A confusion of curves Raper, Simon
Significance (Oxford, England),
June 2022, 2022-06-01, 20220601, Volume:
19, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Francis Galton was beguiled by the normal distribution, believing it could split the natural world into a spectrum of types – with each type represented by its own “bell curve”. But he was wrong in ...this belief, and his ideas for separating and shifting the bell curves of human types helped pave a dark path. By Simon Raper
Francis Galton was beguiled by the normal distribution, believing it could split the natural world into a spectrum of types — with each type represented by its own “bell curve”. But he was wrong in this belief, and his ideas for separating and shifting the bell curves of human types helped pave a dark path. By Simon Raper.
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2.
The end of determinism Raper, Simon
Significance (Oxford, England),
December 2020, 2020-12-01, 20201201, Volume:
17, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Simon Raper chronicles the rise and fall of the deterministic view of the universe – the idea that all events can be explained entirely by their causes – and how this change in mindset altered our ...understanding of probability
Simon Raper chronicles the rise and fall of the deterministic view of the universe – the idea that all events can be explained entirely by their causes – and how this change in mindset altered our understanding of probability.
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3.
Leo Breiman's “Two Cultures” Raper, Simon
Significance,
February 2020, 2020-02-01, 20200201, Volume:
17, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Open access
Simon Raper continues his exploration of key moments in the history of statistics with a close look at Leo Breiman's 2001 critique of the data modelling and algorithmic modelling cultures. Almost 20 ...years on, Breiman's words are perhaps more relevant than ever
Simon Raper continues his exploration of key moments in the history of statistics with a close look at Leo Breiman's 2001 critique of the data modelling and algorithmic modelling cultures. Almost 20 years on, Breiman's words are perhaps more relevant than ever.
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Statisticians – like many professions – are not immune from the rise of pointless work, says Simon Raper
Statisticians ‐ like many professions ‐ are not immune from the rise of pointless work, says ...Simon Raper.
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In this second article in our series on key moments in the history of statistics, Simon Raper invites us to a field in England, where R. A. Fisher urged scientists to stop trying to control nature ...and embrace randomness instead
In this second article in our series on key moments in the history of statistics, Simon Raper invites us to a field in England, where R. A. Fisher urged scientists to stop trying to control nature and embrace randomness instead.
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In the third in our series of articles on key moments in the history of statistics, Simon Raper explores the philosophical ideas of Karl Pearson, and his belief that parameters and distributions, not ...things, are the proper object of scientific study
In the third in our series on key moments in the history of statistics, Simon Raper explores the philosophical ideas of Karl Pearson, and his belief that parameters and distributions, not things, are the proper object of scientific study.
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The shock of the mean Raper, Simon
Significance,
December 2017, 2017-12-01, 20171201, Volume:
14, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Open access
Simon Raper recounts the history of the arithmetic mean, why scientists of the past rejected the idea, and why their concerns are still relevant in the ongoing struggle to communicate statistical ...concepts
Simon Raper recounts the history of the arithmetic mean, why scientists of the past rejected the idea, and why their concerns are still relevant in the ongoing struggle to communicate statistical concepts.
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Simon Raper begins a new series on key moments in the history of statistics, starting in seventeenth‐century Switzerland with theologian‐turned‐mathematician Jacob Bernoulli, whose study of ...probability helped change the face of scientific inquiry
Simon Raper begins a new series on key moments in the history of statistics, starting in seventeenth‐century Switzerland with theologian‐turned‐mathematician Jacob Bernoulli, whose study of probability helped change the face of scientific inquiry
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Why good science is good business Raper, Simon
Significance (Oxford, England),
February 2017, 20170201, Volume:
14, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Ideas developed by a twentieth‐century philosopher, when applied by statisticians, can help companies improve decision‐making, says Simon Raper
Ideas developed by a twentieth‐century philosopher, ...when applied by statisticians, can help companies improve decision‐making, says Simon Raper.
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Preoperative embolization for intracranial meningiomas offers potential advantages for safer and more effective surgery. However, this treatment strategy has not been examined in a large comparative ...series. The purpose of this study was to review our experience using preoperative embolization to understand the efficacy, technical considerations and complications of this technique.
We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing intracranial meningioma resection at our institution (March 2001 to December 2012). Comparisons were made between embolized and nonembolized patients, including patient and tumor characteristics, embolization method, operative blood loss, complications, and extent of resection. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors predictive of operative blood loss and extent of resection.
Preoperatively, 224 patients were referred for embolization, of which 177 received embolization. No complications were seen in 97.1%. There were no significant differences in operative duration, extent of resection, or complications. Estimated blood loss was higher in the embolized group (410 versus 315 mL, P=.0074), but history of embolization was not a predictor of blood loss in multivariate analysis. Independent predictors of blood loss included decreasing degree of tumor embolization (P=.037), skull base location (P=.005), and male sex (P=.034). Embolization was not an independent predictor of gross total resection.
Preoperative embolization is a safe option for selected meningiomas. In our series, embolization did not alter the operative duration, complications, or degree of resection, but the degree of embolization was an independent predictor of decreased operative blood loss.
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