PEDOT:PSS is one of the most studied and used polymers. The current literature shows that this material is employed in solar cells, electrochemical cells, devices for energy storage and stretchable ...electronics. However films with thickness in the scale of hundreds of nanometres have the intrinsic limitation that must be deposited onto a solid and consistent substrate, thus leading to bulky devices. Moreover pristine PEDOT:PSS exhibits low conductivity and thus several treatments, such as drop casting or acid vapours exposure, are usually pursued to increase it. These methods however are not easily implementable in production lines. Here we show a freestanding conductive dark-PEDOT (d-PEDOT), obtained by a low cost and fast in-solution treatment by sulphuric acid. The proposed synthesis procedure is based on methods industrially implementable. The obtained paste is mouldable and allows for the fabrication of free-standing tens of μm thick foils, made as easily as scribing by an ink pen. Electrical characterization shows a conductivity of 500 Scm −1 , which makes the new material a good alternative to standard and expensive metal contacts.
We study the linear response in different models of driven granular gases. In some situations, even if the the velocity statistics can be strongly non-Gaussian, we do not observe appreciable ...violations of the Einstein formula for diffusion versus mobility. The situation changes when strong correlations between velocities and density are present: in this case, although a form of fluctuation-dissipation relation holds, the differential velocity response of a particle and its velocity self-correlation are no more proportional. This happens at high densities and strong inelasticities, but still in the fluid-like (and ergodic) regime.
We discuss the well known Einstein and the Kubo Fluctuation Dissipation Relations (FDRs) in the wider framework of a generalized FDR for systems with a stationary probability distribution. A ...multi-variate linear Langevin model, which includes dynamics with memory, is used as a treatable example to show how the usual relations are recovered only in particular cases. This study brings to the fore the ambiguities of a check of the FDR done without knowing the significant degrees of freedom and their coupling. An analogous scenario emerges in the dynamics of diluted shaken granular media. There, the correlation between position and velocity of particles, due to spatial inhomogeneities, induces violation of usual FDRs. The search for the appropriate correlation function which could restore the FDR, can be more insightful than a definition of ``non-equilibrium'' or ``effective temperatures''.
An infant male presented at age 17 months with an established pseudarthrosis in a kyphoscoliotic right tibia. During the ensuing 6 years, three unsuccessful McFarland bypass bone grafts were ...performed. Then the distal end of the proximal fibula was placed into the medullary cavity of the proximal end of the distal tibia without disturbing the proximal portion of the fibula. This was augmented by autogenous bone graft. Union occurred in one year. The child has been followed for 7 years and the pseudarthrosis remains healed.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) is a strategic instrument of the LBT designed for high-sensitivity, high-contrast, and high-resolution infrared (1.5-13 \(\mu\)m) imaging of nearby ...planetary systems. To carry out a wide range of high-spatial resolution observations, it can combine the two AO-corrected 8.4-m apertures of the LBT in various ways including direct (non-interferometric) imaging, coronagraphy (APP and AGPM), Fizeau imaging, non-redundant aperture masking, and nulling interferometry. It also has broadband, narrowband, and spectrally dispersed capabilities. In this paper, we review the performance of these modes in terms of exoplanet science capabilities and describe recent instrumental milestones such as first-light Fizeau images (with the angular resolution of an equivalent 22.8-m telescope) and deep interferometric nulling observations.
Continuous‐flow and static bioassays were conducted at 18 C, with survival and reproduction as measures of relative toxicity of eight PCBˈs, Aroclor 1221 (A‐1221), A‐1232, A‐1242, A‐1248, A‐1254, ...A‐1260, A‐1262, and A‐1268. Three PCB‐mixture bioassays were also conducted. Aroclor 1248 was the most toxic to Daphnia magna of the eight Aroclors tested in static tests; the 3‐wk LC50 was 25 μg/liter. Aroclor 1254 was the most toxic PCB to Daphnia under continuous‐flow conditions with a 3‐wk LC50 of 1.3 μg/liter. Ninety‐six‐hr LC50 values for A‐1242, and A‐1248 on Gammarus pseudolimnaeus in continuous‐flow tests were 73 and 20 μg/liter. Survival after 60 days was 52% at 8.7 μg/liter 1242 and 53% at 5.1 μg/liter A‐1248. Reproduction and survival of young were good at 2.8 μg/liter A‐1242 and 2.2 μg/liter A‐1248. The midge Tanytarsus dissimilis, in continuous‐flow tests, did not emerge in abundance above 5.1 μg/liter A‐1248 or 3.5 μg/liter A‐1254. The 3‐wk LC50 for Aroclor 1254 was 0.65 μg/liter for larvae and 0.45 μg/liter for pupae. Tissue residues in Gammarus pseudolimnaeus ranged from 4.0 μg/g A‐1254 in control animals to 552 μg/g A‐1248 in scuds held for 60 days in water containing 5.1 μg/liter A‐1248.
