Abstract
Using data from the Complete Nearby (redshift
z
host
< 0.02) sample of Type Ia Supernovae (CNIa0.02), we find a linear relation between two parameters derived from the
B
−
V
color curves of ...Type Ia supernovae: the
color stretch
s
BV
and the rising color slope
s
0
*
(
B
−
V
)
after the peak, and this relation applies to the full range of
s
BV
. The
s
BV
parameter is known to be tightly correlated with the peak luminosity, especially for
fast decliners
(dim Type Ia supernovae), and the luminosity correlation with
s
BV
is markedly better than with the classic light-curve width parameters such as Δ
m
15
(
B
). Thus, our new linear relation can be used to infer peak luminosity from
s
0
*
. Unlike
s
BV
(or Δ
m
15
(
B
)), the measurement of
s
0
*
(
B
−
V
)
does not rely on a well-determined time of light-curve peak or color maximum, making it less demanding on the light-curve coverage than past approaches.
The authors present a modeling framework for the robust solution of hydroelectric power generation management problems with uncertainty in the values of the water inflows and outflows. A ...deterministic treatment of the problem provides unsatisfactory results, except for very short time horizons. They describe a model based on scenario analysis that allows a satisfactory treatment of uncertainty in the model data for medium and long-term planning problems. Their approach results in a huge model with a network submodel per scenario plus coupling constraints. The size of the problem and the structure of the constraints are adequate for the use of decomposition techniques and parallel computation tools. They present computational results for both sequential and parallel implementation versions of the codes, running on a cluster of workstations. The codes have been tested on data obtained from the reservoir network of Iberdrola, an electric utility owning 50% of the total installed hydroelectric capacity of Spain, and generating 40% of the total energy demand.
The neutron flux of the n_TOF facility at CERN was measured, after installation of the new spallation target, with four different systems based on three neutron-converting reactions, which represent ...accepted cross sections standards in different energy regions. A careful comparison and combination of the different measurements allowed us to reach an unprecedented accuracy on the energy dependence of the neutron flux in the very wide range (thermal to 1 GeV) that characterizes the n_TOF neutron beam. This is a pre-requisite for the high accuracy of cross section measurements at n_TOF. An unexpected anomaly in the neutron-induced fission cross section of
235
U is observed in the energy region between 10 and 30keV, hinting at a possible overestimation of this important cross section, well above currently assigned uncertainties.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Despite recent advances in treatment, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable malignancy. By using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo approaches, we have identified here that lipid rafts constitute a ...new target in MM. We have found that the phospholipid ether edelfosine targets and accumulates in MM cell membrane rafts, inducing apoptosis through co-clustering of rafts and death receptors. Raft disruption by cholesterol depletion inhibited drug uptake by tumor cells as well as cell killing. Cholesterol replenishment restored MM cell ability to take up edelfosine and to undergo drug-induced apoptosis. Ceramide addition displaced cholesterol from rafts, and inhibited edelfosine-induced apoptosis. In an MM animal model, edelfosine oral administration showed a potent in vivo antimyeloma activity, and the drug accumulated preferentially and dramatically in the tumor. A decrease in tumor cell cholesterol, a major raft component, inhibited the in vivo antimyeloma action of edelfosine and reduced drug uptake by the tumor. The results reported here provide the proof-of-principle and rationale for further clinical evaluation of edelfosine and for this raft-targeted therapy to improve patient outcome in MM. Our data reveal cholesterol-containing lipid rafts as a novel and efficient therapeutic target in MM, opening a new avenue in cancer treatment.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
We report the discovery of eclipses by circumstellar disc material associated with the young star PDS 110 in the Ori OB1a association using the SuperWASP and Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope ...surveys. PDS 110 (HD 290380, IRAS 05209-0107) is a rare Fe/Ge-type star, an ~10 Myr-old accreting intermediate-mass star showing strong infrared excess (LIR/Lbol 0.25). Two extremely similar eclipses with a depth of 30 per cent and duration ~25 d were observed in 2008 November and 2011 January. We interpret the eclipses as caused by the same structure with an orbital period of 808 ± 2 d. Shearing over a single orbit rules out diffuse dust clumps as the cause, favouring the hypothesis of a companion at ~2 au. The characteristics of the eclipses are consistent with transits by an unseen low-mass (1.8–70 MJup) planet or brown dwarf with a circumsecondary disc of diameter ~0.3 au. The next eclipse event is predicted to take place in 2017 September and could be monitored by amateur and professional observatories across the world.
