As a promising neuromorphic framework, the optical neural network (ONN) demonstrates ultrahigh inference speed with low energy consumption. However, the previous ONN architectures have high area ...overhead which limits their practicality. In this article, we propose an area-efficient ONN architecture based on structured neural networks, leveraging optical fast Fourier transform for efficient computation. A two-phase software training flow with structured pruning is proposed to further reduce the optical component utilization. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed architecture can achieve 2.2-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">3.7\times </tex-math></inline-formula> area cost improvement compared with the previous singular value decomposition-based architecture with comparable inference accuracy. A novel optical microdisk-based convolutional neural network architecture with joint learnability is proposed as an extension to move beyond Fourier transform and multilayer perception, enabling hardware-aware ONN design space exploration with lower area cost, higher power efficiency, and better noise-robustness.
Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is the most common adverse event induced by capecitabine. Some clinicians think that HFS is a type of inflammation limited to the hands and feet and can be prevented with a ...COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib).
We designed a single-center, prospective randomized clinical trial to test the hypothesis. From August 2008 to December 2010, stage II and III colorectal cancer patients receiving capecitabine-based chemotherapy enrolled in the trial voluntarily. All patients were divided randomly into two groups treated with or without celecoxib. All adverse events were recorded.
Grade 1 and grade 2 HFS were more common in the capecitabine group than in the capecitabine/celecoxib group (74.6% versus 57.4%, P = 0.034, 29.6% versus 14.7% P = 0.035). The use of celecoxib (P < 0.001, P = 0.003) and the level of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (P = 0.048, P = 0.014) affected the incidence of grade 1 and 2 HFS, as determined by log-rank analysis. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that the use of celecoxib was the only factor that affected the incidence of ≥ grade 1 HFS Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.556, P = 0.001 and ≥ grade 2 HFS (HR: 0.414, P = 0.005).
Celecoxib can be used effectively and safely to prevent capecitabine-related HFS.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This paper presents the three-dimensional Green-function method to predict the radiation and diffraction of water waves by a submerged body in water of uniform finite depth with an ice cover. The ...fluid is assumed to be perfect and irrotational, the ice is modelled as an elastic plate. The zero-speed Green function of finite depth satisfying the linearized covered-surface condition is derived in three dimensions, the numerical results for the Green function and its derivatives are given. The integral equations are established by distributing the source strength on the body surface, the radiation and diffraction problems are solved. A submerged sphere is taken as an example, the effects of the water depth and the flexural rigidity of ice cover on hydrodynamics are analysed, and the good agreement with the analytical solutions reveals that the present method is correct and reliable.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
A postsynthesis assembly approach, an ex situ ligand exchange route, was developed for fast (within 2 h) and high loading (34% coverage) deposition of CdSe QDs on TiO(2) films. With the combination ...of high-quality QD sensitizers and the effective deposition technique, a record photovoltaic performance with an efficiency of 5.4% was observed for the resulting cell device.
Corneal epithelial injury induces release of endogenous metabolites that are cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonists. We determined the functional ...contributions by CB1 and TRPV1 activation to eliciting responses underlying wound healing in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC). Both the selective CB1 and TRPV1 agonists (i.e., WIN55,212-2 WIN and capsaicin CAP, respectively) induced EGFR phosphorylation whereas either inhibition of its tyrosine kinase activity with AG1478 or functional blockage eliminated this response. Furthermore, EGFR transactivation was abolished by inhibitors of proteolytic release of heparin bound EGF (HB-EGF). CB1-induced Ca
2+ transients were reduced during exposure to either the CB1 antagonist, AM251 or AG1478. Both CAP and WIN induced transient increases in Erk1/2, p38, JNK1/2 MAPK and Akt/PI-3K phosphorylation status resulting in cell proliferation and migration increases which mirrored those elicited by EGF. Neither EGF nor WIN induced any increases in IL-6 and IL-8 release. On the other hand, CAP-induced 3- and 6-fold increases, which were fully attenuated during exposure to CPZ, but AG1478 only suppressed them by 21%. The mixed CB1 and TRPV1 antagonist, AM251, enhanced the CAP-induced rise in IL-8 release to a higher level than that elicited by CAP alone. In conclusion, CB1 and TRPV1 activation induces increases in HCEC proliferation and migration through EGFR transactivation leading to global MAPK and Akt/PI-3K pathway stimulation. On the other hand, the TRPV1-mediated increases in IL-6 and IL-8 release are elicited through both EGFR dependent and EGFR-independent signaling pathways.
