The lack of fine-grained 3D shape segmentation data is the main obstacle to developing learning-based 3D segmentation techniques. We propose an effective semi-supervised method for learning 3D ...segmentations from a few labeled 3D shapes and a large amount of unlabeled 3D data. For the unlabeled data, we present a novel
multilevel consistency
loss to enforce consistency of network predictions between perturbed copies of a 3D shape at multiple levels: point level, part level, and hierarchical level. For the labeled data, we develop a simple yet effective part substitution scheme to augment the labeled 3D shapes with more structural variations to enhance training. Our method has been extensively validated on the task of 3D object semantic segmentation on PartNet and ShapeNetPart, and indoor scene semantic segmentation on ScanNet. It exhibits superior performance to existing semi-supervised and unsupervised pre-training 3D approaches.
Recent evidence indicates that miR-17-92 family might be an essential prognostic biomarker for human cancers. However, results are still inconsistent. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to ...evaluate the predictive role of miR-17-92 family in human cancer prognosis. We searched literatures published before March 31th, 2017 inPubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases. Twenty six studies were included in our analyses. The overall hazard ratios (HRs) showed that high expression level of miR-17-92 family was a predictor of poor overall survival (OS): adjusted HRs = 1.71, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.39-2.11,
< 0.00001, and poor disease-free survival (DFS): adjusted HRs = 2.29, 95% CIs: 1.41-3.72,
= 0.0008. However, no association between miR-17-92 family expression and cancer progress-free survival (PFS) was found (
> 0.05). Subgroup analyses showed that high expression of miR-17-92 family was associated with poor OS (adjusted HRs = 1.89, 95% CIs: 1.43-2.49,
< 0.00001) and DFS (adjusted HRs = 2.83, 95% CIs: 1.59-5.04,
= 0.0003) among the Asian, and no association was found for the Caucasian (
> 0.05). Besides, the HRs of miR-17-92 family high expression in tissue and serum samples was 1.68 (1.35-2.09) and 2.20 (1.08-4.46) for OS, and 1.73 (0.80-3.74) and 3.37 (2.25-5.02) for DFS. It also found that high expression of miR-17-92 family predicted a poor OS in breast cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma and other cancers. Findings suggest that miR-17-92 family can be an effective predictor for prognosis prediction in cancer patients.
分离自成都大熊猫兽舍空气中的一株金黄杆菌属新种的鉴定 Cai-fang WEN Li-xin XI Shan ZHAO Zhong-xiang HAO Lu LUO Hong LIAO Zhen-rong CHEN Rong SHE Guo-quan HAN San-jie CAO Rui WU Qi-gui YAN Rong HOU
浙江大学学报：B卷英文版,
2016, Volume:
17, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Objective:
The elucidation of CYP2D6 developmental pharmacogenetics in children has improved, however, these findings have been largely limited to studies of Caucasian children. Given the clear ...differences in CYP2D6 pharmacogenetic profiles in people of different ancestries, there remains an unmet need to better understand the developmental pharmacogenetics in populations of different ancestries. We sought to use loratadine as a substrate drug to evaluate the effects of ontogeny and pharmacogenetics on the developmental pattern of CYP2D6 in Chinese pediatric patients.
Methods:
Chinese children receiving loratadine treatment were enrolled in the present study. The metabolite-to-parent ratio (M/P ratio), defined as the molar ratio of desloratadine to loratadine of trough concentrations samples at steady-state condition, was used as a surrogate of CYP2D6 activity. Loratadine and desloratadine were determined by LC/MS/MS method. Variants of CYP2D6 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction for CYP2D6 *4, *10, *41 and long polymerase chain reaction for CYP2D6 *5.
Results:
A total of 40 patients were available for final analysis. The mean age was 4.50 (range 0.50–9.00) years and the mean weight was 19.64 (range 7.00–42.00) kg. The M/P ratio was significantly lower in intermediate metabolizers (IMs) compared to normal metabolizers (NMs) (10.18 ± 7.97 vs. 18.80 ± 15.83,
p
= 0.03). Weight was also found to be significantly associated with M/P ratio (
p
= 0.03).
Conclusion:
The developmental pharmacogenetics of CYP2D6 in Chinese children was evaluated using loratadine as a substrate drug. This study emphasizes the importance of evaluating the developmental pharmacogenetics in populations of different ancestries.
