Anti oxidants Islam, Md Nazrul; Pervin, Shahana
Journal of Dhaka national medical college & hospital,
10/2012, Volume:
17, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Open access
Most of the human diseases are due to anti-oxidant deficiency or imbalance in the body. In the twenty-first century, knowledge about anti-oxidant is very essential and it is almost impossible to ...ignore. Anti-oxidant. Modern medical science development without the knowledge or some ideas about free radical cannot be accepted. So it is impossible to improve the medical science without the sufficient knowledge of anti-oxidants. Oxidative stress appears to be an important part of many human diseases, the use of antioxidants in pharmacology is ntensively studied, particularly as treatments for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases and age related macular degeneration. Antioxidants are frequently added to industrial products. A common use is as stabilizers in fuels and lubricants to prevent oxidation, and in gasolines to prevent the polymerization that leads to the formation of engine-fouling residues. They are widely used to prevent the oxidative degradation of polymers such as rubbers, plastics and adhesives that causes a loss of strength and flexibility in these materials. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v17i2.12221 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2011; 17 (02): 61-64
Aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of intravaginal misoprostol VS intravenous oxytocin in induction of labour and to compare the induction delivery interval between ...prostaglandin induction and oxytocin induction and to detect maternal and foetal outcome between prostaglandin induction and oxytocin induction and also reduce the rate of caesarean section . A prospective, randomized trial was carried out in one hundred singleton pregnant women admitted in Dhaka National Medical Hospital during the period of January 2006 to December 2006. Women who had unfavorable cervix (Bishops score<) were selected. 50 of them received 50 mgm misoprostol intravaginally for three doses, 6 hourly. Another 50 patient received intravenous starting from 10 mU /ml up to 40mU.Thirty-nine patients out of 50 patients of misoprostol group achieved normal vaginal delivery. Rest eleven patients ended by caesarean section. 82% of this group delivered within 10 hours. The maximum required dose was 50-150mgm. Maternal complications were PPH 2%. Neonatal outcome were satisfactory. Thirty six patients out of 50 patients of Oxytocin group achieved normal vaginal delivery. Rest fourteen patients ended by caesarean section. Only 66% of this group delivered within 10 hours. The maximum required dose was 40mU/ml. From the study it was found that intravaginal misoprostol is well tolerated and very effect then intravenous oxytocin in induction of labour in unfavorable cervix. It certainly reduces the number of caesarean section. It is cost effective. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v17i2.12213 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2011; 17 (02): 30-33
As a result of an epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases for last few decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are being considered as an important cause of mortality ...and morbidity in many developing countries including Bangladesh. Performing an extensive literature search, we compiled, summarized, and categorized the existing information about CVD mortality and morbidity among different clusters of Bangladeshi population. The present review reports that the burden of CVD in terms of mortality and morbidity is on the rise in Bangladesh. Despite a few non-communicable disease prevention and control programs currently running in Bangladesh, there is an urgent need for well-coordinated national intervention strategies and public health actions to minimize the CVD burden in Bangladesh. As the main challenge for CVD control in a developing country is unavailability of adequate epidemiological data related to various CVD events, the present review attempted to accumulate such data in the current context of Bangladesh. This may be of interest to all stakeholder groups working for CVD prevention and control across the country and globe.
Abstract
Background
Tobacco consumption is a major risk factor for many diseases including diabetes and has deleterious effects on oral health. Diabetic patients are vulnerable to developing certain ...oral conditions. So far, no studies have attempted to co-develop a tobacco cessation intervention to be delivered in dental clinics for people with diabetes in Bangladesh.
Aim
To co-produce a tobacco cessation intervention for people with diabetes for use in dental clinics in Bangladesh.
Objectives
To assess: (1) tobacco use (patterns) and perceptions about receiving tobacco cessation support from dentists among people with diabetes attending the dental department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) who smoke or use smokeless tobacco (ST) (2) current tobacco cessation support provision by the dentists of the dental department of BIRDEM (3) barriers and facilitators of delivering a tobacco cessation intervention at a dental clinic, and (4) to co-produce a tobacco cessation intervention with people with diabetes, and dentists to be used in the proposed context.
