Kompresivna fraktura kralješka jedan je od vodećih uzroka invaliditeta i morbiditeta kod starijih osoba. Osteoporoza predstavlja najčešći uzrok kompresivnih fraktura, uz metastatsku bolest, multipli ...mijelom, traumu i hemangiome. Posljedice osteoporotskih fraktura uključuju bol i otežanu pokretljivost, a često dovode i do progresivnoga kolapsa trupa kralješka s deformitetom. Sve to značajno utječe na kvalitetu života pa čak i na dugoročno preživljenje pacijenata. Iako su često pacijenti s kompresivnim frakturama konzervativno liječeni, sve se češće indicira primjena minimalno invazivnih perkutanih augmentacijskih metoda liječenja kompresivnih fraktura koje uključuju vertebroplastiku i kifoplastiku. Ove se metode koriste slikovnim radiološkim navođenjem s pomoću dijaskopije ili CT-a kako bi se precizno, uz što manji rizik, postavio cement (polimetilmetakrilat) transpedikularnim pristupom u trup kralješka, s ciljem terapije boli i stabilizacije kompresivnih fraktura.
During the reign of Peter I, the Republic of Venice and the Russian Empire cooperated in various fields. Primarily, however, they fortified their maritime relations, with subjects of Serenissima ...playing a major role in the creation of the modern Russian navy, passing on their knowledge and experience. Of these Venetian subjects, those from the eastern Adriatic coast were the most prominent, among whom was Matija Zmajevic (1680–1735), a representative of an influential seafaring family from Perast in the Bay of Kotor. Matija served in Russia during the reign of Peter the Great and his successors, reaching the rank of admiral and laying the foundation for the subsequent establishment of the Russian Black Sea fleet. The article introduces new archival information about his interesting and controversial personality, based on documents from the Karaman family's collection in the State Archives in Zadar. Members of the Karaman family were related to Zmajević, with especially close relations between Matija and his brother Vicko Zmajević with Matej Karaman, who himself lived in Russia for some time and left valuable written testimony about that period. The review of the works on this topic and analysis of materials from the aforementioned collection aims at encouraging historians to conduct further research into the life and works of Admiral Matija Zmajević.
Alternative technologies in combination with thermal power plant allow the production of heat, electricity and hydrogen using renewable energy sources in combination with gas or coal, as a very ...important energy source in traditional energy engineering in Slovenia. The technologies aim, inter alia, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase the use of renewable energy sources and take a step forward to the production of hydrogen as an alternative energy source in numerous applications. In view of the estimated demand for heat, electricity and hydrogen in the Savinja-Šalek region, Slovenia, the technologies to meet such demand are proposed in this article from a technical perspective. An energy and economic analysis of the operation of the Thermal Power Plant (TPP) will be done. The TPP is operating in a variable operating regime. The possibility of stationary operation of the power plant will be analysed, the surplus of produced electricity will be used for the hydrogen production. The process is based on the Rankine-Clausius cycle (RC) with dual superheating using water or steam as the working media. The idea in this article, is to generate in the above mentioned facility as much hydrogen, heat, cold and electricity as needed by the Savinja-Šalek region in industry, transport, etc. Thus, the power plant could operate optimally, constantly at 100% of power, which would allow simultaneous production of electricity, heat and hydrogen. Hydrogen could be used for sale on the market or for the electricity production or for heating. Hydrogen could be produced via electrolysis or thermochemical process. In the second part of article, the analysis of RC with concentrated solar energy and wood chips was analysed.
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Višestoljetne veze dviju jadranskih obala rezultirale su razmjenom iskustava na brojnim razinama, a kulturna djelatnost u tom je smislu svakako nezanemariva. U ovom se radu kroz specifičan aspekt ...konzumiranja kulture u gradu Zadru, na temelju čitalačkih navika jednoga od njegovih istaknutih stanovnika, gradskoga plemića i učenjaka Šimuna Ljubavca (1608. – 1663.), prikazuju intelektualne preokupacije društvenih elita na prostoru istočnoga Jadrana. Analizom inventara Ljubavčevih dobara, koji uz ostalo otkriva i njegovu bogatu privatnu knjižnicu, čitalački afiniteti ovoga učenjaka poslužit će kao paradigma za bolje poznavanje opće kulture čitanja na istočnojadranskom prostoru i definiranje njegove pozicije na relaciji kulturnih središta i periferija onovremenoga Sredozemlja.
Centuries-long connections between the two Adriatic coasts have resulted in vivid exchange of experiences, with cultural activity being one of their essential components. The aim of this paper is to use the specific aspect of culture consumption to see how cultural life in the city of Zadar, as the centre of the Venetian Province of Dalmatia and Albania, functioned in the mid-17th century, during the long Candian War (1645-1669), which proved exhausting for both warring parties – the Venetian Republic and the Ottoman Empire. Based on the reading habits of a prominent resident of Zadar, the wealthy nobleman and scholar Šimun Ljubavac (1608-1663), the paper discusses the intellectual preoccupations of the social elites in the Eastern Adriatic. As a lawyer, historian, and typical polymath of his time, Ljubavac owned a rich private library with some four hundred titles from various fields of sciences and arts, from ancient to modern authors. An inventory of his library was put together after his death and is today preserved in the State Archive in Zadar. Although such inventories are rare, which hinders a detailed comparative analysis, Ljubavac can be taken as a paradigmatic case to make conclusions about the extent to which Dalmatian scholars were able to follow the main trends in sciences and arts, which may help define the general role of the Eastern Adriatic among the cultural centres and peripheries of the Mediterranean and Europe during the given period.
