This research is concerned with the peristaltic flow of third order nanofluid in an asymmetric channel. The governing equations of third order nanofluid are modelled in wave frame of reference. ...Effect of induced magnetic field is considered. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number situation is tackled. Numerical solutions of the governing problem are computed and analyzed. The effects of Brownian motion and thermophoretic diffusion of nano particles are particularly emphasized. Physical quantities such as velocity, pressure rise, temperature, induced magnetic field and concentration distributions are discussed.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This research investigates whether thinking about the consequences of a problem being resolved can improve social problem-solving in clinical depression. We also explore whether impaired social ...problem solving is related to inhibitory control. Thirty-six depressed and 43 non-depressed participants were presented with six social problems and were asked to generate consequences for the problems being resolved or remaining unresolved. Participants were then asked to solve the problems and recall all the consequences initially generated. Participants also completed the Emotional Stroop and Flanker tasks. We found that whilst depressed participants were impaired at social problem-solving after generating unresolved consequences, they were successful at generating solutions for problems for which they previously generated resolved consequences. Depressed participants were also impaired on the Stroop task, providing support for an impaired inhibitory control account of social problem-solving. These findings advance our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning social problem-solving in depression and may contribute to the development of new therapeutic interventions to improve social-problem solving in depression.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This research is devoted to the peristaltic flow of Eyring-Powell nanofluid in an asymmetric channel. Robins-type (convective) boundary conditions are employed in the presence of mixed convection and ...magnetic field. The basic equations of Eyring-Powell nanofluid are modeled in wave frame of reference. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number approach is utilized. Numerical solution of the governing problem is computed and analyzed. The effects of various parameters of interest on the velocity, pressure rise, concentration and temperature are discussed and illustrated graphically. Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter facilitates the increase in temperature of fluid. Biot numbers serve to reduce the temperature at channel walls.
The Funding Statement should read: "This is to certify that this work is not funded through any external source/research organization including industry etc." Citation: Noreen S (2013) Correction: ...Mixed Convection Peristaltic Flow of Third Order Nanofluid with an Induced Magnetic Field.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Mangifera indica kernel was used for bio-composite preparation.•The bio-composite was used for Cr(VI) adsorption.•Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics studies were ...performed.•Prepared biomass can be regenerated using NaOH as desorption agent.•At optimized conditions of process variables, 320.07mg/g Cr(VI) adsorption was achieved.
Bio-composite of mango (Mangifera indica) was prepared and employed for Cr(VI) adsorption from aqueous media. The effect of various process variables i.e., pH, Cr(VI) ions initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature were optimized. The optimum levels of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial Cr(VI) ions concentration and temperature were 3, 0.05g, 30min, 200mg/L and 33°C, respectively for maximum Cr(VI) adsorption on to bio-composite. Isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich and Harkins-Jura) and kinetic models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second–order) and intraparticle diffusion model were applied to understand the adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI). Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm fitted well to the Cr(VI) adsorption data. Composite pre-treatment with surfactants and co-metal ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Al3+ and Fe3+) affected the Cr(VI) adsorption slightly. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0) revealed that the Cr(VI) adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Cr(VI) desorption was achieved using NaOH solution efficiently, which revealed the recycling possibility of prepared composite. From results, it can be concluded that bio-composite is efficient for Cr(VI) adsorption and could be employed for Cr(VI) removal from industrial effluents.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Adsorption is one of the promising techniques for the remediation of wastewater and it also offers advantages such as low cost, availability of the adsorbent and ease in operation. The wastewater ...treatment using smart materials gained much attention and the present investigation evaluated the adsorption efficiencies of ZnO, MgO and FeO for the removal of Direct Sky Blue (DSB) dye. The adsorption affecting parameters, i.e., effect of adsorbent dose, pH, concentration of dye, temperature and contact time were studied in association with dye adsorption. The effect of electrolytes and surfactants was also studied on dye adsorption. The dye adsorption data was analysed using various kinetics parameters, isotherms and thermodynamics models. The maximum adsorption capacities of MgO, FeO and ZnO were recorded to be 46.7, 42.9 and 40.9 mg/g, respectively at the pH 2, adsorbent dose 0.05 g, contact time 75 min, 40 °C and 70 mg/L initial concentration of the dye. The dye adsorption onto MgO followed a Langmuir isotherm, while ZnO followed Temkin isotherm. Langmuir and Temkin isotherms were satisfactory in the case of FeO. Pseudo second order best explained the dye adsorption kinetics. The thermodynamics studies revealed non-spontaneous adsorption of DSB dye onto ZnO, MgO and FeO. In view of promising efficiency, the ZnO, MgO and FeO have potential to apply for dyes adsorption from textile wastewater.