62,747 pg/m3, median = 2854 pg/m3) and the rural e-waste region (775–13,823 pg/m3, 3321 pg/m3). High OPE concentrations in urban PM2.5 were generally associated with the electrical, electronic, plastic, and chemical industries. There were no significant correlations between most OPEs in these two regions, suggesting different emission mechanisms. The average emissions of ∑OPEs estimated using a simplified dispersion model were 73.0 kg/yr from the urban industrial point sources and 33.2 kg/yr from the e-waste recycling facilities. The estimated emission inventory from industrial activities in the whole city (3228–4452 kg/yr) was approximately 30-fold higher than that from the e-waste recycling (133 kg/yr) facilities because urban region has a much larger industrial scale. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to model the emissions of OPEs from industrial and e-waste recycling activities to the atmosphere.
•OPE concentrations and compositions displayed great variations among the sources.•High OPE levels were related to the electronic, plastic, and chemical industries.•Correlations between OPEs suggests different emission mechanisms from the sources.•The total air emission of OPEs from the 20 urban industrial sources was 1460 kg/yr.•The total air emission of OPEs from the e-waste recycling facilities was 133 kg/yr.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
We present systematic X-ray spectral and variability analyses for the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLsy1), PG 1448+273, using the data from two long-exposure
XMM-Newton
observations of the source in ...the different flux states. These X-ray spectral analyses indicate that the two main-stream models of soft X-ray excess, the relativistically smeared reflection scenario and the warm corona scenario, show a similar statistical fit to the data sets. However, the warm corona scenario requires a black hole mass that is much larger than that estimated by the single-epoch optical spectroscopy and the X-ray variability scaling technology to alleviate the conflict between the X-ray and optical/ultraviolet data. The time-varying analyses reveal that PG 1448+273 has significant X-ray variability, especially in the low state. The features of X-ray spectra and variability show significant differences between the high and low states. At the low state, a highly variable ultra-fast outflow feature appears in the X-ray spectra, and the X-ray spectra show a very significant soft X-ray excess. At the high state, a ‘dip’, or oscillation, feature with ∼3.2
σ
confidence level emerges in the power spectral density at
ν
∼ 10
3.6
Hz, which is a unique time signature of the reflected X-ray reprocessing. Meanwhile, we also detect a tentative soft lag. It is shown that these unique spectral features and variation behaviours can be explained self-consistently in the relativistically smeared reflection scenario, in which the geometric position of the corona changes. Our results suggest that PG 1448-273 can be used as an ideal object to further study the details of the relativistic reflection process.
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FMFMET, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein participates in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair. The stability of CSB is known to be regulated by ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7). Yet, ...whether USP7 acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme for CSB is not clear. Here, we demonstrate that USP7 deubiquitinates CSB to maintain its levels after ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage. While both CSB and UV-stimulated scaffold protein A (UVSSA) exhibit a biphasic decrease and recovery upon UV irradiation, only CSB recovery depends on USP7, which physically interacts with and deubiquitinates CSB. Meanwhile, CSB overexpression stabilizes UVSSA, but decrease UVSSA's presence in nuclease-releasable/soluble chromatin, and increase the presence of ubiquitinated UVSSA in insoluble chromatin alongside CSB-ubiquitin conjugates. Remarkably, CSB overexpression also decreases CSB association with USP7 and UVSSA in soluble chromatin. UVSSA exists in several ubiquitinated forms, of which mono-ubiquitinated form and other ubiquitinated UVSSA forms are detectable upon 6xHistidine tag-based purification. The ubiquitinated UVSSA forms, however, are not cleavable by USP7 in vitro. Furthermore, USP7 disruption does not affect RNA synthesis but decreases the recovery of RNA synthesis following UV exposure. These results reveal a role of USP7 as a CSB deubiquitinating enzyme for fine-tuning the process of TC-NER in human cells.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
A novel red double perovskite phosphor Gd
2
MgTiO
6
was successfully synthesized by the conventional solid state method. The effects of the synthesis conditions of ball-milling parameters and ...calcination temperature on the phase composition, microstructure and luminescent properties were systematically investigated. Gd
2
MgTiO
6
:Eu
3+
phosphors with purity crystalline phase and particle size of 3–5 μm for LED package application had been synthesized at the calcination temperature of 1400 °C. Gd
2
MgTiO
6
:Eu
3+
emitted an intense peak centered at 615 nm under 395 nm UV excitation and the excitation spectrum had a wide absorption band in the range of 250–350 nm, and prominentsharp peaks at 395 and 466 nm. The optimized ball-milling parameters of the rotation speed of 300 rpm and milling time of 6 h could obtain a better size distribution and higher luminescence intensity due to the better crystallinity and less impurities introduced by ball-milling process.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Objective
This study was performed to analyze the surgical outcomes of our center biventricular correction with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and to explore the risk factors ...associated with postoperative mortality and postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO).
Methods
In total, 104 patients diagnosed with TAPVC and underwent biventricular correction from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2021, in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University were included. The primary endpoints were early and late postoperative mortality and postoperative pulmonary vein obstruction.
Results
Multivariable analysis indicated that prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was the only independent risk factor for early postoperative mortality. Emergency surgery, preoperative moderate, and severe pulmonary hypertension (PH), and prolonged CPB time were independent risk factors for postoperative PVO. According to ROC curve analysis, the cut‐off value of CPB time for predicting early mortality was 148 min (AUC = 0.916, 95% CI 0.811–1.000).
Conclusion
In the past 12 years, with surgical technique and perioperative management advancement, the prognosis of children treated with TAPVC biventricular correction in our center has generally improved. However, surgical repair remains challenging, and early mortality remains high in children with prolonged CPB time during surgery. Postoperative PVO often occurs in children who underwent emergency surgery, combined with moderate and severe PH and prolonged CPB time.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) generate electricity through microbial degradation of organic matter in sediments, and the cathode catalyst used for the oxygen reduction reaction is a key ...factor affecting the performance of SMFCs. To improve power production in SMFCs and remediate black-odorous water sediments, this study modifies the cathode carbon felt of the SMFC system with Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) biochar with high N and P content. The study demonstrated that the SMFC system with the modified cathode carbon felt (C-800℃/CF) exhibited superior power generation capabilities, achieving a maximum power density of 219.44 mW·m−2. Over 25 days of operation, the anode biofilm effectively degraded around 78.15% of total organic carbon, 79.55% of acid volatile sulfide, 74.78% of total nitrogen, 80.58% of ammonia nitrogen, and 77.46% of total phosphorus in the sediment. In addition, microbial community analysis showed that functional bacteria Thiobacillus, Acidaminobacter, Sulfurimonas, Bacteroidetes_vadinHA17, and Sideroxydans were the dominant genera in the anode biofilm.
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•Enteromopha prolifera(EP) biochar was used to modify the cathode of SMFC.•EP-biochar modified cathode can improve power generation performance.•Anode biofilms were effective in degrading sediment contaminants.•SMFC's anode successfully enriched a variety of functional bacteria.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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