Couple Dynamics Novakovic, Aleksandra
2016, 20180424, 2015, 2018-04-24
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This book presents psychoanalytic thinking about the phenomenon of the couple and couple dynamics in internal and external reality and at different levels of organisation: the 'couple' in the ...individual's internal world, the dynamics between partners in a couple relationship, and the dynamics between the couple and the group. These different fields of observation shift the focus between the figure and the ground, from the 'couple' in the individual and the individuals in the couple, to the couple in the group. Contributors bring different perspectives from theory and their therapeutic practice about how these multiple levels influence and constitute each other. Contributors: Andrew Balfour, Ronald Britton, William Halton, David Hewison, R. D. Hinshelwood, Otto Kernberg, Richard Morgan-Jones, Aleksandra Novakovic, Jenny Sprince, David Vincent
Cardioprotective abilities of procyanidins, might, at least in part, attribute to their vasodilator properties. The present study was undertaken to assess the vasorelaxant effect of procyanidin B2 on ...isolated human saphenous vein (HSV) and its underlying mechanisms. Procyanidin B2 relaxed phenylephrine-induced contraction of HSV rings in concentration-dependent manner. The relaxation was dependent on the presence of endothelium and was strongly affected by l-NAME, hydroxocobalamin or ODQ, the inhibitors of NO/cGMP pathway. Indomethacin significantly affected only the relaxation produced by the highest concentrations of procyanidin B2. Apamin and TRAM-34 combination, in the presence of l-NAME and indomethacin, did not additionally decreased procyanidin B2-induced relaxation. In the presence of K+ channel blockers, relaxation induced by procyanidin B2 was partially attenuated by 4-aminopyridine, significantly inhibited by glibenclamide and almost abolished by iberiotoxin. Procyanidin B2 also relaxed the contractions induced by phenylephrine or caffeine in Ca2+-free solution. Finally, nifedipine slightly, while thapsigargin strongly antagonized HSV relaxation. Our results indicate that procyanidin B2 induces endothelium-dependent relaxation of HSV, which results primarily from stimulation of NO production, as well K+ channels opening, especially BKCa, and partially KATP and KV. Regulation of the intracellular Ca2+ release and inhibition of Ca2+ influx probably contribute to procyanidin B2-induced relaxation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This paper represents the melissopalynological analysis, physicochemical characteristics (moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, free acidity, glucose, fructose, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and ...colour parameters), polyphenol profile, and sensory properties of Rtanj honey samples (76) harvested during 2019–2021 from different locations in the Rtanj Mountain region (eastern Serbia) with the aim to 1) characterise this meadow honey and 2) obtain markers for its differentiating within the geographical origin protection. The melissopalynological analysis of Rtanj honey revealed many types of pollen, of which the most important belong to the Rosaceae family, especially the Sorbus group. A relatively low value of the colour parameter L* (22.7 ± 0.19–59.8 ± 1.75), the positive a* value of 1.55 ± 0.07–22.3 ± 1.36, and a high content of K (996 ± 376 mg/kg) can be used as markers for its geographical origin authentication, which was confirmed using principal component analysis (PCA). The phenolic profile was evaluated based on the quantification of epicatechin (0.077 ± 0.005 mg/kg), p-coumaric acid (0.316 ± 0.004 mg/kg), ferulic acid (0.524 ± 0.002 mg/kg), naringenin (3.386 ± 0.011 mg/kg), luteolin (0.022 ± 0.006 mg/kg), kaempferol (0.628 ± 0.010 mg/kg), and apigenin (0.120 ± 0.002 mg/kg) using high performance liquid chromatography. The colour of Rtanj honey samples varied from extra white to light amber.
•Rtanj honey samples (76) harvested during 2019–2021 were investigated.•The melissopalynological analysis revealed 106 types of pollen.•The physicochemical parameters and phenolic profile of Rtanj honey samples were determined.•The sensory profile of Rtanj honey was defined.•L*, a*, and K may be the markers for its geographical origin authentication.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Many lignicolous mushroom species are used as a food supplement and may represent an alternative treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to evaluate acetylcholinesterase inhibition ...(AChEI) of Stereum hirsutum together with antioxidant activity (AO) and cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells. Different extracts (water, ethanol, methanol, polysaccharide) were analyzed, with respect to their mineral composition and chemical content.
