Profiling of biomarkers of physiological process represents an integrative part in optimisation of diagnostic markers in order to adjust the diagnostic ranges to the potential effects of the local ...factors such occlusal forces in case of periodontal tissues. The objective of this study was estimation of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-22, TNFα and IFNγ concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid samples (GCF) between different groups of teeth. Two hundred fifty-nine systemically healthy non-smokers having at least one vital tooth without restorations, with healthy periodontal tissues, were clinically examined and the GCF sample was retrieved. The cytokine levels were estimated using flow cytometry and compared between central incisors (CI), lateral incisors, canines, first premolars, second premolars, first molars and second molars. Cytokine profiles varied between different groups of teeth with tendency of increase in proinflammatory cytokines from anterior teeth toward molars. Molars might be considered teeth with natural predisposition for faster bone resorption while the adjustment of diagnostic range of periodontal biomarkers for anterior or posterior teeth should be considered within diagnostic context. Cytokine profiles varied between different groups of teeth with tendency of increase in proinflammatory cytokines from anterior teeth toward molars. Molars might be considered teeth with natural predisposition for faster bone resorption while the adjustment of diagnostic range of periodontal biomarkers for anterior or posterior teeth should be considered within diagnostic context.
The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous ramifications for human history. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads for population and ...cultural movement. Here, we present genome-wide data from 136 Balkan individuals dated to the 1st millennium CE. Despite extensive militarization and cultural influence, we find little ancestry contribution from peoples of Italic descent. However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period. Between ∼250 and 550 CE, we detect migrants with ancestry from Central/Northern Europe and the Steppe, confirming that “barbarian” migrations were propelled by ethnically diverse confederations. Following the end of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modern Eastern European Slavic-speaking populations, who contributed 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan people, representing one of the largest permanent demographic changes anywhere in Europe during the Migration Period.
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•A frontier region of ancient Rome was as cosmopolitan as the imperial center•Genetic proof that migrants identified as Goths were ethnically diverse confederations•Slavic-speaking migrants account for 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan peoples today•A model for integrating archaeology with genetics
Genome-wide data from 146 ancient Balkan individuals dating to the 1st millennium CE, together with detailed archaeological information, reveals internal migratory patterns during the Roman Empire and documents the demographic impact of Early Medieval Slavic migrations that significantly contributed to the present-day Balkan gene pool.
The objective of this work was to investigate the main fluidodynamic behavior of a constrained inverse fluidized bed in a draft tube airlift reactor (DT-ALR), with liquid in batch and air in ...continuous mode. The inverse fluidized bed was formed of relatively large particles (4.3−5.4 mm) that were composed of light polyethylene (PE), in the first case, and of particles (3.7−4.7 mm) that were composed of extremely light polystyrene (PS), in the second case. The influence of physical properties of liquid phase (surface tension and viscosity) on basic fluidodynamic characteristics was examined using the coalescence-inhibiting medium (1 wt % aqueous solution of ethanol) and viscous medium (46 wt % aqueous solution of sucrose). It is shown that the overall gas holdup, induced liquid velocity, minimum fluidization velocity, and bed expansion are dependent on the superficial gas velocity and liquid and solid properties.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Statistical analysis of data from crystal structures extracted from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) has shown that S and Se atoms display a similar tendency towards specific types of ...interaction if they are part of a fragment that corresponds to the side chains of cysteine (Cys), methionine (Met) selenocysteine (Sec) and selenomethionine (Mse). The most numerous are structures with C—H…Se and C—H…S interactions (∼80%), notably less numerous are structures with Se…Se and S…S interactions (∼5%), and Se…π and S…π interactions are the least numerous. The results of quantum‐chemical calculations have indicated that C—H…Se (∼−0.8 kcal mol−1) and C—H…S interactions are weaker than the most stable parallel interaction (∼−3.3 kcal mol−1) and electrostatic interactions of σ/π type (∼−2.6 kcal mol−1). Their significant presence can be explained by the abundance of CH groups compared with the numbers of Se and S atoms in the crystal structures, and also by the influence of substituents bonded to the Se or S atom that further reduce their possibilities for interacting with species from the environment. This can also offer an explanation as to why O—H…Se (∼−4.4 kcal mol−1) and N—H…Se interactions (∼−2.2 kcal mol−1) are less numerous. Docking studies revealed that S and Se rarely participate in interactions with the amino acid residues of target enzymes, mostly because those residues preferentially interact with the substituents bonded to Se and S. The differences between Se and S ligands in the number and positions of their binding sites are more pronounced if the substituents are polar and if there are more Se/S atoms in the ligand.
