Objectives
Migraine is a common, multifactorial disorder. The exact pathomechanism of migraine remains unclear. Studies have revealed changes in serum prolactin (PRL) levels in relation to migraine, ...although the results have been inconsistent. The present case‐control study assessed the serum level of prolactin in migraine patients.
Materials and methods
In this case‐control study, participants were divided into chronic migraine (CM; n = 39), episodic migraine in ictal (during an attack), and interictal (between attacks) phases (n = 63, n = 37, respectively) along with 30 age‐ and sex‐matched headache‐free controls. After obtaining demographic, anthropometric data, and headache characteristics, blood samples were gathered and analyzed to evaluate the serum levels of prolactin (ng/mL).
Results
A significant difference was observed between the control, CM, and ictal EM, and interictal EM groups. The mean ± SD serum prolactin levels of the chronic migraineurs (1.82 ± 0.94) and those with ictal EM (1.93 ± 1.70) were comparable and were significantly higher than for interictal EM patients (0.82 ± 0.46) and the headache‐free control subjects (0.49 ± 0.15; p < .001). Although the mean serum concentration of prolactin for the interictal EM group tended to be higher than for control individuals, this difference was not statistically significant. The Spearman's correlation test also showed significant correlations between the serum prolactin levels and the number of headaches days among migraineurs.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that there might be an association between increased prolactin concentrations and migraine headache induction and progression. Further detailed and well‐designed studies are needed to confirm the importance of serum prolactin levels in the pathogenesis of migraine headaches.
The present case‐control study assessed the serum level of prolactin in migraine patients. The findings suggest that changes in prolactin levels are related to the pathogenesis of migraine attacks and may contribute to the progression of migraine headaches.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
•Urtica Dioica leaf extract decreased serum level of hs-CRP in patients with IBD.•Urtica Dioica leaf extract increased score of IBDQ-9 in patients with IBD.•Urtica Dioica leaf extract decreased ...platelet count in patients with IBD.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a debilitating, chronic relapsing and remitting condition. Although the exact etiology remains unknown, immune and inflammatory factors and oxidative stress are thought to play an important role in its pathogenesis. This study examined the effects of an Urtica dioica leaf extract on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cells, platelets and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial, conducted on 64 patients with IBD. The participants were divided into a nettle group (n=32) and a placebo group (n=32) by stratified blocked randomization. Subjects received three tablets daily for 12 weeks of either a hydroethanolic nettle extract (400mg) or placebo. Blood levels of hs-CRP, SOD, ESR, platelets, WBC and inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire-9 (IBDQ-9) scores were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study.
59 participants completed the trial (30 in the nettle and 29 in the placebo group). After 12 weeks, serum levels of hs-CRP and platelet count showed a significant reduction in the nettle group compared to the placebo group (p=0.012 and p=0.023 respectively), whereas the level of SOD only increased significantly in the nettle group (p=0.002). The score of IBDQ-9 also increased significantly in the nettle group compared to the placebo group (p<0.001). No significant differences were found in the levels of WBC and ESR between two groups (p=0.754 and p=0.094 respectively).
The present study showed that a hydroethanolic nettle leaf extract can reduce inflammatory markers and platelet count, as well as increase antioxidant enzyme SOD activity and quality of life in patients with IBD. The results suggest that a nettle extract may have therapeutic potential as an adjunctive treatment in IBD and that further clinical studies are warranted.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Background: The B vitamins can potentially help prevent migraine. This study was designed to examine the effects of supplementation with thiamine (B1), pyridoxine (B6), cobalamin (B12), folic acid ...(B9), and a combination of these vitamins on women with episodic migraine (EM).
Methods: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial conducted on 120 women with EM. The participants were divided into the 6 groups of B1 (n = 20), B6 (n = 20), B12 (n = 20), B9 (n = 20), vitamin B complex (n = 20), and placebo (n = 20). Subjects received 1 capsule daily for 12 weeks. As part of the baseline and post-intervention phases, paper-based headache diaries were used to record the number of abortive drugs consumed and the frequency of headache attacks, and the Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire (MIDAS) was used to assess migraine disability.
