Drug usage analysis in pregnant women Raganova, A; Petrova, M; Gazova, A ...
Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journal,
01/2019, Volume:
120, Issue:
11
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
BACKGROUNDDrug usage in pregnant women is associated with a problem of possible negative influence on prenatal development. It is always necessary to judge the need for drug administration during ...pregnancy. OBJECTIVEThe aim of presented study was to analyse data about pregnant women hospitalized in the postpartum period. METHODSThe study was designed as a retrospective observational study including 300 women hospitalized at the 2nd Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Bratislava. Data were obtained through questionnaires in form of an interview. RESULTSThe average age of women was 30.79 ± 4.40 years. Risk pregnancy occured in 20.59 % of women. Chronic disorders before pregnancy required regular pharmacotherapy in 29.24 %. Drug usage analysis: I. trimester, 31 % used at least one drug, 52 % nutritional supplements, 63.3 % drug and/or nutritional supplement; II. trimester, 23 % used at least one drug, 45 % nutritional supplements, 58.3 % drug and/or nutritional supplement; III. trimester, 32 % used at least one drug, 67 % nutritional supplements, 75.3 % drug and/or nutritional supplement. CONCLUSIONDrug usage during pregnancy requires great precaution at choosing pharmacotherapy. The benefit of pharmacotherapy should always outweight the potential risk of administered drug (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 37).
The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the profile of users, the number and character of questions which were received during the period May 1997-December 2004.
The drug information centre ...(Druginfo) has been established in Slovak Republic at the Department of Pharmacology in May 1997. Since 2002 Druginfo is a member of International Register of Drug Information Services of the Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia. Druginfo provides voluntarily free of charge drug information for healthcare professionals.
Druginfo receives questions addressed via phone, fax and e-mail. The questions were replied by consulting pharmacologists on duty. The data for this study were obtained from records which include list the received questions and the basic information about the questioners.
The Druginfo received 495 questions during the period May 1997-December 2004. Questions were mostly from hospital physicians, followed by outpatient physicians and employees of the Faculty of Medicine. The most frequent specializations of the asking physicians were internal medicine, gynaecology-obstetrics, clinical pharmacology and general medicine. The most common topic was basic information about drugs, followed by questions concerning the use of drugs in pregnancy and lactation. According to the ATC classification the questions were most often related to antiinfective drugs, cardiovascular drugs and psychiatric drugs.
The existence of Druginfo in Slovak Republic represents a possibility of an open access to independent drug information. (Fig. 3, Ref. 11.)
Abstract
An interesting reading tends to be a summary of the dominant characteristics of each generation, which can be found in scientific and vocational publications as well as in media with ...popularization texts. Very often, we also identify among them our own characteristics and qualities, or those of our peers, children, and possibly other descendants. It is natural that the development of science and technology has a significant role in shaping the personality profile of the members of each generation during the historical development of society (for example, from the “lost” generation to the “alpha” generation). This factor influences the content, methodological and didactic aspects of the teaching process, i.e. what and how to teach. The authors of the paper have worked on several aspects of the preparation of teaching materials and their use in school physics, often with overlap with other science subjects. One of these aspects is, for example, the need to influence the emotional side of the student in learning processes, which is an important prerequisite for more permanent “inscriptions” of information in the student’s memory. For this process to work, knowledge of the dominant characteristics of the target group of students and the environment in which they grow up is essential.
Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the reciprocal teaching learning model based on multiple intelligences on the learning outcomes of students on vibration, waves ...and sound in class VIII Junior high school. Methodology: This research is experimental research conducted in junior high schools. The sample in this research was class VIII junior high school students. The sampling technique was carried out using a saturated sampling technique. Data collection uses the test method (multiple choice test) to obtain data about learning outcomes. Test the research hypothesis using the t-test. Main Findings: Based on t test calculations with a significance level of 5%, tcount = 3.01 while ttable = 1.994. Because tcount > ttable means that the average physics learning outcomes of students who are taught using the multiple intelligence-based reciprocal teaching learning model are effective on student learning outcomes. So, it can be concluded that learning using the reciprocal teaching learning model based on multiple intelligences on vibration, wave and sound material is effective on the learning outcomes of class VIII students in junior high schools. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research makes an important contribution in understanding how various learning strategies can be adapted to the individual needs and intelligence of students to improve their learning outcomes in complex material such as Waves, Vibrations and Sound.
One of the most important goals of science education is to develop understanding of natural systems. It is impossible to comprehensively understand the functioning of natural systems only by ...knowledge of one subject (physics, chemistry, biology, etc.). Therefore the application of the cross-curricular approach in teaching of science subjects is required. Besides the scientific knowledge the understanding of science research methods is important, too. This can be obtained with the use of inquiry-based activities in science lessons that provide possibilities to show students how science works. The aim of this paper is to introduce the strategy for the use of cross-curricular approaches in inquiry-based activities in science education that was implemented within the Chain Reaction project. The project targeted 14- to 16-year-old students who in groups investigated an interdisciplinary research problem and then presented their findings and experiences at national or international events. Cosmic Web Site represents an example of the activity that encourages students to learn various topics of physics as well as to use their knowledge and skills obtained at computer science lessons. The feedback from the teachers involved in Chain Reaction that was gained with the help of evaluation questionnaires indicates a positive impact of the used approach to the development of students’ skills and motivation to learn science subjects.
The paper outlines curriculum development activities that have been done in science education in the Slovak Republic as a result of an international collaboration within the frame of the Leonardo da ...Vinci II pilot project Computerised Laboratory in Science and Technology Teaching - ``ComLab-SciTech''. The created teaching and learning materials include integration of science curricula in two meanings: an integration of knowledge and methodology of physics, chemistry and biology, as well as an integration of various true and virtual computerised methods of experiments. The materials contain suggestions for student investigative activities, in which life science processes are studied with the use of laboratory models.
Computer simulations seem to be one of the most effective ways to use computers in physics education. They encourage students to carry out the processes used in physics research: to question, ...predict, hypothesise, observe, interpret results etc. Their effective use requires an availability of appropriate teaching resources fitting secondary schools curricula.
This paper presents a set of computer simulations that cover the curriculum area of Mechanics and are designed to fit directly to curricula and textbooks used at Slovak grammar schools. All simulations are accompanied by brief instructions for teachers, including suggestions for learning activities and problem tasks for students. Some of them are designed as virtual laboratories.
The developed simulations were tested with a group of secondary school students and evaluated also by groups of future and practising physics teachers. The paper presents and discusses findings and conclusions from the both runs of the testing.
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