The concept of the present study includes an analysis of the interactions of S and Se from cysteine (Cys), methionine (Met) selenocysteine (Sec) and selenomethionine (Mse) side chains in crystal structures retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), quantum‐chemical insight into the strength of their individual interactions, and supramolecular differences between S and Se compounds based on biochemical recognition.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UPUK
Metastatic carcinomas of unknown primary origin (cancer of unknown primary-CUP) represent 3-5% of all cancers. This term includes all patients presented with metastatic disease in whom the primary ...site could not have been identified. Despite the use of modern and comprehensive diagnostic techniques and procedures, there is no improvement in efficacy (efficiency) of indentifying the primary site of disseminated disease. That is why a diagnostic procedure should be rational and should include the basic diagnostic examination (analyses) with the aim to define biological and clinical characteristics of diagnosed disease, as well as an optimal therapeutic approach. Although the overall prognosis of the majority of these patients is poor, it is possible, nowadays, to distinguish the subgroups of patients with favorable prognosis. Results of new basic research, better understanding of pathogenesis at the molecular level and introduction of new drugs through clinical trials suggest an advance in this disease treatment and outcome.
Introduction: Controlling the presence of contaminants or harmful substances in milk and dairy products provides early detection of risks since their presence, even in legally permitted ...concentration, increases the risk of damaging human health, especially children's health, such as allergic manifestations, and they can have potentially toxic, carcinogenic and genotoxic effects. Aim of the Study: The aim is to determine the frequency of the presence of contaminants in samples of milk and dairy products in the Republic of Srpska from 2010 to 2012 (metals, radionuclides, aflatoxins and residues of antibiotics and pesticides), and especially to point out their public health significance because of possible health risks. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the need for monitoring all the other contaminants in milk and dairy products specified in regulations. Material and Methods: The frequency of the presence of contaminants in the samples of milk and dairy products (n= 407) was determined on the basis of legally prescribed methodology of sampling, chemical analyses and preparation of expert opinion on food safety in accordance with current food regulations. Descriptive statistical indicators were used (a number of the samples, minimum and maximum concentrations). Chi square test (χ2) of contingency was used for testing the significance of differences in presence of contaminants and residues analyzed and recommended by regulations in samples of milk and dairy products. Results: The results of public health research of contaminants in samples of milk and dairy products indicate that no health defective food samples were determined at tested parameters - metals, radionuclides, aflatoxins, and residues of antibiotics and pesticides. A statistically significant number of samples examined on heavy metal content (83.29% or 339 samples) was determined comparing to the number of samples examined on the other contaminants and residues recommended by regulations in milk and dairy products (χ2=1000.776, p<0.001) Conclusion: The data obtained can serve as a basis for further analysis in the context of milk and dairy product sample monitoring. Although samples of milk and dairy products are safe, a long-term exposure to residues of harmful substances results in cumulative effect and damage health, meaning that each early detection of food risk found through continuous controls has a public health significance for preservation and promotion of population health in the Republic of Srpska.
To assess our laboratory’s success with skeletal remains and provide a benchmark for the forensic community involved in identification of these remains, we retrospectively examined our ability to ...develop DNA profiles from the remains analyzed in our laboratory in the last 7 years. Between January 2009 and December 2016, 70 DNA extractions were completed on skeletal remains from routine casework. 92% of skeletal remains analyzed were samples submitted for body identifications by law enforcement and only 8% were samples submitted to answer family identity or historical questions. Overall, the ability to obtain a full or partial profile primarily reflects the difference in the average age and the condition of the samples in these two categories and thus, difference in the quantity and quality of the DNA. We describe here the approximate age and type of remains we have received, whether a full, partial, or no profile was obtained, as well as the condition of the samples.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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