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The formation of adhesions during healing of an injured tendon remains a difficult problem in clinical practice. Local anti-inflammation gene delivery provides high local gene ...concentration, reduces the inflammatory response of the injured tendon microenvironment, and decreases systemic side effects to enhance in vivo efficacy. In this study, we designed a novel local sustained gene delivery system by using cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2)-engineered miRNA plasmid/nanoparticles embedded in hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel to reduce flexor tendon adhesions. The local sustained gene delivery system significantly downregulates COX-1 and COX-2 expression in the tendon tissue and the surrounding subcutaneous tissue. More importantly, this plasmid/nanoparticle hydrogel system significantly reduced tissue adhesion formation. This approach offers an effective therapeutic strategy to reduce tendon adhesions by directly targeting the down-regulation of COX-1 and COX-2 expression within the microenvironment of the injured tendon.
A local sustained gene delivery system was developed to regulate the expression of targeted genes in the specific time and location for tendon adhesion treatment. The engineered miRNA plasmid/nanoparticles embedded in hyaluronic acid hydrogel were synthesized to downregulate the expression of cyclooxygenases in the tendon tissue during the early stage of tendon healing with inflammatory response. This plasmid/nanoparticle hydrogel system offers an effective therapeutic strategy to attenuate the formation of tendon adhesion through direct downregulation of COX-1 and COX-2 expression within the microenvironment of the injured tendon.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Non‐benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have received a lot of attention because of their unique optical, electronic, and magnetic properties, but their synthesis remains challenging. ...Herein, we report a non‐benzenoid isomer of peri‐tetracene, diazulenorubicene (DAR), with two sets of 5/7/5 membered rings synthesized by a (3+2) annulation reaction. Compared with the precursor containing only 5/7 membered rings, the newly formed five membered rings switch the aromaticity of the original heptagon/pentagon from antiaromatic/aromatic to non‐aromatic/antiaromatic respectively, modify the intermolecular packing modes, and lower the LUMO levels. Notably, compound 2 b (DAR‐TMS) shows p‐type semiconducting properties with a hole mobility up to 1.27 cm2 V−1 s−1. Moreover, further extension to larger non‐benzenoid PAHs with 19 rings was achieved through on‐surface chemistry from the DAR derivative with one alkynyl group.
A (3+2) annulation reaction has been used to synthesize diazulenorubicenes (DARs), non‐benzenoid nanographenes containing two sets of 5/7/5 membered rings. These compounds show red‐shifted absorptions, low LUMO energies, aromaticity switching, and high charge mobilities up to 1.27 cm2 V−1 s−1. Furthermore, on‐surface synthesis with the DAR compounds leads to large non‐benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with hexagons/pentagons or hexagons/heptagons have been intensively investigated in recent years, but those with simultaneous presence of hexagons, pentagons and ...heptagons remain rare. In this paper, we report dicycloheptaijkl,uvwxrubicene (DHR), a non‐benzenoid isomer of dibenzobc,klcoronene with two pentagons and two heptagons. We developed an efficient and scalable synthetic method for DHR by using Scholl reaction and dehydrogenation. Crystal structure of DHR shows that the benzenoid rings, two pentagons and two heptagons are coplanar. The bond lengths analysis and the ICSS(1)zz and LOL‐π calculations indicate that the incorporation of two formal azulene moieties has an effect on the conjugated structure. The π‐electrons of benzenoid and pentagon rings are more delocalized. Cyclic voltammetry studies indicate that DHR shows multiple oxidation and reduction potentials. Interestingly, DHR exhibits unusual S0 to S2 absorption and abnormal anti‐Kasha S2 to S0 emission. Moreover, crystals of DHR exhibit semiconducting behaviour with hole mobility up to 0.082 cm2 V−1 s−1.
New nanographene: The gram‐scale synthesis of a stable and planar nanographene containing two pentagons and two heptagons is described. The material can be used as p‐type semiconductor in organic field effect transistors.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have attracted much attention in recent years due to their potential applications. However, the development of organic RTP emitters with a ...long lifetime and high quantum yield remains a great challenge owing to the weak molecular spin–orbit coupling and high sensitivity to oxygen. In this paper, a new purely organic RTP emitter, 3,3″,4,4″‐diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DPS), is reported which shows an excitingly ultralong lifetime up to 1.08 s and high phosphorescence quantum yield of 8%. When anhydride units in DPS are transformed into imides, the RTP performance in terms of lifetime and quantum yield is decreased. The presence of multiple intermolecular interactions is favorable for the restriction of nonradiative decay and the promotion of spin–orbit coupling, which is further corroborated by theoretical calculations. The studies demonstrate that DPS is a promising structural motif for developing high‐performance organic RTP emitters.
A new room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emitter, 3,3′,4,4′‐diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DPS), with phosphorescence lifetime and quantum yield of 1.08 s and 7.99%, respectively, is reported. The studies show that DPS is a promising structural motif for developing single‐component high‐performance organic RTP emitters.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
For patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has become one of the options for clinical local treatment. Immune parameters, including ...platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune inflammatory (SII), predict survival in various cancers. This study aimed to determine whether peripheral immune parameters can predict survival in patients with uHCC undergoing IMRT and establish a clinically useful prognostic nomogram for survival prediction.
The clinical data of 309 HCC patients were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into training (n = 216) and validation (n = 93) cohorts. PLR, NLR and SII were collected before and after IMRT. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors affecting survival, which were used to generate a nomogram.
The median survival was 16.3 months, and significant increases in PLR, NLR, and SII were observed after IMRT (P < 0.001). High levels of immune parameters were associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.001); enlarged spleen, Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage (B and C), post-SII, and delta-NLR were independent risk factors for survival and were included in the nomogram, which accurately predicted 3- and 5-year survival. The nomogram was well verified in the validation cohort.