Methods
The study was undertaken in two stages in the dental department of BIRDEM, which is the largest diabetic hospital in Bangladesh. Stage 1 (July–August 2019) consisted of a cross-sectional survey among people with diabetes who use tobacco to address objective 1, and a survey and workshop with dentists working in BIRDEM, and consultations with patients to address objectives 2 and 3. Stage 2 (January 2020) consisted of consultations with patients attending BIRDEM, and a workshop with dentists to co-produce the intervention.
Result
All survey participants (n = 35) were interested in receiving tobacco cessation support from their dentist. We identified important barriers and facilitators to deliver tobacco cessation intervention within dental services. Barriers reported by dentists included lack of a structured support system and lack of training. As a facilitator, we identified that dentists were willing to provide support and it would be feasible to deliver tobacco cessation intervention if properly designed and embedded in the routine functioning of the dental department of BIRDEM. Through the workshops and consultations at stage 2, a tobacco cessation intervention was co-developed. The intervention included elements of brief cessation advice (using a flipbook and a short video on the harmful effects of tobacco) and pharmacotherapy.
Conclusion
Incorporation of tobacco cessation within dental care for people with diabetes was considered feasible and would provide a valuable opportunity to support this vulnerable group in quitting tobacco.
Abstract Introduction: Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is one of the common causes of child mortality and morbidity in Bangladesh. The study aimed to assess the risk factors of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) ...and pulmonary TB (PTB) in children and compare those with PTB amongst children. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based comparative study included EPTB and PTB cases ≤18 years. The groups were compared regarding various risk factors, including age, gender, socio-economic status, education level, nutritional status, family history, active and passive smoking, household contact, ventilation, overcrowding and contact duration. Results: Both EPTB and PTB patients were seen more in lower socio-economic groups (94%), and PTB was slightly higher (49% vs. 45% EPTB). Around 61% of EPTB cases occurred in the 11–18 age group, with a higher prevalence amongst females (61%) compared to males. Age was shown to have a significant association with EPTB, while the absence of ventilation, poor health status, overcrowding and contact duration displayed non-significant positive associations. The female gender, higher education, passive smoking and Bacillus Calmette–Guerin vaccination demonstrated statistically non-significant negative associations with EPTB in reference to PTB. Conclusion: It is essential to adequately address the risk factors to prevent children from both types of TB.
Background: The clinical course of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is unpredictable and characterised by periods of disease inactivity followed by active disease states with on or off medication.
...Objectives: To assess the disease activity state of JIA patients in our centre and compare them with other available reports. Methods: A retrospective cohort study carried out in the department of paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from July 2010 to December 2019 . A total of 1782 JIA patients, fulfilling ILAR criteria, who have completed at least three years of follow-up were enrolled in this study. Disease activity states were assessed according to Wallace’s criteria.
Results: The mean age at presentation of disease was 8.33±4.8 years and M:F ratio was 1.4:1. Enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) was the commonest (38.0%) subtype, followed by systemic arthritis and RF–ve polyarthritis. Eighty-three percent of the JIA patients were treated with MTX followed by sulfasalazine (30.0%) and leflunamide (13.0%). Only 12.0% received biological agents and other drugs including thalidomide and tofacitinib. At 3 years follow-up, 39.2% had active disease and 60.7% had non-active disease states. Inactive disease states, clinical remission on medication (CRM) and clinical remission off medication (CR) were maintained by 27.1%, 20.1 %, and 13.3% of JIA patients respectively.
Conclusion: Most (60.7%) of the JIA patients maintained CRM, CR and inactive disease states. Active disease was found in 39.2% of JIA patients. The highest rate of remission was achieved in persistent oligoarthritis cases. RF+ve polyarthritis patients had the lowest remission rate.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 41-47
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