The microstructures and abrasion wear resistance of directional solidification Fe-B alloy have been investigated using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and laser ...scanning microscopy. The results show that the microstructure of as-cast Fe-B alloy consists of ferrite, pearlite and eutectic boride. After heat treatment, the microstructure is composed of boride and martensite. The plane which is perpendicular to the boride growth direction possesses the highest hardness. In two-body abrasive wear tests, the silicon carbide abrasive can cut the boride and martensite matrix synchronously, and the wear mechanism is micro cutting mechanism. The worn surface roughness and the wear weight loss both increase with the increasing contact load. Moreover, when the boride growth direction is perpendicular to the worn surface, the highest hardness plane of the boride can effectively oppose abrasion, and the martensite matrix can surround and support borides perfectly.
The synthesis and transport properties of the Li
6
La
3
BiSnO
12
solid electrolyte by a solid-state reaction were reported. The condition to synthesize the Li
6
La
3
BiSnO
12
is 785 °C for 36 h in ...air. The refined lattice constant of Li
6
La
3
BiSnO
12
is 13.007 Å. Qualitative phase analysis by X-ray powder diffraction patterns combined with the Rietveld method reveals garnet type compounds as major phases. The Li-ion conductivity of the prepared Li
6
La
3
BiSnO
12
is 0.85×10
–4
S/cm at 22 °C, which is comparable with that of the Li
5
La
3
Bi
2
O
12
. The Li
6
La
3
BiSnO
12
compounds are chemically stable against LiCoO
2
which is widely used as cathode material up to 700 °C but not against the LiMn
2
O
4
if the temperature is higher than 550 °C. The Li
6
La
3
BiSnO
12
exhibits higher chemical stability than Li
5
La
3
Bi
2
O
12
, which is due to Sn substitution for Bi.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Direct magnetoelectric (DME) and converse magnetoelectric (CME) effects are two opposite processes in magnetoelectric (ME) materials. An ME theoretical model about the longitudinal vibration was ...proposed to research their relationships in a laminate composite based on equivalent circuit. Following the piezoelectric and magnetostrictive constitutive equations, we deduced magnetic-mechanical-electric equations, and then built a symmetric equivalent circuit about the ME coupling, based on which we analyzed the CME and DMD effects equivalently. A simple laminate composite was prepared by bonding Terfenol-D and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 plates together for a experimental research. Theoretical calculations meet the experimental results very well. The CME and DME effects exhibit enhanced energy transitions at the resonance frequency with a large phase shift of about π. The ME composite shows CME and DME frequency multiplying behaviors and inhomogeneous CME and DMD responses. The CME and DME as well as their resonance frequencies present nonlinear characteristics with the bias magnetic field. The CME resonance frequency is lower than the DME resonance frequency in a same sample. CME decreases while DME increases with the magnetostrictive layer. The theoretical model plays an important role in the comprehensive understanding of ME properties, especially the CME effect, and design of ME devices such as magnetic-electric field sensors, energy harvesting transducers and solid tunable transformers.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
In this work, hydrothermal synthesis and ceramic sintering process were applied to fabricate (1−x)Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3−(x)CoFe2O4 (PZT–CFO) (x=0.20, 0.35, and 0.50) magnetoelectric (ME) composites. The ...X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that no chemical reaction occurred between individual PZT and CFO phases and confirmed the manifestation of PZT and CFO phases within the ME composite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the microstructure and connectivity scheme in the ME composites. The dielectric constant (ε) and loss tangent (tanδ) were determined as functions of frequency and temperature for all the composites prepared. The polarization–electric field (P–E) and magnetization–magnetic field (M–H) hysteresis loops obtained indicate that both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties coexist in the ME composites prepared. The direct (DME) and converse magnetoelectric effects (CME) were measured only for the PZT–CFO20 (20mol% CoFe2O4) composite sintered at 1100°C for 4h. The maximum values of ME voltage coefficient αME(dE/dH) and ME susceptibility coefficient αme (dH/dE) were 226mVcm−1Oe−1 at frequency of 75.1kHz and 1.15×10−8s/m at frequency of 66.8kHz, respectively.
