Since the introduction of HPV vaccines, several studies have been conducted in different countries to assess HPV knowledge and vaccine acceptance. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic ...literature review to summarize results and identify factors associated with HPV knowledge and vaccine acceptance in adolescents and their parents and to compile the measurement tools used in the published research studies performed in European countries where HPV is licensed.
A systematic literature review was conducted for studies published between January 1st 2006 and December 31st 2017.
Seventy non-interventional studies performed in 16 European countries met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-eight of them reported data on HPV knowledge and 40 reported data on HPV vaccine acceptance. Further, 51.8% of adolescents (range 0% to 98.6%) and 64.4% of parents (range 1.7% to 99.3%) knew about HPV infection. Insufficient information and safety concerns were the main barriers to vaccination acceptance.
HPV knowledge and vaccine acceptance are still modest and vary widely between studies across EU countries. Coordinated efforts should be made to provide the relevant population with information for informed decision-making about HPV vaccination.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective: To identify the therapeutic value of the Montessori Method in people with dementia compared to conventional occupational therapy. Methods: A qualitative methodology framed within the ...phenomenology approach was extracted, using the focus group technique to study the phenomenon. Three focus groups were selected, formed by three occupational therapists in each one. The Consolidated Criteria for Qualitative Research Reporting (COREQ) are followed for this study. Results: The Montessori Method influences the performance skills necessary for participation of the person with dementia in their daily occupations, improving and/or maintaining their functionality in the activities of daily living, especially in feeding, in instrumental activities and in the social participation. Occupational therapists value that the Montessori Method contemplates meaningful activity, and it is used in a complementary way in their intervention with this group. Conclusions: The Montessori Method is a technique that is used in a complementary way to others in the intervention with people with dementia. It impacts the occupational performance of people with dementia. It is valued by occupational therapists for considering aspects such as significant activity, the possibility of breaking down tasks as well as adaptation, error control and the manipulative nature of the materials and activities it proposes.
Objetivos: identificar el valor terapéutico del Método Montessori en personas con demencia frente a la terapia ocupacional convencional. Métodos: se utilizó una metodología de tipo cualitativa enmarcada dentro del enfoque de la fenomenología, utilizando la técnica de grupos focales para estudiar el fenómeno de estudio. Se llevaron a cabo tres grupos focales, formados por tres terapeutas ocupacionales en cada uno. Se siguió los criterios del Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) para el presente estudio. Resultados: el Método Montessori influye en las habilidades de desempeño necesarias para la participación de la persona con demencia en sus ocupaciones diarias, mejorando y/o manteniendo su funcionalidad en las actividades de la vida diaria, especialmente en la alimentación, en las actividades instrumentales y en la participación social. Las terapeutas ocupacionales valoran que el Método Montessori contemple la actividad significativa y es utilizado de manera complementaria en su intervención con este colectivo. Conclusiones: El Método Montessori es una técnica que se utiliza de manera complementaria a otras en la intervención con personas con demencia. Impacta en el desempeño ocupacional de las personas con demencia. Es valorado por las terapeutas ocupacionales por contemplar aspectos como la actividad significativa, la posibilidad de desglosar las tareas, así como la adaptación, el control del error y la naturaleza manipulativa de los materiales y actividades que propone.
