Approximately 1. 07 million people in Vietnam are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). To address this epidemic, the South East Asian Research Collaborative in Hepatitis (SEARCH) launched a ...600-patient cohort study and two clinical trials, both investigating shortened treatment strategies for chronic HCV infection with direct-acting antiviral drugs. We conducted ethnographic research with a subset of trial participants and found that the majority were aware of HCV infection and its implications and were motivated to seek treatment. However, people who inject drugs (PWID), and other groups at risk for HCV were under-represented, although injecting drug use is associated with high rates of HCV.
We designed a community-based participatory research (CBPR) study to engage in dialogues surrounding HCV and other community-prioritized health issues with underserved groups at risk for HCV in Ho Chi Minh City. The project consists of three phases: situation analysis, CBPR implementation, and dissemination. In this paper, we describe the results of the first phase (i.e., the situation analysis) in which we conducted desk research and organized stakeholder mapping meetings with representatives from local non-government and community-based organizations where we used participatory research methods to identify and analyze key stakeholders working with underserved populations.
Twenty six institutions or groups working with the key underserved populations were identified. Insights about the challenges and dynamics of underserved communities were also gathered. Two working groups made up of representatives from the NGO and CBO level were formed.
Using the information provided by local key stakeholders to shape the project has helped us to build solid relationships, give the groups a sense of ownership from the early stages, and made the project more context specific. These steps are not only important preliminary steps for participatory studies but also for other research that takes place within the communities.
Background:Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure and cardiac transplantation. This study determined the prevalence of DCM-associated genes and evaluated the ...genotype-phenotype correlation in Vietnamese patients.Methods and Results:This study analyzed 58 genes from 230 patients. The study cohort consisted of 64.3% men; age at diagnosis 47.9±13.7 years; familial (10.9%) and sporadic DCM (82.2%). The diagnostic yield was 23.5%, 44.0% in familial and 19.6% in sporadic DCM.TTNtruncating variants (TTNtv) were predominant (46.4%), followed byTPM1,DSP,LMNA,MYBPC3,MYH6,MYH7,DES,TNNT2,ACTC1,ACTN2,BAG3,DMD,FKTN,PLN,TBX5,RBM20,TCAP(2–6%). Familial DCM, genotype-positive andTTNtv-positive patients were younger than those with genotype-negative and sporadic DCM. Genotype-positive patients displayed a decreased systolic blood pressure and left ventricular wall thickness compared to genotype-negative patients. Genotype-positive patients, particularly those withTTNtv, had a family history of DCM, higher left atrial volume index and body mass index, and lower right ventricle-fractional area change than genotype-negative patients. Genotype-positive patients reached the combined outcomes more frequently and at a younger age than genotype-negative patients. Major cardiac events occurred more frequently in patients positive with genes other thanTTNtv.Conclusions:The study findings provided an overview of Vietnamese DCM patients’ genetic profile and suggested that management of environmental factors may be beneficial for DCM patients.
Background:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated primarily with pathogenic mutations in sarcomeric genes. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and distribution of ...disease-causing mutations in HCM-associated genes and the genotype-phenotype relationship in Vietnamese patients with HCM.Methods and Results:Genetic testing was performed by next-generation sequencing in 104 unrelated probands for 23 HCM-related genes and in 57 family members for the mutation(s) detected. Clinical manifestations were recorded for genotype-phenotype correlation analysis. Mutation detection rate was 43.4%. Mutations inMYBPC3accounted for 38.6%, followed byTPM1(20.5%),MYH7(18.2%),TNNT2(9.1%),TNNI3(4.5%) andMYL2(2.3%). A mutation inGLAassociated with Fabry disease was found in 1 patient. A mutation inTPM1(c.842T>C, p.Met281Thr) was identified in 8 unrelated probands (18.2%) and 8 family members from 5 probands. Genotype-positive status related toMYH7,TPM1, andTNNT2mutations was associated with severe clinical manifestations.MYH7-positive patients displayed worse prognosis compared withMYBPC3-positive patients. Interestingly,TPM1c.842T>C mutation was associated with high penetrance and severe HCM phenotype.Conclusions:We report for the first time the prevalence of HCM-related gene variants in Vietnamese patients with HCM.MYH7,TPM1, andTNNT2mutations were associated with unfavorable prognosis.
High pressure NMR spectroscopy is a powerful method for identifying rare conformational states of proteins from the pressure response of their chemical shifts. Many proteins have bound adenine ...nucleotides at their active centers, in most cases in a complex with Mg2+-ions. The 31P NMR signals of phosphate groups of the nucleotides can be used as probes for conformational transitions in the proteins themselves. For distinguishing protein specific pressure effects from trivial pressure responses not due to the protein interaction, data of the pressure response of the free nucleotides must be available. Therefore, the pressure response of 31P chemical shifts of the adenine nucleotides AMP, ADP, and ATP and their Mg2+-complexes has been determined at pH values several units distant from the respective pK-values. It is clearly non-linear for most of the resonances. A negative first order pressure coefficient B1 was determined for all 31P resonances except Mg2+·AMP indicating an upfield shift of the resonances with pressure. The smallest and largest negative values are obtained for the α-phosphate group of ADP and β-phosphate group of Mg2+·ATP with −0.32 and −4.59ppm/GPa, respectively. With exception of the α-phosphate group of Mg2+·AMP the second order pressure coefficients are positive leading to a saturation like behaviour. The pressure response of the adenine nucleotides is similar but not identical to that observed earlier for guanine nucleotides. The obtained data show that the chemical shift pressure response of the different phosphate groups is rather different dependent on the position of phosphate group in the nucleotide and the nucleotide used.
