Objetivos.
Describir el estado actual de la población de personas de 60 años o más de Colombia, y determinar el índice de envejecimiento activo (IEA) y sus dominios.
Métodos.
A partir de los datos ...recolectados durante la Encuesta Nacional de Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento realizada en Colombia en 2015 (SABE Colombia 2015), se calculó el IEA para Colombia, según la metodología elaborada para calcular el IEA para los países de la Unión Europea y sus cuatro dominios, adaptados a los datos que ofrece la encuesta y el contexto colombianos.
Resultados.
El IEA para Colombia es de 37,4. Se observó una alta empleabilidad en las personas mayores colombianas, pero el mayor porcentaje de empleos se encuentra dentro del sector informal. Un bajo porcentaje de las personas mayores tiene actividades en grupos políticos, sindicales o que impliquen tomar decisiones de impacto para la sociedad y el país. El hecho de que la gran mayoría de las personas mayores de Colombia tiene una adecuada funcionalidad, abre las posibilidades para elevar su desempeño de acuerdo con los determinantes del envejecimiento activo.
Conclusiones.
Se presenta una primera aproximación diagnóstica real de la situación de las personas mayores en Colombia y sus posibilidades de transitar por un envejecimiento activo. Se deben modificar las políticas públicas para cerrar las brechas identificadas y elevar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores mediante la oferta de mejores oportunidades que les permitan optar por una adecuada remuneración y una mejor calidad de vida. Se debe cambiar de una visión de servicios centrados en la enfermedad a nuevos enfoques basados en la promoción de la salud y la prevención de la discapacidad.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an intestinal disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and affects Mexico's swine industry. Despite the disease initially being described in ...Mexico in 2013, there has been no research into the virus's seroepidemiology carried out in Mexico. Thus, the goal of this study was to develop an indirect ELISA (iELISA) based on a recombinant N-terminal domain truncated spike (S) protein (
NTD-S) of PEDV to evaluate serum obtained from different pig-producing states in Mexico. A total of 1054 sera were collected from pig farms, slaughterhouses, and backyard production in the states of Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Morelos, Queretaro, Sinaloa, and Veracruz between 2019 and 2021. The
NTD-S protein was expressed in
BL21 (DE3) cells. Negative and positive serum samples used in the iELISA were previously tested by Western blot. According to our findings, 61.66% of the serum samples (650/1054) were positive, with Jalisco having the highest percentage of positive samples, at a rate of 21.44% (226/1054). This is the first seroepidemiology study of PEDV carried out in Mexico, revealing that the virus is still circulating since the initial outbreak; furthermore, it provides an overview of PEDV's spread and high level of persistence across the country's key swine-producing states.
Dendrimers are multifunctional molecules with well‐defined size and structure due to the step‐by‐step synthetic procedures required in their preparation. Dendritic constructs based on carbosilane ...scaffolds present carbon–carbon and carbon–silicon bonds, which results in stable, lipophilic, inert, and flexible structures. These properties are highly appreciated in different areas, including the pharmaceutical field, as they can increase the interaction with cell membranes and improve the therapeutic action. This article summarizes the most recent advances in the pharmaceutical applications of carbosilane dendritic molecules, from therapeutics to diagnostics and prevention tools. Dendrimers decorated with cationic, anionic, or other moieties, including metallodendrimers; supramolecular assemblies; dendronized nanoparticles and surfaces; as well as dendritic networks like hydrogels are described. The collected examples confirm the potential of carbosilane dendrimers and dendritic materials as antiviral or antibacterial agents; in therapy against cancer, neurodegenerative disease, or oxidative stress; or many other biomedical applications.
This article is categorized under:
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Carbosilane dendritic systems are unique tools for the therapy, prevention, and diagnosis of multiple diseases. They can be precisely designed for the specific purpose, thus maximizing the biological activity.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The COVID-19 pandemic showed more deeply the need of our society to provide new therapeutic strategies to fight infectious diseases, not only against currently known illnesses, where common ...antibiotics and drugs appear to be not fully effective, but also against new infectious threats that may arise ....