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Textile sector is one of the major industries responsible for water pollution and the remediation of dyes is necessary to safe guard the water resources. Adsorption using nanoadsorbents have been ...emerged as one of viable techniques to eliminate the dyes from wastewater. Iron oxide was prepared via green route using Fan palm (F.P), Dombeya wallichii (D.W) and Pyrus comminis (P.C) as a reducing, capping and stabilizing agents. The adsorption of anionic dye using nanoadsorbents was studied and pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature and concentration of dye were optimized. The maximum dye adsorption was achieved at pH 3, 0.01g/50mL adsorbent dose, 200mg/L initial concentration at 65°C. Thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption on to nanoadsorbents was an endothermic process. Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order fitted well to the dye adsorption data. The presence of detergents and surfactants affected the dye adsorption on to nanoadsorbents. Efficient desorption was attained using 0.5N sodium hydroxide. Results revealed that iron oxide prepared via green route is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of anionic dye and could possibly be used for the remediation of textile effluents.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine if natural and induced dysphoria is associated with impaired forgetting and, whether a thought-substitution strategy would ameliorate any observed ...deficits. Study 1: 36 dysphoric & 36 non-dysphoric participants learnt a series of emotional word pairs. Participants were subsequently presented with some of the cues and were asked to recall the targets or prevent the targets from coming to mind. Half of the participants were provided with substitute words to recall instead of the original targets (aided suppression). At final memory testing, participants were asked to recall the targets to all cues. Dysphoric participants exhibited impaired forgetting, even when using a thought substitution strategy. Non-dysphoric participants, however, were able to use substitutes to suppress words. Study 2: 50 healthy participants initially completed the aided condition of the forgetting task. Participants were then given a positive or negative mood-induction, followed by another version of the forgetting task. Although all participants showed a forgetting effect prior to the mood-induction, only the positive group was successful at forgetting after the mood induction. Taken together, these findings do not support the utility of thought-substitution as an aid to forgetting in individuals in a naturally or induced dysphoric mood. Word Count: 199
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Industrial waste contains numerous organic dyes, which have become a significant concern in contemporary times. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl alcohol/sodium ...alginate copper-doped zinc oxide nanocomposite (NC), and polyvinyl alcohol/starch copper-doped zinc oxide nanocomposite hydrogel (HG) were synthesized. The characterization study through SEM, BET, and XRD showed good porosity, specific surface area, and successful formation of materials, while FTIR study confirmed efficient adsorption of dye. The results showed that 5.4, 5.8, and 6.7 pH at pH
pzc
were found for PVA/SA/HG, PVA/SA/NC/HG, and PVA/starch/NC/HG, respectively. The batch study was performed under optimal conditions (adsorbent dose of 0.05 g, acidic pH 2 and 3, contact time 60 min, temperature 30 °C, shaking speed 120 rpm, and dye concentration of 50 mg/L) to get maximum removal efficiency. The maximum adsorption capacity of polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/hydrogel was 52.1 mg/g and for polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/nanocomposite hydrogel 67.98 mg/g, while for polyvinyl alcohol/starch/nanocomposite hydrogel it was found out to be 59.86 mg/g. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-first-order kinetic models were best fitted. Thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process which exhibits removal of acidic dye reactions is exothermic in nature. The impact of detergents and surfactants on adsorption revealed that detergents decrease the adsorption capacity, while electrolytes showed that the adsorption potential of all selected acidic dye hydrogels decreased as the electrolyte concentration increased. The desorption experimental results indicated that the maximum desorption occurred at a NaOH concentration of 0.4 M. In summary, the synthesized hydrogels are promising as potential adsorbents for wastewater treatment.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Wastewater generation and treatment is an ever-increasing concern in the current century due to increased urbanization and industrialization. To tackle the situation of increasing environmental ...hazards, numerous wastewater treatment approaches are used—i.e., physical, chemical, and biological (primary to tertiary treatment) methods. Various treatment techniques being used have the risks of producing secondary pollutants. The most promising technique is the use of different materials as adsorbents that have a higher efficacy in treating wastewater, with a minimal production of secondary pollutants. Biosorption is a key process that is highly efficient and cost-effective. This method majorly uses the adsorption process/mechanism for toxicant removal from wastewater. This review elaborates the major agricultural and non-agricultural materials-based sorbents that have been used with their possible mechanisms of pollutant removal. Moreover, this creates a better understanding of how the efficacy of these sorbents can be enhanced by modification or treatments with other substances. This review also explains the re-usability and mechanisms of the used adsorbents and/or their disposal in a safe and environmentally friendly way, along with highlighting the major research gaps and potential future research directions. Additionally, the cost benefit ratio of adsorbents is elucidated.
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