Ethanol extract was the most potent in AChEI (98.44 %) and demonstrated cytotoxic activity (91.96 % at 900.00 μg/mL), while the highest AO was demonstrated for polar extracts (methanol and water) as well. These activities may be attributed to determined phenolics (hydroxybenzoic and quinic acid) and fatty acids (FA), while biflavonoid amentoflavone may be responsible for cytotoxic activity. The most prevalent FA was linoleic (40.00 %) and the domination of unsaturated FA (UFA) (71.91 %) over saturated (26.96 %) was observed.
This is the first report of AChEI of S. hirsutum extracts and first detection of amentoflavone. Due to high amount of UFA and well‐expressed AChEI, this species can be considered as a potent food supplement in the palliative therapy of AD.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study, we aimed to investigate relaxant effect of flavanol (−)‐epicatechin on the isolated human saphenous vein (HSV), as a part of its cardioprotective action, and to define the mechanisms ...underlying this vasorelaxation. (−)‐Epicatechin induced a concentration‐dependent relaxation of HSV pre‐contracted by phenylephrine. Among K+ channel blockers, 4‐aminopyridine, margatoxin, and iberiotoxin significantly inhibited relaxation of HSV, while glibenclamide considerably reduced effects of the high concentrations of (−)‐epicatechin. Additionally, (−)‐epicatechin relaxed contraction induced by 80 mM K+, whereas in the presence of nifedipine produced partial relaxation of HSV rings pre‐contracted by phenylephrine. In Ca2+‐free solution, (−)‐epicatechin relaxed contraction induced by phenylephrine, but had no effect on contraction induced by caffeine. A sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin, significantly reduced relaxation of HSV produced by (−)‐epicatechin. These results demonstrate that (−)‐epicatechin produces endothelium‐independent relaxation of isolated HSV rings. Vasorelaxation to (−)‐epicatechin probably involves activation of 4‐aminopyridine‐ and margatoxin‐sensitive KV channels, BKCa channels, and at least partly, KATP channels. In addition, not only the inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ influx, but regulation of the intracellular Ca2+ release, via inositol‐trisphosphate receptors and reuptake into sarcoplasmic reticulum, via stimulation of Ca2+‐ATPase, as well, most likely participate in (−)‐epicatechin‐induced relaxation of HSV.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Release of potassium (K) during biomass combustion, may cause significant operating problems in terms of ash deposition and high-temperature corrosion of superheater tubes. Other ash-forming ...elements, such as calcium (Ca), silicon (Si), and phosphorus (P), may to a certain degree control the K release. The aim of this work was to study the release of K from simple systems, to obtain information on the retaining effects of the elements Ca, Si, and P. Further objectives were to investigate the effects of temperature, the presence of water vapor, the speciation of K and Ca, and the sample size on the release rate of K, from the simple ternary systems K−Ca−Si and K−Ca−P. Well-defined mixtures of K, Ca, and Si (or P) species were heat-treated in a reactor, at constant temperature (900 or 1000 °C), in a gas flow of 4 nL/min N2 containing 2% (v/v) H2O. Average release rates were calculated from weight measurements of the samples after every 15 min of the heat treatment (and subsequent cooling to room temperature). The presence of water in the gas flow was found to significantly enhance the K-release rate, from both the K−Ca−Si system and the K−Ca−P system. For the K−Ca−Si system, a significantly higher release rate was observed at 1000 °C compared to 900 °C. Furthermore, doubling the Ca/Si molar ratio K2CO3−CaO−SiO2 mixture strongly enhanced the K-release rate (by about 2 times) at 1000 °C. This suggests that SiO2 preferentially reacts with CaO, so that more K is being released to the gas phase instead of being incorporated into the silicate structure. For the K−Ca−P system, with K2CO3 as the K source, the Ca/P molar ratio had a strong effect on the K-release rate: a decrease in the Ca/P molar ratio (or increase in the P content) significantly decreased the K-release rate from the K−Ca−P mixtures. As opposed to the K−Ca−Si system, it thus seems that K is preferentially incorporated in (nonvolatile) (K2O) k ·(CaO) l ·(P2O5) m structures. The effects of temperature and Ca source on the K-release rate from this system were limited but most pronounced for the mixtures with the highest Ca/P ratio (lowest P content). Furthermore, the sample size had a strong influence on the K-release rate. In the case of K−Ca−P mixtures containing KCl as the K source, the K-release rate was significantly higher at 1000 °C compared to 900 °C in the first 15 min of the heat treatment, whereas the Ca/P ratio had no effect on the K-release rate. Selected samples of the K−Ca−Si and K−Ca−P mixtures, before and after the heat treatment, were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), to investigate the morphological and compositional changes. Moreover, selected samples of the K−Ca−P mixtures were heated from room temperature to 1400 °C, in a simultaneous thermal analyzer (STA), to investigate the melting and gas-phase release behavior. Both methods confirmed the effects of the Ca/Si and Ca/P ratios and the speciation of K and Ca on the release behavior observed in the heating experiments.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
