Understanding the movement of genes and individuals across marine seascapes is a long‐standing challenge in marine ecology and can inform our understanding of local adaptation, the persistence and ...movement of populations, and the spatial scale of effective management. Patterns of gene flow in the ocean are often inferred based on population genetic analyses coupled with knowledge of species' dispersive life histories. However, genetic structure is the result of time‐integrated processes and may not capture present‐day connectivity between populations. Here, we use a high‐resolution oceanographic circulation model to predict larval dispersal along the complex coastline of western Canada that includes the transition between two well‐studied zoogeographic provinces. We simulate dispersal in a benthic sea star with a 6–10 week pelagic larval phase and test predictions of this model against previously observed genetic structure including a strong phylogeographic break within the zoogeographical transition zone. We also test predictions with new genetic sampling in a site within the phylogeographic break. We find that the coupled genetic and circulation model predicts the high degree of genetic structure observed in this species, despite its long pelagic duration. High genetic structure on this complex coastline can thus be explained through ocean circulation patterns, which tend to retain passive larvae within 20–50 km of their parents, suggesting a necessity for close‐knit design of Marine Protected Area networks.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In the present study, the possibility for the application of TiO2 nanocrystals of various shapes and sizes, for substrate-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric ...(SALDI TOF MS) quantitative analysis of small molecules (steroid hormones, amino acids and saccharides) was investigated. Parameters, such as homogeneity of the substrate/analyte distribution, reproducibility of the measurements, within-day, and day-to-day repeatability, were determined. The homogeneity of different nanocrystal/analyte combinations on the target plate were compared based on the signal-to-noise values of several analyte signals. Obtained results show that all TiO2 nanocrystals, regardless of their shape, have great potential for the detection and determination of steroid hormones, amino acids and saccharides with good analytical parameters and detection limits. On the other hand, the reproducibility of the S/N ratio and detectability of the analytes recorded in various modes differ depending on the substrate. All examined molecules were detectable in negative ion mode with TiO2 NTs, in contrast to all other organic matrices and substrates, and the best reproducibility was obtained with the larger nanocrystals, TiO2 PNSs and TiO2 NTs, making them good candidates for the quantitative determination of small molecules.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study we examined 62 patients, suffering from Schizophrenia (N-36), or Bipolar affective disorder or Major depression (N-26). They completed a Quality of life Checklist (QUOLC) on the basis ...of one hour semi structured interview. Satisfaction with each Sector of QUOLC was measured according to some social psychiatric characteristics of the patients, such as: age, gender, education, living place (village/town), duration of the illness, education, employment, as so as the type of the psychiatric disorder. QUOLC include various aspects of living, such as: Housing, Knowledge& Education, Relationships, Dependency, Inner experience, Medical care, Leisure, Work and Religion. Results at the first place shows generally more satisfactory attitudes for Schizophrenia than Depression group of patients. Further, results show that schizophrenic patients significantly mark Unsatisfactory sectors: Relationships, Inner experience, Leisure and Work. Significantly satisfactory aspects for them were: Environment, Medical care and vocational rehabilitation. For patients suffering from Bipolar disorder or Major depression significantly Unsatisfactory aspects of life were: Mental health, Inner experience, Physical health and Work, while they found Satisfactory Relationships, Knowledge, Housing and Communication. Also, better scores on the QOULC show patients with social characteristics: younger ones, living in village, shorter duration of the illness, employed.
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GEOZS, IMTLJ, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective We performed a case-control clinical study, which included 285 long term hospitalized schizophrenic patients, both gender, treated with monotherapy clozapine, olanzapine or risperidone for ...at least 6 months. Patients with diagnosed metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were classified as cases, while the “controls” were patients treated with the same antipsychotic drug without the metabolic syndrome presence. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation of the studied variables as a potentially risk factors for the metabolic syndrome presence. Materials and methods The following variables were collected: basic physical parameters (height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure), clinical status (BPRS scale and PANSS scale for schizophrenia), laboratory data (fasting glucose level, serum lipid levels, C-reactive protein, microalbuminuria), and medical-record data. Results General prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 31,2%, in patients treated with clozapine 41,3%, olanzapine 34,4% and risperidone 19%, statistically significant clozapine vs. risperidone ( P < 0.05). Predictors of the metabolic syndrome computed by multivariate logistic regression: - patients treated with olanzapine: case-history data about diabetes mellitus in close family member (OR 14.134, 95% CI 2.724–73.348, P = 0.002); hyperlipidemia in close family member- (OR 53.134, 95% CI 2.768–1019.916, P = 0.008; BMI kg/m2 - (OR 1.328, 95% CI 1.105–1.597, P = 0.002); C-reactive protein over the cutoff point of 5 mg/L (OR 4.555, 95% CI 1.057–19.627, P = 0.042), and mankind (OR 4.653, 95% CI 1.008–21.479, P = 0.049); patients treated with clozapine: diabetes mellitus in close family member (OR 14.127, 95% CI 2.407–82892, P = 0.003); patients treated with risperidone - there were no significant predictors.