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Copper carbosilane metallodendrimers containing chloride ligands and nitrate ligands were mixed with commercially available conventional anticancer drugs, doxorubicin, methotrexate and ...5-fluorouracil, for a possible therapeutic system. To verify the hypothesis that copper metallodendrimers can form conjugates with anticancer drugs, their complexes were biophysically characterized using zeta potential and zeta size methods. Next, to confirm the existence of a synergetic effect of dendrimers and drugs, in vitro studies were performed. The combination therapy has been applied in two cancer cell lines: MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) and HepG2 (human liver carcinoma cell line). The doxorubicin (DOX), methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were more effective against cancer cells when conjugated with copper metallodendrimers. Such combination significantly decreased cancer cell viability when compared to noncomplexed drugs or dendrimers. The incubation of cells with drug/dendrimer complexes resulted in the increase of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the depolarization of mitochondrial membranes. Copper ions present in the dendrimer structures enhanced the anticancer properties of the whole nanosystem and improved drug effects, inducing both the apoptosis and necrosis of MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) and HepG2 (human liver carcinoma cell line) cancer cells.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose
To determine clinical predictors associated with corticosteroid administration and its association with ICU mortality in critically ill patients with severe influenza pneumonia.
Methods
...Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of critically ill patients with confirmed influenza pneumonia admitted to 148 ICUs in Spain between June 2009 and April 2014. Patients who received corticosteroid treatment for causes other than viral pneumonia (e.g., refractory septic shock and asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD exacerbation) were excluded. Patients with corticosteroid therapy were compared with those without corticosteroid therapy. We use a propensity score (PS) matching analysis to reduce confounding factors. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. Cox proportional hazards and competing risks analysis was performed to assess the impact of corticosteroids on ICU mortality.
Results
A total of 1846 patients with primary influenza pneumonia were enrolled. Corticosteroids were administered in 604 (32.7%) patients, with methylprednisolone the most frequently used corticosteroid (578/604 95.7%). The median daily dose was equivalent to 80 mg of methylprednisolone (IQR 60–120) for a median duration of 7 days (IQR 5–10). Asthma, COPD, hematological disease, and the need for mechanical ventilation were independently associated with corticosteroid use. Crude ICU mortality was higher in patients who received corticosteroids (27.5%) than in patients who did not receive corticosteroids (18.8%,
p
< 0.001). After PS matching, corticosteroid use was associated with ICU mortality in the Cox (HR = 1.32 95% CI 1.08–1.60,
p
< 0.006) and competing risks analysis (SHR = 1.37 95% CI 1.12–1.68,
p
= 0.001).
Conclusion
Administration of corticosteroids in patients with severe influenza pneumonia is associated with increased ICU mortality, and these agents should not be used as co-adjuvant therapy.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
: Simultaneous liver resection and peritoneal cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) remains controversial today. The aim of the study was to analyze the postoperative ...outcomes and survival of patients with advanced metastatic colon cancer (peritoneal and/or liver metastases).
Retrospective observational study from a prospective maintained data base. Patients who underwent a simultaneous peritoneal cytoreduction and liver resection plus HIPEC were studied. Postoperative outcomes and overall and disease free survival were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
From January 2010 to October 2022, 22 patients operated with peritoneal and liver metastasis (LR+) were compared with 87 patients operated with peritoneal metastasis alone (LR-). LR+ group presented higher serious morbidity (36.4 vs. 14.9%; p: 0.034). Postoperative mortality did not reach statistical difference. Median overall and disease free survival was similar. Peritoneal carcinomatosis index was the only predictive factor of survival.
: Simultaneous peritoneal and liver resection is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and hospital stay, but with similar postoperative mortality and OS and disease free survival. These results reflect the evolution of these patients, considered inoperable until recently, and justify the trend to incorporate this surgical strategy within a multimodal therapeutic plan in highly selected patients.
