The chemical analysis of the methanol extract of Porodaedalea chrysoloma (Fr.) Fiasson & Niemela afforded the isolation of five compounds (1-5). The first two are phenolic derivatives: methyl ...(E)-3-(4-methoxycar-bonylphenoxy)-acrylate (1) is a new natural product, while methyl 3-(4-methoxycarbonylphenoxy)-propionate (2) was isolated from a natural source for the first time. The triterpene steroids ergone (3), 3β-hydroxyergosta-7,22-diene (4), and ergosterol (5) have not been previously identified in this species. The structures of the compounds were determined on the basis of NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis. The isolated fungal metabolites 1-5 were evaluated for their antioxidant activity. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 proved to possess considerable antioxidant effect in the ORAC assay with 2.21 ± 0.34, 1.58 ± 0.18, and 5.02 ± 0.47 mmol TE/g, respectively.
In nineteenth-century Hungary, it was a widely held belief among the wider public but even in the circles of the legal profession (for example, among judges) that lawyers make good money, are ...wealthier than the average, and generally live in prosperity. However, in the Age of Dualism (1867–1918), lawyers can be seen discussing the polar opposite in professional publications and other media, arguing that the profession was becoming impoverished. Even though the discourse of financial difficulties permeated the thinking of lawyers both in Budapest and in the country, hitherto no social history study has examined primary sources to analyze the income, revenues and financial situation of Hungarian lawyers. Joining international scholarship, the present study aims to nuance the two polarities described above, and to shed light on the diversity and complexity of Budapest lawyers in this period. Drawing on various types of sources, the analysis of lawyer careers from beginning to end bears out the articulated nature of the profession at the time. In addition to an overview of the circumstances of wealthier and poorer lawyers, the study also draws attention to prevailing trends that affected the financial potential within the entire lawyer community.
In the course of our mycochemical studies the extract of Clitocybe nebularis was investigated with the aim to identify its bioactive secondary metabolites. Multistep chromatographic purification of ...the MeOH extract of C. nebularis resulted in the isolation of two steroids and an organic acid from the CHCl3 and ethyl acetate soluble fractions. The structures of the compounds were determined by NMR and MS spectroscopy as 5α-ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5,6β-triol (cerevisterol) (1), (22E,24S)-5α-ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5,6β,9α-tetraol (2), and indole-3-carboxylic acid (3). The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was analyzed by agar disc diffusion method against human pathogen strains of Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Proteus mirabilis. The susceptibility assay revealed that compounds 2 and 3 have weak antimicrobial activity against M. catarrhalis. The current study represents the first isolation of compounds 1–3 from C. nebularis.
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A szerzők a veszélyeztetett Anacamptodon splachnoides (Froel. ex Brid.) Brid. mohafaj új adatát közlik a Bükk-hegységből, egy Varbó község melletti cseres–kocsánytalan tölgyesből. E veszélyeztetett ...lombosmohafaj kis populációját egy élő Quercus cerris fa gyökfőjének üregében azonosították.
Fritillaria meleagris is an endangered Eurasian species with declining populations in most of its distribution area. The signifi cance of the present study is to provide details for improving ...methods, how age-state structure can be identifi ed in a population. This could help finding the appropriate way of site-management where this species occurs. We investigated two F. meleagris populations in the western part of Hungary (Gyékényes, Tüskeszentpéter). We grouped the recorded plants into five age-state categories: dormant, juvenile, subadult, vegetative- and reproductive adult. We investigated diff erent plant traits such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and leaf length. The relative frequencies of leaf numbers differed signifi cantly between the two sites each year. Generally, the majority of the flowering plants had 5-6 leaves at both sites. Only plant height was positively related to plant reproductive success, but there were no clear trends in leaf width and leaf length. There are considerable diff erences in age-state ratios between our sampling sites. The proportion of reproductive plants was noticeably higher in both years in Tüskeszentpéter. Transition into dormant state was regular from all age groups at both sites.
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