We report a new case of a cellular blue nevus with clinicopathologic atypia. It was a large lesion presenting clinically as a vascular tumor located in the middle of the back. It grew for 2 years ...without skin ulceration. The pathological study suggested a cellular blue nevus with moderate nuclear atypia, without any atypical mitosis and necrosis. The differential diagnosis such as malignant blue nevus and melanoma are discussed in search of a better definition of these rare lesions.
The RF transceivers architectures are to integrate the concept of software radio. But, in the case of mobile terminal, hard constraints are imposed by the factor of mobility. Low power and very ...complex circuits are claimed by the telecommunication industry. Classical architectures are no more sufficient to challenge this goal. New systems are thus proposed, and the concept of software defined radio (SDR) is a step on the roadmap toward software radio (SR). This paper presents a state of the art of SDR circuits and explores the application of a analog signal processor SR chip.
Isotopically resolved fragments with Z<=20 have been studied with high resolution telescopes in a test run for the FAZIA collaboration. The fragments were produced by the collision of a 84Kr beam at ...35 MeV/nucleon with a n-rich (124Sn) and a n-poor (112Sn) target. The fragments, detected close to the grazing angle, are mainly emitted from the phase-space region of the projectile. The fragment isotopic content clearly depends on the n-richness of the target and it is a direct evidence of isospin diffusion between projectile and target. The observed enhanced neutron richness of light fragments emitted from the phase-space region close to the center of mass of the system can be interpreted as an effect of isospin drift in the diluted neck region.
Thermal scaling (Arrhenius law for an “elementary” probability
p of binomial function) and reducibility in intermediate mass fragments (IMF's) production are examined for data of the reaction
129Xe+
...nat
Sn at 50 MeV/u. The study of the longitudinal velocities and of the average transverse energies of the IMF's contradicts the assumption that the total transverse energy of all detected particles
E
t
is related to a well defined temperature. The separation of
E
t
into the total transverse energy of light charged particles (
Z=1,2) and that of IMF's elucidates the algorithm which induces a linear behavior of log(1/
p) versus
1/
E
t
. Even in the case of a single thermalized source, calculations based on a sequential statistical model show that the Arrhenius law cannot be observed if
E
t
is taken as an estimation of the thermal energy.
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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is closely associated to stress-reactive structures in the central and peripheral nervous system. In the periphery, the peptide is colocalized with catecholamines in ...postganglionic sympathetic fibres and the adrenal medulla. In the brain, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus receives a dense innervation of NPYergic neurons, some of which also contain monoamines. With the use of a specific immunoradiometric assay, we have demonstrated that NPY is released into the peripheral circulation during psychological stress together with catecholamines. The postganglionic origin of the peptide was demonstrated by the activity of the nicotinic antagonist hexamethonium to attenuate the response. Adrenalectomy or insulin-induced hypoglycemia did not alter basal or stimulated NPY plasma levels, showing that the adrenal is not a major source of circulating NPY in the rat. Although NPY and noradrenaline are frequently released in parallel in various experimental conditions, a clear dissociation can be found in several cases, such as cold stress or the response to phentolamine, where no change can be seen in plasma NPY despite a large activation of noradrenergic terminals. Furthermore, the neuropeptide may play a role in stress-induced pathological states such as hypertension, since its release is greater in animals previously submitted to chronic stress and high-sodium diet. On the other hand, its role in the central nervous system control mechanisms of the stress response is far from being clear, but to understand the interaction of NPY we need a better knowledge of the role of noradrenergic neurons in the central control of the adrenocortical axis or sympathetic nervous system activity.
The effect of LCB29 was tested on twitch characteristics, tetanic tension, and K+ and voltage-clamp contractures of rat soleus muscle fibers. In concentrations ranging from 10(-6) to 5 x 10(-4) M, ...LCB29 simultaneously inhibited the twitch amplitude, the maximum rate of tension development, and the maximum rate of relaxation. In concentrations ranging from 10(-5) to 10(-4) M, tetanic tension (100 Hz, 1 s) was inhibited by the same amount. The effect of 5 x 10(-5) M LCB29 was studied on K+ contractures and contractures induced, under voltage-clamp conditions, by long-lasting depolarizations. Its effect was significantly stronger than those on twitch and tetanic tension. In addition, LCB29 had a dual effect on strength--duration curves for mechanical threshold. It increased both the rheobasic potential and the steepness of the curve. It is concluded that LCB29 exerts a direct myorelaxant effect on rat soleus muscle; two sites of action are probably involved.
The software-defined radio (SDR) concept aims at designing a re-configurable radio architecture accepting all cellular or non-cellular standards working in the 0-5 GHz frequency range. Some technical ...challenges have to be solved in order to address this concept. A fully digital SDR system implying an A/D conversion close to the antenna is not feasible in the case of mobile terminal. This paper presents the design of an analog processor which process RF signal in order to elect and convert into digital only the desired RF signal envelope. It uses the principle of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to carry out basic analog functions with high accuracy at a low power consumption. Schematic and post layout simulations are exhibited. Estimated die area and power consumption are numbered.
The near-Earth asteroid (3200) Phaethon is an intriguing object: its perihelion is only at 0.14 au and is associated with the Geminid meteor stream. We aim to use all available disk-integrated ...optical data to derive reliable convex shape model of Phaethon. By interpreting the
available space- and ground-based thermal infrared data and Spitzer spectra using a thermophysical model, we also aim to further constrain its size, thermal inertia, and visible geometric albedo. We apply the convex inversion method to the new optical data obtained by six instruments together with the already existing observations. The convex shape model is then used as an input for the thermophysical modeling. We also study the long-term stability of Phaethon’s orbit and spin axis by a numerical orbital and rotation-state integrator We present a new convex shape model and rotational state of Phaethon – sidereal rotation period of 3.603958(2) h and ecliptic coordinates of the preferred pole orientation of (319◦ , −39◦) with a 5◦ uncertainty. Moreover, we derive its size (D=5.1±0.2 km), thermal inertia (Γ=600±200 J m-2s -1/2K -1), geometric visible albedo (pV=0.122±0.008), and estimate the macroscopic surface roughness.
We also find that the Sun illumination at the perihelion passage during past thousands of years is not connected to a specific area on the surface implying non-preferential heating.
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