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•PZT–CFO composite was prepared by hydrothermal method and ceramic sintering process.•Effect of CoFe2O4 content on the electrical and magnetic properties is studied.•CoFe2O4 particles are uniformly distributed in the PZT matrix.•P–E and M–H hysteresis loops confirm room-temperature multiferroic characteristics.•Tm shifts to higher values with the increase in the measurement frequency.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Patients with mid-to low-rectal cancer can have various dysfunctions of defecation after sphincter-saving resection. Defecation dysfunction can manifest as incontinence, urgency, or frequent bowel ...movements, and is called low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). This study aimed to examine LARS score and objective anorectal function indices in Chinese patients receiving sphincter-saving surgery for mid-to low-rectal cancer.
This was a single-center cross-sectional study of patients undergoing sphincter-saving resection for low- or mid-rectal cancer and had restoration of trans-anal defecation for at least 1 month seen between January 2019 and June 2020. Patients completed a questionnaire regarding clinical characteristics, and Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) score and high-resolution anorectal manometry (HR-ARM) were used to assess defecation function. Multivariable analysis was used to identify variables significantly associated with defecation dysfunction.
146 patients completed and returned the questionnaires. 25 healthy adults also participated as control group for the anorectal manometry. Approximately 76% of patients developed LARS after surgery, of which 35.6% had major LARS. In these patients, anorectal manometry indices including initial rectal sensory capacity and rectal fecal sensory capacity, were significantly lower than normal. Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative chemo-radiotherapy and the tumor inferior margins being close to the dentate line, especially 2–5 cm, were independent risk factors for defecation dysfunction after surgery.
Defecation dysfunction is a frequent occurrence after sphincter-saving resection for mid- and low-rectal cancer. Preoperative chemo-radiotherapy and a shorter tumor inferior margins distance to the dentate line are independent factors for defecation dysfunction.
•A comprehensive evaluation of defecation function was done.•We examine the incidence of LARS and the HR-ARM parameters of the patients.•Preoperative chemo-radiotherapy increased the risk of defecation dysfunction.•Tumor inferior margin next to dentate line was a risk factor of defecation disorder.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Comprehensively considering energy, volume and electronic structure of alloys, the ninth equation was determined as the interaction function of Nb-Mo alloys system in BCC structure on the basis of ...idea of systematic science of alloys, experimental lattice constants and heats of formation of disordered Nb(1-x)Mox alloys. The structural parameters and properties of Nb and Mo characteristic atoms sequences and corresponding characteristic crystals sequences were determined in Nb-Mo alloys system. The electronic structure and physical properties of disordered Nb(1-x)Mox alloys system were calculated according to concentration of characteristic atoms of disordered alloys. The change trend of physical properties is the same as that of electronic structure.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Effects of cytisine (cy), 3‐bromocytisine (3‐Br‐cy), 5‐bromocytisine (5‐Br‐cy) and 3,5‐dibromocytisine (3,5‐diBr‐cy) on human (h) α7‐, α4β2‐ and α4β4 nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptors, ...expressed in Xenopus oocytes and cell lines, have been investigated. Cy and its bromo‐isosteres fully inhibited binding of both α‐125Ibungarotoxin (α‐125IBgTx) to hα7‐ and 3Hcy to hα4β2‐ or hα4β4‐nACh receptors. 3‐Br‐cy was the most potent inhibitor of both α‐125IBgTx and 3Hcy binding. Cy was less potent than 3‐Br‐cy, but 5‐Br‐cy and 3,5‐diBr‐cy were the least potent inhibitors. Cy and 3‐Br‐cy were potent full agonists at hα7‐nACh receptors but behaved as partial agonists at hα4β2‐ and hα4β4‐nACh receptors. 5‐Br‐cy and 3,5‐diBr‐cy had low potency and were partial agonists at hα7‐ and hα4β4‐nACh receptors, but they elicited no responses on hα4β2‐nACh receptors. Cy and 3‐Br‐cy produced dual dose–response curves (DRC) at both hα4β2‐ and hα4β4‐nACh receptors, but ACh produced dual DRC only at hα4β2‐nACh receptors. Low concentrations of cy, 3‐Br‐cy and 5‐Br‐cy enhanced ACh responses of oocytes expressing hα4β2‐nACh receptors, but at high concentrations they inhibited the responses. In contrast, 3,5‐diBr‐cy only inhibited, in a competitive manner, ACh responses of hα4β2‐nACh receptors. It is concluded that bromination of the pyridone ring of cy produces marked changes in effects of cy that are manifest as nACh receptor subtype‐specific differences in binding affinities and in functional potencies and efficacies.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Background
The clinical value of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in colorectal liver oligometastases (CLOs) remains undefined. This study aimed to detect PD-L1 in the ...microenvironment of CLOs and determine its association with patient prognosis.