High levels of immune parameters are associated with poor prognosis in uHCC patients receiving IMRT. Our nomogram accurately predicts the survival of patients with uHCC receiving IMRT.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular diseases. Current evidences indicate that inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem ...cells (GMSC) have shown anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, the function of GMSC in controlling atherosclerosis is far from clear. The present study is aimed to elucidate the role of GMSC in atherosclerosis, examining the inhibition of GMSC on macrophage foam cell formation, and further determining whether GMSC could affect the polarization and activation of macrophages under different conditions. The results show that infusion of GMSC to AopE
mice significantly reduced the frequency of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages and decreased the plaque size and lipid deposition. Additionally, GMSC treatment markedly inhibited macrophage foam cell formation and reduced inflammatory macrophage activation, converting inflammatory macrophages to anti-inflammatory macrophages
. Thus, our study has revealed a significant role of GMSC on modulating inflammatory monocytes/macrophages and alleviating atherosclerosis.
To meet the urgent need of society for advanced photocatalytic materials, novel visible light driven heterostructured composite was constructed based on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) and fibrous ...TiO₂. The g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ (CNT) composite was prepared through electrospinning technology and followed calcination process. The state of the g-C₃N₄ and fibrous TiO₂ was tightly coupled. The photocatalytic performance was measured by degrading the Rhodamine B. Compared to commercial TiO₂ (P25
) and electrospun TiO₂ nanofibers, the photocatalytic performance of CNT composite was higher than them. The formation of CNT heterostructures and the enlarged specific surface area enhanced the photocatalytic performance, suppressing the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers while broadening the absorption range of light spectrum. Our studies have demonstrated that heterostructured CNT composite with an appropriate proportion can rational use of visible light and can significantly promote the photogenerated charges transferred at the contact interface between g-C₃N₄ and TiO₂.
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•Ni sites in Ni-MOF lead to the generation of free radicals (•OH and O2•-).•Ligands of Ni-MOF and rGO basement induce the production of 1O2 and active chlorine.•The electron transfer ...orientation in Ni-MOF/rGO composite was from rGO to Ni-MOF.
The highly conductive Ni–metal–organic framework/reduced graphene oxide (Ni-MOG/rGO) heterostructure shows an excellent catalytic activity through the modification of active sites, considerably enabling the electron transfer between rGO and Ni-MOF. However, the detailed mechanisms, i.e., the functions of separate metal sites and organic ligands and electron transfer orientation between Ni-MOFs and rGO, remain to be discussed. Here, the electrocatalytic mechanism of Ni-MOF/rGO was experimentally analyzed on the basis of the density functional theory. The dominant active sites of radical and nonradical generation were determined. Findings indicated that radicals (O2•− and •OH) and nonradicals (1O2 and active chlorine) contributed to paracetamol (APAP) degradation. Moreover, metal sites (Ni) were favorable to generate O2•− and partly •OH to initiate the reaction. By contrast, organic frameworks in Ni-MOF and rGO basement favored to generate •OH and nonradicals (1O2 and active chlorine). In this case, N sites (in Ni-MOF), which seized electrons from Ni sites, acted as the primary bonding bridge to accelerate the electron transfer from rGO to Ni-MOF. This study provided essential information to decipher the mechanism of Ni-MOF/rGO heterostructure applicable to the electrocatalytic system.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•Co-MOF/GO activated PMS could remove BAC in a wide pH range of 3–11.•SO4− and OH were identified as critical precursors for 1O2 generation rather than DO and O2–.•Co (II) and Co ...(III) act as dominant active sites for PMS attachment.
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-triggered non-radical pathways have potential for environmental application due to the high activity and pH tolerance of singlet oxygen (1O2). However, the mechanism of 1O2 generation remains unclear. Herein, new insights into 1O2 generation are discussed based on the postulated precursors of PMS, DO, O2–, SO4−, and OH with Co-MOF/GO catalyst. According to experimental results and theoretical calculation, Co (II) and Co (III) were identified as dominant active sites for PMS attachment, leading to the simultaneous breakage of S-O and O-O bonds and the generation of SO4−, OH, and 1O2. SO4− and OH were critical precursors for 1O2 generation, while PMS self-decomposition had a small contribution. DO and O2– acted more likely as quenchers than vital precursors of 1O2. Results provide in-depth understanding of the mechanism of 1O2 generation to broaden the application prospects of PMS oxidation technology.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Cyclophilins (CYPs) are a member of the immunophilin superfamily (in addition to FKBPs and parvulins) and play a significant role in peptidyl-prolyl
-
isomerase (PPIase) activity. Previous studies ...have shown that CYPs have important functions in plants, but no genome-wide analysis of the cotton
gene family has been reported, and the specific biological function of this gene is still elusive. Based on the release of the cotton genome sequence, we identified 75, 78, 40 and 38
gene sequences from
,
,
, and
, respectively; 221
genes were unequally located on chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 231
genes clustered into three major groups and eight subgroups. Collinearity analysis showed that segmental duplications played a significant role in the expansion of
members in cotton. There were light-responsiveness, abiotic-stress and hormone-response elements upstream of most of the CYPs. In addition, the motif composition analysis revealed that 49 cyclophilin proteins had extra domains, including TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat), coiled coil, U-box, RRM (RNA recognition motif), WD40 (RNA recognition motif) and zinc finger domains, along with the cyclophilin-like domain (CLD). The expression patterns based on qRT-PCR showed that six
expression levels showed greater differences between Xinhai21 (long fibres,
) and Ashmon (short fibres,
) at 10 and 20 days postanthesis (DPA). These results signified that
genes are involved in the elongation stage of cotton fibre development. This study provides a valuable resource for further investigations of
gene functions and molecular mechanisms in cotton.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
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