Mimicking the extraordinary performances of natural materials presents an attractive, but challenging approach in the synthesis of advanced functional materials. In the field of separation ...techniques, the design of a low-cost, regenerative, environmentally friendly sorbent and the utilization of most of its active centers to remove the targeted pollutant are everyday challenges. The combination of casein and poly(sodium methacrylate) (PMANa) in the form of a soft polymer network is proposed as a promising sorbent for the removal of Ni2+ from wastewater. Such a combination and an applied synthetic route form hybrid materials with better sorption properties than both their components alone. SEM and TEM show that caseinate micelles are dissociated and the more exposed protein structure is stabilized by the PMANa network and able to form various stable complexes. The achieved sorption capacity (224 mg g-1) is among the highest reported in the literature. The very high removal efficiency in the wide range of the initial Ni2+ concentrations (0.05-200 ppm) and easy and complete regeneration without decrease in sorption capacities make these low-cost materials highly sensitive sorbents attractive for use under real conditions where it is necessary to avoid environmental risks and provide the recovery and reuse of the metal.
The glycolytic recycling of waste PET presents a challenge for the production of secondary value-added products, such as alkyd resins. A way to overcome the unsatisfactory mechanical, drying and ...chemical resistance properties of alkyds obtained from difunctional glycolyzates was proposed. Waste PET was glycolyzed using multifunctional alcohols: glycerol (G), trimethylolethane (TME), trimethylolpropane (TMP) and pentaerythritol (PE), giving tetra- and hexa-functional glycolyzates and, for comparison, using diethylene glycol (DEG), propylene glycol (PG) and dipropylene glycol (DPG) giving di-functional glycolyzates. The obtained glycolyzates were examined by
1
H and
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C NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis and further used in the synthesis of alkyd resins. The properties of the prepared alkyd resins (acid, hydroxyl and iodine values, color, average molar masses and molar mass distributions, viscosity, drying time, hardness, flexibility, gloss, adhesion and chemical resistance) were investigated with respect to the functionality and the structure of the used glycolyzates. Alkyd resins derived from multifunctional glycolyzates (TME and TMP) showed considerably enhanced properties compared to those produced from difunctional glycolyzates and also to conventional general purpose resins.
A new perspective for mass production of alkyd resins from multifunctional glycolyzates obtained from waste PET - a step up to greener production and excellent applicative properties.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract Introduction Knee dislocation in the polytrauma setting is rare. The optimal method that this injury should be managed remains controversial. We therefore undertook a study to evaluate the ...incidence and outcomes of knee dislocation in polytrauma patients treated in our institution. Patients and methods From January 2005 to February 2011, two hundred-seventy five polytrauma patients were managed in our institution. Knee dislocation was present in 14 patients (4%): 4 females, mean age 46 years (range 19-52), mean ISS 24 (range 18-34) and 10 males, mean age 45 years (18-48), mean ISS 28 (range 18-48). Knee dislocation was classified according to the Schenck classification. MRI was used routinely for accurate assessment of the knee lesions. Treatment protocol consisted of initially management with the ATLS guidelines, neurovascular assessment, emergency surgical care simultaneously with reanimation procedures and hospitalization at ICU. Upon full evaluation and stabilization of the patient's physiological status and acquisition of a knee MRI scan, one- to three-stage operative treatment was performed. Decision for one- or more-stage treatment was based on the evaluation of the systemic and local clinical status, injury classification, timing of surgery, and consequences that remained after associated injuries. Clinical outcome was evaluated by IKDC 2000 Subjective knee evaluation, IKDC Clinical Examination Scales and the Tegner-Lysholm scale. A specific accelerated rehabilitation program was completed according to the surgical treatment. The mean follow up was 2 years (range 19-48 months). Results Patients had a different type of knee dislocations: five KD II, six KD III, two KD V2 and one KD V3. Clinical results were low in patients that underwent the three-staged protocol, and good and high in one- or two-staged operative treatment respectively at the two year follow up. The difference between the results in three groups of treated patients was visible but not statistically significant. Conclusion The physiological state of the patient along with the type of knee lesion dictates a timing and type of stage treatment. The best postoperative clinical results are fulfilled with the one-stage treatment and it should be the first choice of knee dislocation therapy. Two-stage treatment should be performed only if the general clinical status of polytrauma injured patient or local knee status does not allow a complete knee reconstructive surgery. Three-stage treatment results with the worst outcome and it should be avoided.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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