► CB1 and TRPV1 agonists in human corneal epithelial cells transactivate EGFR. ► Proliferation and migration increases by CB1 and TRPV1 agonists similar to those elicited by EGF. ► Blunting by CB1 activation of TRPV1-induced increases in IL-6 and IL-8. ► Dependence of IL-6 and IL-8 release on EGFR transactivation by CB1 and TRPV1 modulators.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21- to 24-nucleotide long small noncoding RNAs, which play an important role in follicular atresia and granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis in the mammalian ovary. Here, we report ...that miR-146b, a conserved and ovary-enriched miRNA, modulates estradiol (E2) secretion, GC apoptosis, and follicular atresia in pigs. Genome-wide analysis and quantitative real-time PCR revealed that miR-146b was significantly upregulated during follicular atresia, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting showed that miR-146b functioned as a proapoptotic factor to induce GC apoptosis. MicroRNA-mRNA network analysis and luciferase reporter assays showed that CYP19A1, the pivotal enzyme for E2 synthesis signaling, was directly targeted by miR-146b. Furthermore, miR-146b interacted with the 3′untranslated region of CYP19A1 to prevent translation, thereby regulating CYP19A1-mediated E2 secretion and GC apoptosis. However, miR-146b was not regulated by the transcription factor SMAD4 or oxidative stress, both of which are critical regulators of CYP19A1. We, thus, conclude that miR-146b is a novel epigenetic factor regulating GC functions, follicular development, and female reproduction.
•miR-146b functioned as a proapoptotic factor to induce porcine granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis.•miR-146b suppresses CYP19A1 expression by complementary binding to its 3′untranslated region.•miR-146b inhibits estradiol secretion through suppressing CYP19A1 expression.•SMAD4 and oxidative stress do not affect miR-146b expression in GCs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this paper, three ensemble methods: Random Forest, XGBoost, and a Hybrid Ensemble method were implemented to classify imbalanced pulsar candidates. To assist these methods, tree models were used ...to select features among 30 features of pulsar candidates from references. The skewness of the integrated pulse profile, chi-squared value for sine-squared fit to amended profile and best S/N value play important roles in Random Forest, while the skewness of the integrated pulse profile is one of the most significant features in XGBoost. More than 20 features were selected by their relative scores and then applied in three ensemble methods. In the Hybrid Ensemble method, we combined Random Forest and XGBoost with EasyEnsemble. By changing thresholds, we tried to make a trade-off between Recall and Precision to make them approximately equal and as high as possible. Experiments on HTRU 1 and HTRU 2 datasets show that the Hybrid Ensemble method achieves higher Recall than the other two algorithms. In HTRU 1 dataset, Recall, Precision, and F-Score of the Hybrid Ensemble method are 0.967, 0.971, and 0.969, respectively. In HTRU 2 dataset, the three values of that are 0.920, 0.917, and 0.918, respectively.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Visual evoked potential (VEP) is often used for the objective evaluation for impairment of visual function. Although these VEP-related tests have good results in the assessment of glaucoma, their ...application as routine tests in the clinical diagnosis of glaucoma is limited due to the time consumption and easy interference by the environment and the reliance on the experience of the doctors. However, several new VEP detection modes have emerged in the past decade, such as short-duration transient VEP and isolated check VEP. Preliminary studies have shown that both of them have good diagnostic ability in glaucoma, and more studies on the clinical application of these latest technologies are conducive to further understanding of their value in the visual function evaluation and follow-up of glaucoma.
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Purpose Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. We tested the hypothesis that differences in the expression of certain molecular markers of colon cancer may account for ...different clinical outcomes. Methods Tissue microarray technology was used to assay the expression of 17 biological markers β-catenin, CD44v7, c-myc, cyclin D1, estrogen receptor β, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, maspin, matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7), p53, Pin1, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma, survivin, T cell transcription factor 4 (TCF4), transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFβR II), TGFβ, TROP2, and Wnt by immunohistochemistry in 620 colon cancer patients. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to analyze the lifetime data, including time to death, time to recurrence, and time to liver metastasis. Results All the markers were present at significantly higher expression levels in tumor specimens than in normal colonic specimens. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high expression of TROP2, MMP7, and survivin were related to decreased survival; TCF4 and TROP2 were related to disease recurrence; and CD44v7, cyclin D1, MMP7, p53, survivin, and TCF4 were related to liver metastasis. However, the results of the multivariate analysis only showed that expression of MMP7, survivin, and TROP2 were significant predictors of lower patient survival, while TROP2 and MMP7 were significantly related to disease recurrence and liver metastasis, respectively. Conclusions We conclude that elevated survivin, MMP7, and TROP2 expression levels are related to decreased survival. In addition, elevated MMP7 and TROP2 expression levels are predictors of disease recurrence and liver metastasis, respectively.
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EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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