This paper presents the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidative, antibacterial and antiproliferative effects of nineteen samples of different honey types (acacia, linden, heather, ...sunflower, phacelia, basil, anise, sage, chestnut, hawthorn, lavender and meadow) collected from different locations in the Western Balkans (Republic of Serbia, Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Northern Macedonia). Physicochemical parameters (moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, free acidity, and hydroxymethylfurfural HMF) were analysed. Based on the obtained results, all tested honey samples were in agreement with EU regulation. The antioxidant potential of honey samples was assessed by determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and evaluation of scavenging activity towards diphenilpicrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH·). The highest phenolic content was found in basil honey (101 ± 2.72 mg GAE/100 g), while the lowest was registered in rapeseed honey (11.5 ± 0.70 mg GAE/100 g). Heather, anise, phacelia, sage, chestnut and lavender honey samples were also rich in TP, containing 80−100 mg GAE/100 g. DPPH scavenging activity varied among the samples being the highest for lavender honey (IC50 = 88.2 ± 2.11 mg/mL) and the lowest for rapeseed honey (IC50 = 646 ± 8.72 mg/mL). Antibacterial activity was estimated in vitro using agar diffusion tests and measuring minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Among investigated bacterial strains following resistant potencies were determined: Escherichia coli > Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 > Enterococcus faecalis > Proteus mirabilis > Staphylococcus aureus > Staphylococcus epidermidis. The linden honey from Fruška Gora (MIC values of 3.12% and 6.25% against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively) and phacelia honey (MIC values of 6.25% and 3.12% against S.Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively) showed the strongest antibacterial activity. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated using the colorimetric sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The highest antiproliferative activity was obtained from linden honey sample 1 (IC50MCF7 = 7.46 ± 1.18 mg/mL and IC50HeLa =12.4 ± 2.00 mg/mL) and meadow sample 2 (IC50MCF7 = 12.0 ± 0.57 mg/mL, IC50HeLa = 16.9 ± 1.54 mg/mL and IC50HT−29 = 23.7 ± 1.33 mg/mL) towards breast (MCF7), cervix (HeLa) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Active components other than sugars contributed to cell growth activity.
This book centres on the problem of psychosis, understood from a psychoanalytic perspective, as it manifests itself in different contexts and different levels of organisation: from the individual ...psychoanalytic session, through work with couples, groups and institutions and wider levels of social organisation. Beginning with a discussion of the psychoanalytic apporach to psychosis centring on the work of Freud, Klein and the Post-Kleinians, it goes on to cover individual, couple and group therapy with psychotic patients. It draws on clinical material and theoretical discussion to explore the links between psychotic processes on different levels. This work is aimed at different professionals working within the psychodynamic frame of reference: individual psychotherapists, couple and family and group psychotherapists; organisational consultants and trainees in different therapies. As well as this it will be a useful resource to nurses, doctors and social workers who work with very disturbed patients and wish to learn about psychotic processes.
The objective of this study was to identify consumers’ attitudes about the consumption and certification of traditional food products, special characteristics to which they pay attention when buying ...food products, and their opinions regarding what traditional food products are to them. The research was based on an online questionnaire conducted on a sample of 540 respondents in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The results showed that 98.3% of the respondents consume traditional food products in their households, 95.2% of the consumers decide to buy food products based on their quality, and 68.2% of the consumers believe that certain types of certification can improve product placement on the market. The specific characteristics that consumers mostly prioritize when buying food products are products with no added sugar (41.2%), traditional production processes (38.8%), GMO-free products (36.9%), organic products (36.4%), and additive-free products (34.9%). The results of this research indicate that consumers primarily perceive traditional food products as items produced using traditional methods (72.8%), characterized by the absence of additives (53.2%), specific to a certain geographic area (49.9%), sourced from small farms or facilities (49.5%), and products with long production tradition (49%).
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