The uniqueness of this case is the presentation of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors arising from the mandible as a colossal tumor of size of about 28 cm and weight of 1.5 kg after the first ...cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains controversial and can be avoided if margin negative resection is feasible.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Brown Tumour or Osteitis fibrous cystic or Von-Recklinghausen disease of bone is a non-malignant condition due to abnormal metabolism of bones in hyperparathyroidism. Although pathognomonic of ...hyperparathyroidism, brown tumours are rare and only case reports are found in literature. We report a case of brown tumour of mandible with recurrent episodes of bleeding. A 46 year old male patient presented in emergency with bleeding from ulceroproliferative mass from left floor of mouth. After control of bleeding, radiological, laboratory and histopathological investigations were done that led to the diagnosis of brown tumour of mandible in the presence of parathyroid adenoma of left lower parathyroid gland. Left upper and lower parthyroidectomy was done with segmental resection of mandible with mass and titanium plating. Brown tumour of facial bones is a rare entity. Very rarely it can reach enormous sizes to cause bleeding. Although parathyroidectomy and correction of parathormone levels cause regression of small tumours, large brown tumours with complications should be managed with surgical resection and reconstruction.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Spindle epithelial tumor with thymic like elements (SETTLE) is a biphasic tumor composed of epithelial and spindle cell components. It is an uncommon indolent tumor arising in the thyroid gland and ...most commonly affects the children and young adults. This entity is mostly overlooked because of its rarity and diagnostic difficulty on morphology. We discuss two cases of SETTLE with varied presentation, diagnostic challenges and lessons learnt from them.SETTLE should be considered as a differential especially when dealing with a thyroid lesion in young and adolescent. The article discusses the histologic details and common mimickers to be borne in mind aiding in arrival at the final diagnosis on biopsy specimens.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Oral carcinoma cuniculatum (OCC) is a rare squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) variant with low incidence often due to misdiagnosis. This report aims to highlight this unique variant of SCC which is ...suggested to have a better prognosis with a focus on its histopathological features in comparison with similar clinical entities.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Background The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends thyroid lobectomy for 1 to 4 cm tumors without adverse features. We studied the prevalence of adverse pathological features in patients ...eligible for unilateral lobectomy. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with tumors measuring 1 to 4 cm with no known preoperative adverse features were included in this study. Patients with nodal and distant metastasis, tumors <1 cm to > 4 cm, age < 17 years old, and gross extrathyroidal extension were excluded. Patients with bilateral nodularity on imaging were excluded from the final analysis on adverse features. Results There were 59.1% of patients undergoing thyroidectomy with tumors measuring 1 to 4 cm and no preoperatively known adverse features who were eligible for lobectomy under current ATA guidelines who would have needed a completion thyroidectomy after pathological analysis of the index tumor. Conclusion Two thirds of the patients may require a completion thyroidectomy if unilateral lobectomy is done in tumors measuring 1 to 4 cm based on adverse pathological features.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Retinoblastoma, the most common primary intraocular malignant neoplasm in young children, show frequent metastasis to lymph nodes, central nervous system and bones. However, retinoblastoma ...metastasizing to parotid gland is very rare. We here present 2 cases of isolated parotid gland metastasis in two children with unilateral retinoblastoma.
Case 1 was a one-year-old child presenting with left globe lesion which was diagnosed as Retinoblastoma. Post chemotherapy, enucleation was done which on histopathology examination showed retinoblastoma with scleral invasion and anterior chamber seeding. On 3 month follow up, patient presented with left parotid swelling. He underwent Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and Core needle biopsy which confirmed retinoblastoma metastasizing to parotid following which superficial parotidectomy was done as it was a solitary hotspot on PET-CT followed by localized radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
While case 2, a 6-year-old child presented with left parotid swelling with a history of undergoing enucleation 3 months earlier in an outside hospital; Enucleation slides were reviewed in addition to patient undergoing FNAC and Biopsy from parotid swelling, all of which were consistent with Retinoblastoma metastasizing to parotid; This patient was lost to follow up;
Although rare with only a few case reports in literature, both the pathologist and the clinician should be aware of retinoblastoma metastasizing to parotid, which when diagnosed and treated promptly has overall better prognosis in the cases reported so far.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Head and neck osteosarcoma is an uncommon yet aggressive tumor which presents therapeutic challenges to get favourable results. Surgery remained the most effective treatment modality in this entity ...eventhough chemoradiotherapy have been tried in various studies for better outcome but still not yet becomes the standard in the management of these cases unlike in extremity osteosarcoma. We present our experience in the management of this uncommon yet lethal malignant tumor, i.e. head and neck osteosarcoma. To study the clinicopathological and prognostic features of Osteosarcoma in head and neck subsite. Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with head and neck osteosarcoma between 2003 and 2019. Total of 25 patients were included in our study. Mean age of our population is 27.5 years with slight male predominant. Mandible is the most commonly involved site. Multimodal treatment applied with surgical resection forms the main part in the management. Median DFS and OS were 16 and 36 months respectively with 5 year overall survival of 42%. Out of the various factors studied, absence of surgery, margin positivity are the principle features affecting the prognosis. Head and neck osteosarcoma is generally a jaw bone tumor commonly occurs in young adults with poor outcome. Since there is no universal guidelines to address this uncommon tumor, multiple studies have shown various results in the management. Till date, surgery remained the curative modality with mixed response on the role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Cutaneous horns are uncommon lesions which consist of proliferation of keratotic material resembling that of an animal horn. This lesion most commonly occurs in sun-exposed areas, particularly the ...face, ear, nose, forearms and dorsum of hands. The purpose of the study was to highlight the atypical presentation of squamous cell carcinoma as a giant cutaneous horn along with the review of literature. Case details were obtained from hospital records and clinical and histopathological findings were noted. Herein we report two cases of giant cutaneous horn associated with an underlying carcinoma presenting at an uncommon site. Both the patients were adults and had a chronic history of a skin lesion over the affected sites. Wide local excision was performed in both cases and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a cutaneous horn with a well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma at the base of the horn. Cutaneous horns are commonly associated with benign lesions and rarely with malignant conditions. It is imperative to biopsy the base of the horn to rule out any underlying malignancy. Proper surgical excision with adequate margins is the preferred treatment in case of an underlying malignancy.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Background
The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends thyroid lobectomy for 1 to 4 cm tumors without adverse features. We studied the prevalence of adverse pathological features in patients ...eligible for unilateral lobectomy.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with tumors measuring 1 to 4 cm with no known preoperative adverse features were included in this study. Patients with nodal and distant metastasis, tumors <1 cm to > 4 cm, age < 17 years old, and gross extrathyroidal extension were excluded. Patients with bilateral nodularity on imaging were excluded from the final analysis on adverse features.
Results
There were 59.1% of patients undergoing thyroidectomy with tumors measuring 1 to 4 cm and no preoperatively known adverse features who were eligible for lobectomy under current ATA guidelines who would have needed a completion thyroidectomy after pathological analysis of the index tumor.
Conclusion
Two thirds of the patients may require a completion thyroidectomy if unilateral lobectomy is done in tumors measuring 1 to 4 cm based on adverse pathological features.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