We present deep near-infrared (NIR) J, Ks photometry of the old, metal-poor Galactic globular cluster M\,15 obtained with images collected with the LUCI1 and PISCES cameras available at the Large ...Binocular Telescope (LBT). We show how the use of First Light Adaptive Optics system coupled with the (FLAO) PISCES camera allows us to improve the limiting magnitude by ~2 mag in Ks. By analyzing archival HST data, we demonstrate that the quality of the LBT/PISCES color magnitude diagram is fully comparable with analogous space-based data. The smaller field of view is balanced by the shorter exposure time required to reach a similar photometric limit. We investigated the absolute age of M\,15 by means of two methods: i) by determining the age from the position of the main sequence turn-off; and ii) by the magnitude difference between the MSTO and the well-defined knee detected along the faint portion of the MS. We derive consistent values of the absolute age of M15, that is 12.9+-2.6 Gyr and 13.3+-1.1 Gyr, respectively.
The aim of the study was to evaluate chronic atrial pacing threshold increase after oral propafenone therapy. Fifty patients affected by advanced AV block and sick sinus syndrome were studied at ...least 6 months after pacemaker implantation, before and after oral propafenone therapy (450-900 mg/day based on body weight). The patients were subdivided into three groups as to the type of electrode implanted, all three unipolar: group I (20 patients) Medtronic CapSure 4003, group II (13 patients) Medtronic Target Tip 4011, group III (17 patients) Medtronic 4057 screw-in leads. In all cases, Medtronic unipolar pacemakers were implanted with the same noninvasive autothreshold measurement method. Propafenone and 5-OH-propafenone blood levels were measured 3-5 hours after drug administration. The packing autothreshold was measured at 0.8, 1.6, and 2.5 V by reducing the pulse width. After propafenone, groups II and III showed a statistically significant threshold rise (P ranging from < 0.01 to 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found in group I. Propafenone and 5-OH-propafenone blood vessels did not show any significant difference among the three groups. Strength-duration curves were drawn for the three groups before and after propafenone: at baseline the curves shifted to the left with the steep part above the knee, clearly favoring CapSure over the other two groups. After propafenone, the curves shifted to the right, with the flat par progressively more evident in groups II and III. In the atrial chamber, steroid-eluting leads prevented threshold increase after propafenone therapy, in contrast with a significant threshold rise with conventional porous and screw-in leads.
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BFBNIB, FSPLJ, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
ALMA measurements for 93 \(Herschel\)-selected galaxies at \(1.1 \leqslant z \leqslant 1.7\) in COSMOS reveal a sizable (\(>29\)\%) population with compact star formation (SF) sizes, lying on average ...\(> \times 3.6\) below the optical stellar mass (\(M_{\star}\))-size relation of disks. This sample widely spans the star-forming Main Sequence (MS), having \(10^{8} \leqslant M_{\star} \leqslant 10^{11.5} \ M_{\odot}\) and \(20 \leqslant SFR \leqslant 680 \ M_{\odot} \rm yr^{-1}\). The 32 size measurements and 61 upper limits are measured on ALMA images that combine observations of CO(5-4), CO(4-3), CO(2-1) and \(\lambda_{\rm obs} \sim 1.1-1.3 \ \rm mm\) continuum, all tracing the star-forming molecular gas. These compact galaxies have instead normally extended \(K_{band}\) sizes, suggesting strong specific \(SFR\) gradients. Compact galaxies comprise the \(50\pm18 \%\) of MS galaxies at \(M_{\star} > 10^{11} M_{\odot}\). This is not expected in standard bi-modal scenarios where MS galaxies are mostly steadily-growing extended disks. We suggest that compact MS objects are early post-starburst galaxies in which the merger-driven boost of SF has subsided. They retain their compact SF size until either further gas accretion restores pre-merger galaxy-wide SF, or until becoming quenched. The fraction of merger-affected SF inside the MS seems thus larger than anticipated and might reach \(\sim 50\)\% at the highest \(M_{\star}\). The presence of large galaxies above the MS demonstrates an overall poor correlation between galaxy SF size and specific \(SFR\).