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•The pressure response of 31P chemical shifts of the adenine nucleotides is non-linear for most of the resonances.•A negative first order pressure coefficient B1 was determined for most 31P resonances.•The base of the nucleotides modulates the pressure response.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
High pressure NMR spectroscopy is a powerful method for identifying rare conformational states of proteins from the pressure response of their chemical shifts. Many proteins have bound adenine ...nucleotides at their active centers, in most cases in a complex with Mg
-ions. The
P NMR signals of phosphate groups of the nucleotides can be used as probes for conformational transitions in the proteins themselves. For distinguishing protein specific pressure effects from trivial pressure responses not due to the protein interaction, data of the pressure response of the free nucleotides must be available. Therefore, the pressure response of
P chemical shifts of the adenine nucleotides AMP, ADP, and ATP and their Mg
-complexes has been determined at pH values several units distant from the respective pK-values. It is clearly non-linear for most of the resonances. A negative first order pressure coefficient B
was determined for all
P resonances except Mg
·AMP indicating an upfield shift of the resonances with pressure. The smallest and largest negative values are obtained for the α-phosphate group of ADP and β-phosphate group of Mg
·ATP with -0.32 and -4.59ppm/GPa, respectively. With exception of the α-phosphate group of Mg
·AMP the second order pressure coefficients are positive leading to a saturation like behaviour. The pressure response of the adenine nucleotides is similar but not identical to that observed earlier for guanine nucleotides. The obtained data show that the chemical shift pressure response of the different phosphate groups is rather different dependent on the position of phosphate group in the nucleotide and the nucleotide used.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Quantum chemical calculations are employed to examine interactions of hydrolysis products of cisplatin and a novel derivative cis-PtCl2(iPram)(Hpz) with the purine base sites of DNA using guanine and ...adenine as model reactants. Thermodynamic parameters, electronic structures, bonding characteristics and spectroscopic properties of the resulting complexes are investigated in the framework of density functional B3LYP method along with correlation-consistent basis sets. The computed results show that these interactions are dominated by electrostatic effects, namely H-bond contributions, and there exists a flow charge from H atoms of ligands to the base. Another remarkable finding is that the replacement of ammine groups by larger ones accompanies with a somewhat moderate reaction between PtII and the nucleobases.
Xâm nhập mặn tại các vùng ven biển Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long ngày càng gia tăng, đã ảnh hưởng đến công tác quản lý nguồn tài nguyên nước mặt phục vụ cho sản xuất nông nghiệp và nuôi trồng thủy sản. ...Nghiên cứu đánh giá tính hiệu quả trong công tác ứng phó xâm nhập mặn vào mùa khô 2019 – 2020 tại tỉnh Bến Tre, dựa trên nguyên tắc về vai trò và trách nhiệm rõ ràng của các bên liên quan về quản trị tài nguyên nước của OECD (Tổ chức hợp tác và phát triển kinh tế). Các số liệu được thu thập thông qua các cuộc phỏng vấn cán bộ địa phương và được xử lý bằng phương pháp thống kê mô tả và công cụ GIS được sử dụng để biên tập bản đồ. Thời gian xâm nhập mặn mùa khô năm 2019 – 2020 kéo dài và có phạm vi ảnh hưởng rộng hơn so với trung bình 40 năm trở lại đây, điều này đã dẫn đến việc thiếu nguồn nước ngọt trầm trọng gây thiệt hại đáng kể đến sản xuất nông nghiệp và nuôi trồng thuỷ sản. Việc ban hành các văn bản chỉ đạo công tác ứng phó xâm nhập mặn trong sản xuất nông nghiệp và nuôi trồng thuỷ sản đã được thực hiện kịp thời. Tuy nhiên, sự phối hợp theo chiều ngang giữa các bên tham gia tại địa phương còn gặp hạn chế.
Quantum chemical calculations are employed to examine interactions of hydrolysis products of cisplatin and a novel derivative cis-PtCl2(iPram)(Hpz) with the purine base sites of DNA using guanine and ...adenine as model reactants. Thermodynamic parameters, electronic structures, bonding characteristics and spectroscopic properties of the resulting complexes are investigated in the framework of density functional B3LYP method along with correlation-consistent basis sets. The computed results show that these interactions are dominated by electrostatic effects, namely H-bond contributions, and there exists a flow charge from H atoms of ligands to the base. Another remarkable finding is that the replacement of ammine groups by larger ones accompanies with a somewhat moderate reaction between PtII and the nucleobases.
Nadolol is a β-blocker drug, which effectively manages hypertension and angina pectoris. Its chemical structure allows the formation of four possible stereoisomers. A coupled column high-performance ...liquid chromatographic (HPLC) system with UV and fluorescence detection was investigated for simultaneously determining four nadolol enantiomers in human plasma. The plasma samples were prepared using a convenient liquid-liquid extraction process and passed through HPLC. Nadolol was initially separated from the endogenous compounds or other impurities in human plasma on a Phenomenex silica column, and its enantiomers were resolved and determined on a Chirapak AD-H column. The developed HPLC method achieved an effective chiral separation and significantly eliminated endogenous compound interference. This optimal HPLC method was validated following FDA guidelines. The results showed good selectivity, linearity, accuracy (90.50 % - 105.27 %), and precision (RSDs < 9.52 %) for each enantiomer. This method was also successfully applied to determine nadolol enantiomers in the plasma samples of a healthy male volunteer (after orally administering 80 mg racemic nadolol), proving its suitability for nadolol stereoselective pharmacokinetic studies.
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