Presented here is a system for an automatic analysis of Czech morphology mainly based on pattern recognition of linguistic forms according to the linguistic Prague school’s paradigm “form – value.” ...Taking into account the text and the context allows for the processing of “big data.” This system is based on the concept of calculability. Czech has a very high degree of calculability thanks to a very favorable phonological evolution. Furthermore, the correspondence between what is said and what is written is exact. The experience drawn from this work made it possible to design a grammar course taught for several decades to the satisfaction of the learners. However, the feasibility of this analysis would be demonstrated at best by making entries to a Czech general dictionary.
Medjezikovno sporazumevanje je sporazumevalna praksa, pri kateri dve osebi govorita vsaka svoj jezik in se med seboj sporazumeta, ne da bi se prej (na)učili jezika svojega sogovorca. Običajno je to ...mogoče pri jezikih, ki pripadajo isti jezikovni družini, na primer med slovanskimi, romanskimi ali germanskimi jeziki. V članku predstavljamo pojem medjezikovnega razumevanja kot alternativo sporazumevanju v angleščini kot lingui franci. Tako sporazumevanje je od nekdaj obstajalo med Skandinavci, prvo metodo pa so razvili za romanske jezike (EuRomCom) v začetku 21. stoletja. Danes obstaja več metod tudi za germanske in slovanske jezike. V članku predstavimo nekatere od njih, pa tudi možne prakse za utrjevanje medjezikovnega sporazumevanja.
Pričujoče besedilo je plod celega zapovrstja raziskav, ki postopoma vodijo k vse boljšemu razumevanju slovanskega jezikovnega sistema, in sicer v njegovih diahronih in sinhronih razsežnostih. V prvi ...fazi gre za eksperimentalno raziskavo avtomatske analize češčine (sodobna medicinska, znanstvena in tehnična besedila) s pomočjo hevrističnih metod, utemeljenih na prepoznavanju jezikovnih oblik (analiza brez slovarja), ki kaže možnosti za avtomatsko tvorjenje češčine. V nadaljevanju je spoznavanje češke historične slovnice, zlasti v njeni fonološki razsežnosti, pripeljalo do določenih ključnih ugotovitev v zvezi z razvojem severozahodnih slovanskih jezikov in sistemskimi lastnostmi, po katerih se ti med seboj razlikujejo.
This article on valency in West Slavic languages and French-speaking countries (Belgium and France) is divided into 10 sub-chapters. The first one discusses the emergence of the theory of valency by ...Tesnière (the term ”valence” was taken over by Tesnière from the field of chemistry). The second paragraph introduces Šmilauer’s contribution in the syntactic description of Czech with favorable applications for automatic syntactic analysis of Czech and for the simplicity of pedagogical interpretation. In addition, we present valency dictionaries in Slavic languages (in Czech, Slovak, Upper Sorbian) and French, although the latter is more complicated due to the linguistic system. These dictionaries are mostly accessible in the form of books or web pages. The dictionaries intended solely for automatic processing (e.g. Lefff dictionary edited of Benoît Sagot (Sagot et al. 2006)) have not been taken into account.
Intercomprehension is a communication practice where two persons speak their mother tongue and are able to understand each other without being taught the language of their adressee. It is a usual ...practice between languages that belong to the same linguistic family, for example Slavic, Romance or Germanic languages. In the article, the authors present the notion of intercomprehension as an alternative to communication in English as a lingua franca. That kind of communication was known among Scandinavians, whereas the first teaching method was developped for Romance languages (EuRomCom) at the beginning of the 21st century. Today, more methods exist including German and Slavic languages. In the article, the authors are enumerating some of them and also give a short outline of existing practices.
VALLEX (Valency Lexicon of Czech Verbs) is a product of time: time of thinking, time of testing, time of doing, time of applying. VALLEX is the prototypical counterexample to everything modern ...research politics wants: for serious researchers it is the comfort of appreciating the richness that is supplied by the stability of a team and its research topics, the cumulative effect of knowledge from one research generation to the next. The history of VALLEX has its roots in the 1960s and cannot be dissociated from the history of Petr Sgall and his disciples, who - in order to experience the adventure of research - first had to fight for the survival of their team, its ideas, and its programs. Adapted from the source document
De la théorie à l'application: VALLEX, une démarche exemplaire VALLEX est le fruit du temps: le temps de réfléchir, le temps de tester, le temps de faire, le temps d'utiliser. VALLEX est le ...contre-exemple prototypique de tout ce que souhaitent les politiques actuelles de la recherche: c'est pour les chercheurs sérieux le réconfort d'apprécier la richesse qu'apportent la pérennité d'une équipe et de ses thèmes de recherche, l'effet cumulatif des connaissances d'une génération de chercheurs à l'autre. L'histoire de VALLEX prend ses racines dans les années soixante et ne peut pas etre dissociée de l'histoire de Petr Sgall et de ses disciples qui pour vivre l'aventure de la recherche ont dû d'abord lutter pour la survie de leur équipe, de ses idées, de ses programmes.
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