Delayed culture of Leishmania in skin biopsies Dedet, J.P.; Pratlong, F.; Pradinaud, R. ...
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene,
11/1999, Volume:
93, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Between January 1997 and October 1998, 16 skin biopsies collected from 13 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in French Guiana were inoculated in culture medium after travel for 3–17 days from the ...place of biopsy to the culture laboratory in France. Each biopsy fragment was introduced near the flame of a Bunsen burner into the transport medium (RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum) which was maintained at ambient temperature during postal delivery to France. In France the biopsies were ground in sterile saline before being inoculated into NNN culture tubes. The cultures were incubated at 25 °C and subcultured every week until the 5th week. The cultures were positive in 9 cases, remained negative in 4, and were contaminated in 3 cases. Positive results were obtained at all seasons and for 3 different
Leishmania species. The study indicates that delayed culture can yield useful results from biopsies taken in field conditions.
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Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of leishmania lesion cytokine profile showed a Th2 cytokine expression pattern, as reflected by interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 ...mRNA expression. There was a predominance of IL-13 in most lesions from patients with American localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania guyanensis. IL-13 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to specific leishmania antigens was confirmed in these patients. The absence of the second chain of the IL-12 receptor (IL-12Rbeta2) mRNA expression in lesions and the presence of specific IgE and IgG4 in some serum samples demonstrated the functional role of these Th2 cytokines. IL-13, unlike IL-4, rendered specific T cells unresponsive to IL-12 by inhibiting the expression of the IL-12Rbeta2 chain. These data establish the crucial role of IL-13 in human cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Leishmania species can cause a wide spectrum of cutaneous disease in HIV-positive patients: asymptomatic, localized cutaneous, mucosal, muco-cutaneous, diffuse cutaneous or post-kala-azar ...leishmaniasis. In such cases, which are usually severely immunocompromised, the leishmanial parasites reach the skin of the human host by dissemination after either a new infection (resulting from the bite of infected sandfly or, probably, the sharing of contaminated syringes by intravenous-drug users) or the re-activation of a latent infection. Recent experience and past observations on the dermatology of leishmaniasis in those with Leishmania/HIV co-infection are reviewed here.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Semiquantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis of leishmania lesion cytokine profile showed a Th2 cytokine expression pattern, as reflected by interleukin (IL)–4 and IL-13 ...mRNA expression. There was a predominance of IL-13 in most lesions from patients with American localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania guyanensis IL-13 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to specific leishmania antigens was confirmed in these patients. The absence of the second chain of the IL-12 receptor (IL-12Rβ2) mRNA expression in lesions and the presence of specific IgE and IgG4 in some serum samples demonstrated the functional role of these Th2 cytokines. IL-13, unlike IL-4, rendered specific T cells unresponsive to IL-12 by inhibiting the expression of the IL-12Rβ2 chain. These data establish the crucial role of IL-13 in human cutaneous leishmaniasis
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Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
French Guiana is a French territory (90 000 km super(2) with 150 000 inhabitants) located in South America where the HIV epidemic is growing steadily. The cumulative incidence of AIDS as of 31 ...December, 1996 was 448 per 100 000, which is one of the highest rates in Latin America and Caribbean. The pattern of the epidemic is of gender equity (male:female sex ratio, 0.9), and 90% of the HIV infections are acquired by heterosexual contacts. There are many different ethnic groups in French Guiana's population (e.g., white Europeans, Creoles, Asiatics, Haitians), and in each group the epidemic pattern is different. The Haitian group is the most affected by HIV disease, with 52% of the reported AIDS cases and 47% of the HIV-infected patients followed up in hospitals, whereas the group as a whole only represents about 18% of the total population. We conducted a cohort study to characterize the survival of AIDS patients in French Guiana. Data were collected in hospitals about patients enrolled, based on the following criteria: confirmed HIV infection by Western blot assay, age over 15 years, and having given informed consent. Epidemiological, clinical and biological data were collected by participating clinicians using a standardized questionnaire for patients followed up at least 1 month. The group or stage of the HIV infection was defined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 1986 classification, and the 1987 AIDS case definition revised in France in 1993. Kaplan-Meier lifetable and Cox regression analysis were performed, relative hazards (RH) are presented with their 95% confidence interval (CI).
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