Methods
We collected 126 liver-resection specimens from CLO patients who underwent curative liver resection between June 1999 and December 2016. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to assess PD-L1 expression in paraffin-embedded specimens. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analysed using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test.
Results
PD-L1 was mainly expressed in the stroma of liver oligometastases. Patients with high PD-L1 expression had a higher proportion of clinical-risk scores (CRSs) of 2–4 (67.7% vs 40.4%; P = 0.004). With a median 58-month follow-up, patients with high PD-L1 expression had a significantly lower 3-year OS rate (65.5% vs 92.7%; P = 0.001) and 3-year RFS rate (34.7% vs 83.8%; P < 0.001) than patients with low PD-L1 expression. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that high PD-L1 expression (hazard ratio HR = 3.581; 95% confidence interval CI 2.301–9.972; P = 0.015), CRS 2–4 (HR = 6.960; 95% CI 1.135–42.689; P = 0.036) and increased preoperative CA19-9 (HR = 2.843; 95% CI 1.229–6.576; P = 0.015) were independent risk factors for OS. High PD-L1 expression (HR = 4.815; 95% CI 2.139–10.837; P < 0.001) and lymph-node metastasis (HR = 2.115; 95% CI 1.041–4.297; P = 0.038) were independent risk factors for RFS.
Conclusion
This study found that PD-L1 was commonly expressed in the tumour stroma of CLOs and high PD-L1 expression was associated with poor prognosis.
To observe clinical therapeutic effect of catgut implantation at Shu- and Mu-acupoints of liver, spleen and kidney on premature ovarian failure.
One hundred and thirty-two cases of premature ovarian ...failure were randomly divided into a catgut implantation group and a medication group, 66 cases in each group. The catgut implantation group were treated by catgut implantation at She- and Mu-acupoints of liver, spleen and kidney, and the medication group were treated with oral administration of Estradiol Valerate 2 mg, qd, for 20 days, and 10 days later, Medroxyprogesterone Acetate 4 mg was added, b. i. d, for 10 days, averaging 6 months of medication. The therapeutic effects and changes of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) were observed in the two groups.
After treatment, serum FSH and E2 significantly improved in the two groups (P<0.01), with the serum E2 in the catgut implantation group increased more significantly than that in the medication group (P<0.01). The cured rate and the tot
Isometric heat capacity cv and isobar heat capacity cp of Ru metal in HCP,FCC,BCC and liquid state were calculated by using pure element systematic theory.The results are in good agreement with joint ...army-navy-air force（JANAF） experimental value and the calculation result by first-principle（FP） method.But the results have great differences in contrast to Scientific Group Thermodata Europe（SGTE） database.The cause is found that it cannot neglect the electron devotion to heat capacity to adjust cp in one-atom（OA） method.The disparity between OA method and SGTE database was discussed.The main cause is that OA method adopts the crosspoint with iso-Ec-line and iso-a-line in hybritriangle to determine the properties,but SGTE database is obtained by extrapolation from activity measurements and critical assessment of data from a large number of binary system.Thermodynamic properties of Ru metal in HCP,FCC,BCC and liquid state,such as entropy S,enthalpy H and Gibbs energy G were calculated.Therefore,the full description of thermodynamic properties from 0 K to random temperature is implemented.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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