Results: A 16-week study on women with EM revealed that the mean changes in the frequency of headache attacks decreased significantly in all vitamin groups in comparison with the placebo group (P < 0.001). In contrast to the placebo, there was also a significant improvement in the migraine disability score in each vitamin group (P < 0.001). The 12-week supplementation with vitamins B9, B1, B6, B12, and B complex also brought on a significant decrease in the use of abortive drugs compared to the placebo group (P = 0.032).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that B1, B6, B12, and B9, and a combination of these vitamins could be effective as an adjuvant in treatment and prophylaxis of EM. Further large trials with long-term follow-ups will be required to confirm our results.
Background: B-group vitamins can potentially contribute to migraine prophylaxis through various mechanisms. We conducted a quasi-experimental study to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a ...combination of vitamins B1, B6, and B12 (Neurobion) for prophylaxis of menstruation-related migraine attacks. Methods: Women diagnosed with menstrual-related migraine, both chronic and episodic headaches, were enrolled. The patients began Neurobion therapy one week before the menstruation cycle, and repeated the injection for three consecutive months; each ampoule contained 100 mg of vitamins B1 and B6 as well as 1000 μg of vitamin B12. Neurobion was used as an add-on therapy for patients receiving the same prophylactic therapy during the last two months before the start of the study. The outcome parameter examined the severity of menstrual-related migraine attacks on a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS). Results: Three hundred eighty-three patients (169 with chronic migraine and 214 with episodic migraine) were included in the final analysis. The patients received treatment with a combination of vitamins B1, B6, and B12 with positive results. The mean intensity of menstrual-related migraine attacks was reduced from 6.7 on the 10-point VAS to 3.2 (P < 0.001) in patients with chronic migraine. The mean severity of menstrual-related migraine attacks was also reduced from 7.2 to 3.7 in patients with episodic migraine (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the reduction of headache severity between the two groups of migraineurs (P = 0.985). Conclusions: Neurotropic vitamins, including pyridoxine, thiamine, and cyanocobalamin yielded significant reductions in the severity of menstrual-related migraine attacks. Neurobion as a combination of vitamins B1, B6, and B12 appears to be well-tolerated and beneficial as an adjuvant in treatment and prophylaxis of menstrual-related migraine attacks. Further large-scale trials with long-term follow-up will be required to confirm our results.
Background: Migraine is a chronic medical problem and sometimes progressive disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of headache. Nutritional factors can reduce and prevent the severity and ...frequency of migraine. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between major dietary patterns and disease severity among migraine patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 266 females (18 - 50 years old) who attend neurology clinics of Sina and Khatam Alanbia hospitals, and a professional headache clinic, both in Tehran, Iran, for episodic migraine diagnosis in 2016. The participants’ data was gathered using a general questionnaire and medical history. Dietary intake was assessed using a 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measurements were taken for all cases. visual analog scale (VAS) and migraine disability assessment (MIDAS) questionnaires were used by a neurologist for assessing migraine disability and pain severity, respectively. Also, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify major dietary patterns. The association between dietary patterns and disease severity was evaluated using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Using the PCA, two major dietary patterns, including the healthy and unhealthy diet, were identified. More adherence to the healthy dietary pattern (high in fruits, fruit juices, and dried fruits, vegetables, whole grains, liquid oil, brains, beans, low-fat dairy, and white meat) was associated with a lower VAS score after adjusting for energy intake, BMI, water intake, and increased salt intake (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.96 - 3.44, P-trend < 0.005). The intensity of migraine headache increased by 82% in the lowest adherence to this pattern compared to the most adherence. There was no significant association between healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns with MIDAS before and after controlling for confounding variables. Conclusions: This study showed that adherence to a healthy dietary pattern reduces the severity of pain in migraine patients. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between the unhealthy dietary pattern and the severity of migraine symptoms.
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