Xenophagy has been studied in epithelial cells infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). Distinct autophagy receptors target this pathogen to degradation after ...interacting with ubiquitin on the surface of cytosolic bacteria, and the phagophore- and autophagosome-associated protein MAP1LC3/LC3. Glycans exposed in damaged phagosomal membranes and diacylglycerol accumulation in the phagosomal membrane also trigger S. Typhimurium xenophagy. How these responses control intraphagosomal and cytosolic bacteria remains poorly understood. Here, we examined S. Typhimurium interaction with autophagy in fibroblasts, in which the pathogen displays limited growth and does not escape into the cytosol. Live-cell imaging microscopy revealed that S. Typhimurium recruits late endosomal or lysosomal compartments that evolve into a membranous aggregate connected to the phagosome. Active dynamics and integrity of the phagosomal membrane are requisite to induce such aggregates. This membranous structure increases over time to become an aggresome that engages autophagy machinery at late infection times (> 6 h postentry). The newly formed autophagosome harbors LC3 and the autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 but is devoid of ubiquitin and the receptor CALCOCO2/NDP52. Live-cell imaging showed that this autophagosome captures and digests within the same vacuole the aggresome and some apposed intraphagosomal bacteria. Other phagosomes move away from the aggresome and avoid destruction. Thus, host endomembrane accumulation resulting from activity of intracellular S. Typhimurium stimulates a novel type of aggrephagy that acts independently of ubiquitin and CALCOCO2, and destroys only a few bacteria. Such selective degradation might allow the pathogen to reduce its progeny and, as a consequence, to establish persistent infections.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Background: ICT competencies are now essential for nurses in optimizing their care services and their training. Objective: To analyze knowledge, attitudes and practices related to ICT, in de ...population of public hospital and ISP’s nurses of Alto Paraná, Paraguay. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and transversal study was conducted. Data were collected from 130 professionals, during June and July of the year 2011, through interviews and by application of a questionnaire of open and closed questions and a Likert scale.
Results: The dimensions of knowledge and use shows elementary levels, but the attitude toward ICT is favorable. Discussion: This last fact and the finding of a predominantly young population suggest that interventions aimed at training have a high probability of success.
Antecedentes: Las competencias en las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TICs) son imprescindibles actualmente para que los profesionales de enfermería las apliquen en la optimización de sus servicios de cuidado y en su formación continua. Objetivo: Analizar los conocimientos, prácticas y actitudes, relacionadas con las TICs, de los profesionales de enfermería de hospitales públicos y del Instituto de Previsión Social del Alto Paraná, Paraguay Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Participaron 130 profesionales del Departamento. Los datos fueron recogidos durante los meses de junio a julio del año 2011, mediante entrevistas y con la aplicación de un cuestionario de preguntas abiertas y cerradas y una escala de tipo Likert. Resultados: Las dimensiones de conocimiento y uso revelan niveles elementales, pero la actitud hacia dichas tecnologías se muestra favorable. Discusión: La reflexión sobre este último dato y la constatación de una población predominantemente joven sugieren que intervenciones con miras a la formación tengan altas probabilidades de éxito.
Background: ICT competencies are now essential for nurses in optimizing their care services and their training. Objective: To analyze knowledge, attitudes and practices related to ICT, in de ...population of public hospital and ISP’s nurses of Alto Paraná, Paraguay. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and transversal study was conducted. Data were collected from 130 professionals, during June and July of the year 2011, through interviews and by application of a questionnaire of open and closed questions and a Likert scale.Results: The dimensions of knowledge and use shows elementary levels, but the attitude toward ICT is favorable. Discussion: This last fact and the finding of a predominantly young population suggest that interventions aimed at training have a high probability of success.