Bdallophytum oxylepis is a rare and endemic species belonging to the Cytinaceae family, a root holoparasitic plant in which most resources are allocated to attracting pollinators. This species is ...gynomonoecious with intraindividual variation in flower size and sex. Moreover, the flowers exhibit sapromyophilous traits, as do other species of Bdallophytum. Firstly, this study aimed to determine whether all floral morphs can form seeds and be pollen donors (in the case of bisexual flowers). Secondly, as this species has floral traits hypothesized to adapt to particular types of pollen vectors (carrion flies), we also studied the pollination of B. oxylepis to confirm whether the syndromes correspond to what occurs in nature. Through pollination treatments, we determined that all floral morphs are functional. By monitoring the inflorescences, we found that pollination is specialized in the studied population. Stingless bees performed pollination, as they have a high visitation rate, frequency, and constancy, and they are unique visitors that deposit pollen on the stigmas. Thus, they appear to be effective pollinators rather than carrion flies, as predicted by the syndrome. As shown here, animal–plant interaction studies can help establish a basis for conserving rare species such as holoparasites. Moreover, knowledge about the reproductive aspects of B. oxylepis reveals essential clues about its life cycle and role in maintaining native pollinators with economic and cultural value, such as stingless bees.
Bdallophytum oxylepis is a gynomonoecious root holoparasite with intra‐individual variation in flower size. Here, we demonstrated all floral morphs' functionality and the lack of an incompatibility system in bisexual flowers. The pollination is specialized, with sapromyophilous syndrome, but pollinated by stingless bees.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Paraguay’s COVID-19 vaccination campaign used several vaccine platforms.•Surveillance data were used to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.•In Paraguay, mRNA vaccines provided better protection ...than other vaccines against all variants.•The effectiveness of all vaccines declined during the Omicron variant-predominant period.
Vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates vary by population characteristics and circulating variants. North America and Europe have generated many COVID-19 VE estimates but relied heavily on mRNA vaccines. Fewer estimates are available for non-mRNA vaccines and from Latin America. We aimed to estimate the effectiveness of several COVID-19 vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2-associated severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Paraguay from May 2021 to April 2022.
Using sentinel surveillance data from four hospitals in Paraguay, we conducted a test-negative case-control study to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against SARI by vaccine type/brand and period of SARS-CoV-2 variant predominance (Gamma, Delta, Omicron). We used multivariable logistic regression adjusting for month of symptom onset, age group, and presence of ≥1 comorbidity to estimate the odds of COVID-19 vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 test-positive SARI case-patients compared to SARS-CoV-2 test-negative SARI control-patients.
Of 4,229 SARI patients, 2,381 (56%) were SARS-CoV-2-positive case-patients and 1,848 (44%) were SARS-CoV-2-negative control-patients. A greater proportion of case-patients (73%; 95% CI: 71–75) than of control-patients (40%; 95% CI: 38–42) were unvaccinated. During the Gamma variant-predominant period, VE estimates for partial vaccination with mRNA vaccines and Oxford/AstraZeneca Vaxzevria were 90.4% (95% CI: 66.4–97.6) and 52.2% (95% CI: 25.0–69.0), respectively. During the Delta variant-predominant period, VE estimates for complete vaccination with mRNA vaccines, Oxford/AstraZeneca Vaxzevria, or Gamaleya Sputnik V were 90.4% (95% CI: 74.3–97.3), 83.2% (95% CI: 67.8–91.9), and 82.9% (95% CI: 53.0–95.2), respectively. The effectiveness of all vaccines declined substantially during the Omicron variant-predominant period.
This study contributes to our understanding of COVID-19 VE in Latin America and to global understanding of vaccines that have not been widely used in North America and Europe. VE estimates from Paraguay can parameterize models to estimate the impact of the national COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Paraguay and similar settings.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Oocyte maturation defect is a challenging situation in the management of infertility, the etiology may be related to endocrine causes, protocols used in ovarian stimulation, oocyte intrinsic defects ...or procedures in embryology laboratory. We report three Mexican females in treatment for primary infertility with non-mature oocytes after ovary stimulation and oocyte capture in whom a genetic diagnosis of
-oocyte maturation defect was revealed by exome sequencing. Two couples achieved pregnancies though oocyte donation after establishing the genetic etiology. Our results expand the role of
-disorders in patients of non-Asian ethnicity. Oocyte maturation defects of monogenic origin are a growing group of disorders that endocrinologists and reproductive medicine specialists should be aware in order to provide referral to genetics for establish a correct and opportune diagnosis.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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