This study presents carbon dioxide measurements realized in an experimental setup mimicking the crew quarters of the astronauts aboard the International Space Station. Several human subjects were ...placed inside the mock crew quarters model and carbon dioxide emissions were monitored at different points over a fixed period of time in a situation without any sort of ventilation, in order to determine the average accumulation rate of carbon dioxide over time. The resulting average accumulation was used to determine the emission rate of carbon dioxide for the average human. Carbon dioxide emission results were compared to existing sources in the literature and an alternative empirical formula for estimating carbon dioxide emission rates is determined. The accuracy of the two prediction methods is evaluated by comparison with the experimental results.
This paper briefly presents the optimization process for an industrial ventilation system installed inside the sludge dehydration hall from a waste-water treatment plant. High ammonia (NH 3 ) ...concentrations are usually found in such working spaces if the ventilation system is not properly designed. CFD numerical simulations have been used to propose solutions for the current General Ventilation System. PIV measurements on a reduced scale experimental model were realized for the validation of the CFD model. The model was successfully validated using the length of the jet throw as similarity condition. The numerical results have shown a significant decrease in NH 3 values after optimizing the general ventilation system and the solution was implemented to the hall. However, it was concluded that a local exhaust method was still required to ensure better indoor air quality for the workers. A CFD analysis was ran once again to find a local exhaust method suitable for this particular environment.
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in healthcare facilities represents a major problem for the health and safety of the patients and the medical team, especially in critical areas like operating ...rooms (ORs). Another major problem in this area is the thermal comfort which is felt differently by the occupants, due to the different activities that they have or due to the different level of clothing. This paper tries to evaluate, by numeric and experimental approaches, the thermal plume of a surgeon and a patient in order to see the influence of the heat release on the ventilation system efficiency. A good agreement between the CFD studies and the experimental data have emerged. The results of the study show the need of higher velocities (>0.2 m/s) for the intake air in order to reduce the recirculation near the operating table. This is also a validation for many specific documentations of the literature regarding the velocity range.
Inhaled air quality at a reduced supply of clean air was studied by controlling the airflow interaction at the breathing zone of a person using lobed jets as part of personalized ventilation (PV). ...Experiments were performed in a full-scale test room at 23°C (73.4°F) with a breathing thermal manikin seated at a workstation, with realistic free-convection flow around the body and a normal breathing cycle. The air in the room was mixed with tracer gas R134a. Clean air was supplied isothermally from three nozzles with circular, four-leafed clover, and six-edged star openings of 0.025 m (0.08 ft) equivalent diameter. The nozzles were positioned frontally at the face within the boundary layer and centered to the mouth. The enhancement of inhaled air quality by changing the initial velocity (0.2-0.6 m/s, 0.66-1.97 fps) and the distance from the mouth (0.02-0.06 m, 0.07-0.20 ft) was studied. The control over the interaction between the inserted jets and the free convection flow was efficient. Over 80% clean PV air was measured in inhalation. The worst performing nozzle was the four-leafed clover: its best performance yielded 23% clean air inhalation, at the shortest distance and the highest velocity. The other lobed nozzle, the six-edged star, performed similarly to the circular nozzle.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper is presenting the SMARTSENSE project which is a GIS-based solution allows the real time data collection from the sensors network and will simulate data acquisition from virtual sensors in ...order to virtually recreate the entire neighborhood for testing purposes. Several impact parameters will be evaluated, for instance: SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, O 3 , PM10 as well as the solar irradiation. model for the forecasting of the concentrations of pollutants.
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Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain ...Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
This article lays out a framework for assessing the leadership skills in a supply management organization. For such organizations to have significant impact and deliver results to the broader ...company, they need four elements: people with the right skills, the right position in the organization, emphasis on the right sets of activities, and the right processes for applying key skills. This research is based on the idea that leaders’ thinking is different. They were followers, but a certain different mentality associated with specific competencies helped them to overcome the border. It’s very important for the leaders to know to create, but also to manage the expectations. The leaders’ coworkers usually have a high trust in the persons who lead them. But they have to get good results, in order to be able to strengthen their relationships. I believe that the essence of this quote is found in the research carried out within this article.
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