Bladder cancer is lethal in its advanced, muscle-invasive phase with very limited therapeutic advances
. Recent molecular characterization has defined new (epi)genetic drivers and potential targets ...for bladder cancer
. The immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy but only in a limited fraction of bladder cancer patients
. Here, we show that high G9a (EHMT2) expression is associated with poor clinical outcome in bladder cancer and that targeting G9a/DNMT methyltransferase activity with a novel inhibitor (CM-272) induces apoptosis and immunogenic cell death. Using an immunocompetent quadruple-knockout (Pten
; Trp53
; Rb1
; Rbl1
) transgenic mouse model of aggressive metastatic, muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we demonstrate that CM-272 + cisplatin treatment results in statistically significant regression of established tumors and metastases. The antitumor effect is significantly improved when CM-272 is combined with anti-programmed cell death ligand 1, even in the absence of cisplatin. These effects are associated with an endogenous antitumor immune response and immunogenic cell death with the conversion of a cold immune tumor into a hot tumor. Finally, increased G9a expression was associated with resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 inhibition in a cohort of patients with bladder cancer. In summary, these findings support new and promising opportunities for the treatment of bladder cancer using a combination of epigenetic inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
IMPORTANCE: It is estimated that only 27% of patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion who undergo successful reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy are disability free at 90 ...days. An incomplete microcirculatory reperfusion might contribute to these suboptimal clinical benefits. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether treatment with adjunct intra-arterial alteplase after thrombectomy improves outcomes following reperfusion. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Phase 2b randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial performed from December 2018 through May 2021 in 7 stroke centers in Catalonia, Spain. The study included 121 patients with large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombectomy within 24 hours after stroke onset and with an expanded Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia angiographic score of 2b50 to 3. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized to receive intra-arterial alteplase (0.225 mg/kg; maximum dose, 22.5 mg) infused over 15 to 30 minutes (n = 61) or placebo (n = 52). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was the difference in proportion of patients achieving a score of 0 or 1 on the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (range, 0 no symptoms to 6 death) in all patients treated as randomized. Safety outcomes included rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and death. RESULTS: The study was terminated early for inability to maintain placebo availability and enrollment rate because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Of 1825 patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombectomy at the 7 study sites, 748 (41%) patients fulfilled the angiographic criteria, 121 (7%) patients were randomized (mean age, 70.6 SD, 13.7 years; 57 women 47%), and 113 (6%) were treated as randomized. The proportion of participants with a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1 at 90 days was 59.0% (36/61) with alteplase and 40.4% (21/52) with placebo (adjusted risk difference, 18.4%; 95% CI, 0.3%-36.4%; P = .047). The proportion of patients with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 24 hours was 0% with alteplase and 3.8% with placebo (risk difference, −3.8%; 95% CI, −13.2% to 2.5%). Ninety-day mortality was 8% with alteplase and 15% with placebo (risk difference, −7.2%; 95% CI, −19.2% to 4.8%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among patients with large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke and successful reperfusion following thrombectomy, the use of adjunct intra-arterial alteplase compared with placebo resulted in a greater likelihood of excellent neurological outcome at 90 days. However, because of study limitations, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary and require replication. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03876119; EudraCT Number: 2018-002195-40
•The biological plausibility of BPA actions upon the brain has been described.•BPA is a widespread EDC with proven adverse effects on brain and behavior in animals.•Prenatal BPA exposure has been ...related to more behavior problems in children.•Less is known about the relation between postnatal exposure and childhood behavior.•BPA exposure during the pre-pubertal period may also affect children's behavior.
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has been shown to affect human brain neurodevelopment and behavior.
We aimed to investigate whether environmental exposure to BPA in children was associated with their childhood behavior.
Urinary BPA concentrations and behavioral characteristics were assessed in 300 children belonging to the INMA “Environment and Childhood” Granada birth cohort in their follow-up at 9–11 years of age. BPA concentrations were quantified in urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS–MS), and child behavior reported by parents using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6–18) under supervision of a psychologist. The association between BPA concentrations and CBCL standardized scores was analyzed using linear regression models, adjusted for important covariates.
Median (P25, P75) BPA concentration was 4.76 (2.77, 9.03)μg/L. Mean (±SD) CBCL externalizing and internalizing scores were 56.35 (±8.06) and 51.36 (±9.22), respectively. In multivariate regression analyses, adjusted for maternal and child characteristics, higher BPA concentrations were associated with worse behavioral scores on all scales. Children with BPA concentrations in the 4th quartile had more somatic complaints (β=2.35; 95% CI: 0.25, 4.46) and social (β=1.71; 95% CI: 0.19, 3.22) and thought problems (β=2.58; 95% CI: 0.66, 4.51) in comparison to those in the 1st quartile. Children with values in the 3rd quartile of BPA concentrations also showed greater social problems (β=1.94; 95% CI: 0.43, 3.45).
Our results suggest that exposure to BPA in childhood may affect children's behavior. Although further investigations are required, preventive measures should be undertaken to reduce inadvertent exposure to BPA.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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