Glioma is one of the most malignant forms of brain tumor, and has been of persistent concern due to its high recurrence and mortality rates, and limited therapeutic options. As a cardiac glycoside, ...ouabain has widespread applications in congestive heart diseases due to its positive cardiac inotropic effect by inhibiting Na+/K+‑ATPase. Previous studies have demonstrated that ouabain has antitumor activity in several types of human tumor, including glioma. However, the exact underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The purpose of present study was to elucidate the effect of ouabain on human glioma cell apoptosis and investigate the exact mechanism. U‑87MG cells were treated with various concentrations of ouabain for 24 h, following which cell viability and survival rate were assessed using a 3‑(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The dynamic changes and cell motility were observed using digital holographic microscopy. Additionally, western blot analysis and high‑content screening assays were used to detect the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p‑)Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p‑mTOR and hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF)‑1α, respectively. Compared with the control group, ouabain suppressed U‑87MG cell survival, and attenuated cell motility in a dose‑dependent manner (P<0.01). The downregulation of p‑Akt, mTOR, p‑mTOR and HIF‑1α were observed following treatment with 2.5 and 25 µmol/l of ouabain. These results suggested that ouabain exerted suppressive effects on tumor cell growth and motility, leading to cell death via regulating the intracellular Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and inhibiting the expression of HIF‑1α in glioma cells. The present study examined the mechanism underlying the antitumor property of ouabain, providing a novel potential therapeutic agent for glioma treatment.
Ischemia postconditioning (PTC) can reduce myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the effectiveness of PTC cardioprotection is reduced or lost in diabetes and the mechanisms are largely ...unclear. Hyperglycemia can induce overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS) in the myocardium of diabetic subjects. However, it is unknown whether or not iNOS especially its overexpression plays an important role in the loss of cardioprotection of PTC in diabetes. C57BL6 and iNOS−/− mice were treated with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Part of diabetic C57BL6 mice were also treated with an iNOS specific inhibitor, 1400 W. Mice were subjected to myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion with/without PTC. The hemodynamic parameters, plasma levels of cardiac troponin T (cTnT), TNF-α, IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) were monitored. The myocardial infarct size, superoxide anion (O2−) generation, nitrotyrosine production and apoptosis were measured. The expression of phosphorylated Akt, endothelial NOS (eNOS), iNOS and Erk1/2 in ischemic heart were detected by immunoblot analysis. In diabetic C57BL6 and iNOS−/− mice, the post-ischemic hemodynamics were impaired, the cTnT, TNF-α, IL-6 level, myocardial infarct size, apoptotic index, O2− and nitrotyrosine generation were increased and the Akt/eNOS signal pathways were inhibited. PTC improved hemodynamic parameters, reduced cTnT level, myocardial infarct size, apoptotic index, O2− and nitrotyrosine generation and activated Akt/eNOS and Erk1/2 signal pathways in both non-diabetic C57BL6 and iNOS−/− mice as well as diabetic iNOS−/− mice, but not in diabetic C57BL6 mice. PTC also increased NO production in both non-diabetic and diabetic C57BL6 and iNOS−/− mice, and enhanced iNOS expression in non-diabetic C57BL6 mice. 1400 W restored the cardioprotection of PTC in diabetic C57BL6 mice. Our data demonstrated that PTC reduced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in non-diabetic mice but not C57BL6 diabetic mice. Deletion of iNOS restored the cardioprotection of PTC in diabetic mice. Our findings suggest that iNOS plays a key role in the reduction of cardioprotection of PTC in diabetes and may provide a therapeutic target for diabetic patients.
•iNOS overexpression reduced the cardioprotection of PTC in diabetic mice.•Deletion of iNOS restored the cardioprotection of PTC in diabetic mice by activating Akt/eNOS and Erk1/2.•PTC restored its protective effect in iNOS-/- diabetic mice by decreasing of superoxide anion and nitrotyrosine formation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Imaging systems are widely applied in harsh environments where the performance of shallow‐designed systems may deviate from expectation. As a representative scenario, environmental temperature ...variation may degrade image quality due to thermal defocus and sensor response, resulting in blur and noise. However, extensive athermalization in optics usually requires a complex design process and is limited by materials. Herein, a multibranch computational imaging scheme is developed, using emerging generative adversarial networks as the postprocessing to compensate for degradation of all kinds caused by thermal defocus and noise. In addition, a temperature controllable data acquisition, division, and mixture scheme is described to facilitate effective datasets for model robustness. Experiments on a vehicle lens and a mobile phone lens reveal that the proposed multibranch learned strategy notably increases image quality in the temperature range of 0–80 °C, and outperforms conventional athermalization in most instances, which is beneficial to lowering the design and manufacturing costs of imaging systems.