To establish their ability to predict malnutrition, irregular feeding, alcoholic intake, derangement of social and familial links and organic complications (liver cirrhosis) were assessed in 181 ...hospitalized male alcoholic. BMI was under 18.5 kg/m
2 in 8.9%, between 18.5–20 kg/m
2 in 8.9%, 20–25 kg/m
2 in 42%, 25–30 kg/m
2 in 32.2% and over 30 kg/m
2 in 8.2% of patients. Malnutrition was related to the intensity of ethanol intake, development of social or familial problems, irregularity of feeding habits and cirrhosis with ascites. Irregularity of feeding habits was also related to heavy drinking and to social or familial derangement. By logistic regression analysis, the only variables which independently predict malnutrition were irregular feeding habits and liver cirrhosis with ascites. In a second step, irregular feeding was dependent on social or familial troubles and daily intake of ethanol. So, malnutrition related to alcoholism seems multifactorial in its pathogenesis.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Transforming growth factor- beta (TGF- beta ) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of skin fibrotic diseases. Systemic TGF- beta inhibitors effectively inhibit fibrosis in different animal ...models; however, systemic inhibition of TGF- beta raises important safety issues because of the pleiotropic physiological effects of this factor. In this study, we have investigated whether topical application of P144 (a peptide inhibitor of TGF- beta 1) ameliorates skin fibrosis in a well-characterized model of human scleroderma. C3H mice received daily subcutaneous injections of bleomycin for 4 wk, and were treated daily with either a lipogel containing P144 or control vehicle. Topical application of P144 significantly reduced skin fibrosis and soluble collagen content. Most importantly, in mice with established fibrosis, topical treatment with P144 lipogel for 2 wk significantly decreased skin fibrosis and soluble collagen content. Immunohistochemical studies in P144-treated mice revealed a remarkable suppression of connective tissue growth factor expression, fibroblast SMAD2-3 phosphorylation, and alpha -smooth muscle actin positive myofibroblast development, whereas mast cell and mononuclear cell infiltration was not modified. These data suggest that topical application of P144, a peptide inhibitor of TGF- beta 1, is a feasible strategy to treat pathological skin scarring and skin fibrotic diseases for which there is no specific therapy.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Spitzoid melanoma with ALK copy number gain Farah, M.; Nagarajan, P.; Curry, J.L. ...
British journal of dermatology (1951),
February 2019, 2019-02-00, 20190201, Volume:
180, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Summary
Spitzoid melanoma is an uncommon melanoma (type of skin cancer) that can occur at any age, and can resemble a harmless mole called a ‘Spitz nevus’. This similarity can make it difficult to ...diagnose. Spitzoid tumours (Spitz nevi) have recently begun to be categorized according to their genetic profile, meaning the genes found in them, and certain molecular alterations were found to link to changes to the structure of the nevus as could be seen when examined under a microscope. For example, Spitz tumours can have what is called an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement. ALK is a gene that tells your body how to make proteins that help cells talk to each other. ALK rearrangement means that part of this gene is broken and attached to another gene. Spitz tumours with ALK rearrangement have been shown to have a distinctive “plexiform pattern”. Humans have two copies of most genes, but occasionally alterations can lead to the gain or a loss of one copy. When it is a gain of one copy this is called copy gain. In this report, authors from the US discuss a case of an 87‐year‐old man with a 3cm tumour on his back, and conclude that ALK copy gain represents an additional mechanism of ALK activation among Spitzoid tumours and shows the same plexiform pattern seen among ALK‐rearranged Spitz tumours.
Linked Article: Farah et al. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:404–408
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