Centuries-long connections between the two Adriatic coasts have resulted in vivid exchange of experiences, with cultural activity being one of their essential components. The aim of this paper is to ...use the specific aspect of culture consumption to see how cultural life in the city of Zadar, as the centre of the Venetian Province of Dalmatia and Albania, functioned in the mid-17th century, during the long Candian War (1645-1669), which proved exhausting for both warring parties – the Venetian Republic and the Ottoman Empire. Based on the reading habits of a prominent resident of Zadar, the wealthy nobleman and scholar Šimun Ljubavac (1608-1663), the paper discusses the intellectual preoccupations of the social elites in the Eastern Adriatic. As a lawyer, historian, and typical polymath of his time, Ljubavac owned a rich private library with some four hundred titles from various fields of sciences and arts, from ancient to modern authors. An inventory of his library was put together after his death and is today preserved in the State Archive in Zadar. Although such inventories are rare, which hinders a detailed comparative analysis, Ljubavac can be taken as a paradigmatic case to make conclusions about the extent to which Dalmatian scholars were able to follow the main trends in sciences and arts, which may help define the general role of the Eastern Adriatic among the cultural centres and peripheries of the Mediterranean and Europe during the given period.
This is the ninth in a series of articles to help readers increase their knowledge, and in the process, enhance their skill and confidence in appraising, synthesizing, interpreting, and ultimately, ...deciding if a given piece of evidence should be incorporated into practice. This article describes four non-probability (non-random) sampling designs researchers use in selecting a study sample.
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U radu se analizira cirkulacija pravnog znanja u akademskim krugovima Habsburške Monarhije na kraju 18. i početku 19. stoljeća na primjeru pravnika Vinka Kalafatića i Pavla Antuna Markovića, prvih ...profesora na Katedri za prirodno, opće javno i međunarodno pravo na Kraljevskoj akademiji znanosti u Zagrebu. Istraživački fokus rada smješta se na radove navedenih profesora i analizu njihovog sadržaja, osobito na modifikacije ideja unutar propedeutičke literature, u prvom redu tiskanih ispitnih materijala, uobičajeno naslovljenih Tentamen publicum. Nadalje, uočavanjem sličnosti i razlika u strukturi njihovih tekstova, upućuje se na mogućnost detekcije cirkulacije znanja putem kvantitativne analize podataka pomoću alata za digitalnu obradu teksta. Takav pristup rezultat je metodološkog modela čitanja “iz daljine”, kojim se nastoji ukazati na važnost strukturalne i pojmovne analize izvornih tekstova u svrhu detekcije modifikacija pravnih spoznaja nastalih autorskim odabirom u procesu cirkulacije znanja.
Based on the original archival material of the Gračani – Remete administrative municipality, parish annals and school records, this paper holds analyses of health and hygiene conditions of the Zagreb ...– Prigorje region. The analysis includes the period from before World War I until the end of the Interwar period and the start of World War II. Settlements on the south side of Medvednica have, in the first half of the 20th century, always had a distinct rural character, but due to the vicinity of Zagreb, had gradually started accepting an urban pattern of behavior, along with the modernization it brought along. It then reflected as infrastructural development, primarily the electrification of certain villages, as well as the introduction of water supply networks. The construction of brick houses and a gradual introduction of certain minimum hygiene standards brought along living condition improvements. The meteorological conditions influenced agriculture and cattle breeding and thus the residents’ diet. The city’s vicinity favored increased healthcare, which was especially evident in the 30s, when health municipalities started to function, and when the local electrification of certain villages, as well as the introduction of water supply networks. The construction of brick houses and a gradual introduction of certain minimum hygiene standards brought along living condition improvements. The meteorological conditions influenced agriculture and cattle breeding and thus the residents’ diet. The city’s vicinity favored increased healthcare, which was especially evident in the 30s, when health municipalities started to function, and when the local populace developed a trust towards conventional medicine and doctors. Tradition in general, and traditional medicine, however, still had a strong influence and was present as an everyday means of treatment, especially in older generations. In accordance with the above, it can be concluded that the general state of health in the Zagreb – Prigorje region and the hygiene habits of its residents were being improved at the end of the Interwar period.
The villages of the Zagreb Foothills, located on the southern slopes of Mount Medvednica, experienced the first hints of changes in the period between the world wars. These changes encompassed the ...electrification of certain villages and the partial construction of a water supply network. The economic interdependence of the nearby settlements to the north of Zagreb and the city itself slowly transformed the peasants of the foothill villages into peasant-workers, and then into citizens of Zagreb. After World War II and the annexation of the former villages to the City of Zagreb, the urbanisation processes increasingly influenced family units, their economy, everyday life, and customs. Thus, in the 1960s, a complete transformation of the rural area took place, and it became part of the urban complex. The socio-economic processes that permeated Yugoslavia in that period, the gradual liberalisation of the market and the creation of a consumer society, created among the former peasants a desire to adopt the urban culture and lifestyle. Abandonment of agriculture and animal husbandry, permanent employment in the city, and increased purchasing power allowed the families of the northern city periphery to buy household appliances such as television sets, washing machines, and refrigerators. Everyday life became easier and more leisurely, but severed a series of old social ties and permanently transformed the villages of the Zagreb Foothills into an integral part of the City of Zagreb.
This is the eighth in a series of articles to help readers increase their knowledge, and in the process, enhance their skill and confidence in appraising, synthesizing, interpreting, and ultimately, ...deciding if a given piece of evidence should be incorporated into practice. This article defines and discusses the importance of sampling and describes four probability (random) sampling designs researchers use to select a study sample.
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