A temperature‐robust, multibranch computational imaging modality is developed, using generative adversarial networks as the postprocessing to compensate for degradation of all kinds caused by thermal defocus and noise in shallow‐designed imaging systems. With the temperature division and dataset mixture, the proposed multibranch scheme outperforms traditional athermalization and is beneficial to lowering the design and manufacturing cost of the imaging system.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Increased evidence has showed that normal high density lipoprotein (HDL) could convert to dysfunctional HDL in diseases states including coronary artery disease (CAD), which regulated vascular ...endothelial cell function differently. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an extensive role in various important biological processes including endothelial cell function. However, whether lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of HDL metabolism and HDL-induced changes of vascular endothelial function remains unclear. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with HDL from healthy subjects and patients with CAD and hypercholesterolemia for 24 h, then the cells were collected for lncRNA-Seq and the expressions of lncRNAs, genes and mRNAs were identified. The bioinformatic analysis was used to evaluate the relationship among lncRNAs, encoding genes and miRNAs. HDL from healthy subjects and patients with CAD and hypercholesterolemia leaded to different expressions of lncRNAs, genes and mRNAs, and further analysis suggested that the differentially expressed lncRNAs played an important role in the regulation of vascular endothelial function. Thus, HDL from patients with CAD and hypercholesterolemia could cause abnormal expression of lncRNAs in vascular endothelial cells to affect vascular function.
•Normal and aberrant HDL cause different expression of lncRNAs, genes, and mRNAs.•There exist complex interactions among lncRNAs, encoding genes and miRNAs.•The abnormal expression of lncRNAs involved in the regulation of vascular function.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
ObjectiveClinical trials of children’s drugs are of great significance to rational drug use in children. However, paediatric drugs trials in China are facing complex challenges. At present, the ...investigation data on registration status of paediatric drug trials in China are still relatively lacking, and relevant research is urgently needed.MethodsThe advanced retrieval function is used to retrieve clinical trials data in the Clinical Trial.gov and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry databases in 22 April 2019. Fifteen key items were analysed to describe trial characteristics, including: registration number, study start date (year), mode of funding, type of disease, medicine type, research stage, research design, sample size, number of experimental groups, placebo group, blind method, implementation centre, child specific, newborn specific and participant age.ResultsA total of 1388 clinical trials of paediatric drugs conducted in China were registered. The number of paediatric drug trials grew steadily over time, from less than 20 per year before 2005 to more than 100 per year after 2012. Most clinical trials were postmarketing (n=800, 57.6%), single-centre (n=1045, 75.3%), intervention studies (n=1161, 83.6%) without blinded methods (1169, 84.2%) and funded by non-profit organisations (n=838, 60.4%). The number of clinical trials for antineoplastic agents (n=254, 18.3%), anti-infectives (n=156, 11.2%) and vaccines (n=154, 11.1%) is the largest.ConclusionPaediatric drug trials in China made a significant progress in recent years. Innovative method and trial design optimisation should be encouraged to accelerate paediatric clinical research. Pharmaceutical companies need to be further stimulated to carry out more high-quality paediatric clinical trials with support of paediatric drug legislation.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of short noncoding RNAs that can posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression in animals. They are also involved in cancer initiation and progression, and ...their expression profiles serve as phenotypic signatures of different cancers. The roles played by microRNAs specifically in “micromanagement of metastasis” has been addressed only recently. The molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis are still poorly understood. Recent evidence implies genetic determinants of cancer metastasis. Because gene expression signature significantly differs between primary metastasis-free HCC and primary HCC with intrahepatic metastases, miRNA expression in those primary HCC may change correspondingly. The 28 up-regulated miRNAs, part of the reported miRNA profiles of HCC, were compared in primary HCC with or without metastases. Only eight miRNAs were found to be significantly up-regulated in primary HCC with metastases while miR-9 had the highest hold change. miR-9 was highly expressed in SK-Hep-1 cell when compared with other hepatoma cell lines and downregulation of miR-9 reduced SK-Hep-1 cell invasion. E-cadherin, a tumor invasion suppressor in HCC, was found to be a putative gene target of miR-9. E-cadherin was up-regulated by miR-9 inhibitor. The findings suggest miR-9 could be involved in HCC metastasis.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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