O artigo compara o conteúdo das Normas de Auditoria Governamental com os processos de auditoria que são efetivamente realizados nos diversos Tribunais de Contas brasileiros em relação às contas de ...governos municipais. Ainda, identifica o escopo de auditoria priorizado pelos Tribunais de Contas e se esta é realizada presencialmente. As práticas de auditoria realizadas por 105 Auditores de Tribunais de Contas foram coletadas e comparadas com a percepção de 344 contadores municipais a eles jurisdicionados. Os resultados apontam para baixa observação de uso padronizado de Normas de Auditoria Governamentais, dando evidências do gap regulação-prática. Complementa-se que o escopo de auditoria dos Tribunais de Contas é voltado à legalidade, com baixa atenção à auditoria presencial. O artigo discute as implicações das práticas de auditoria observadas sobre (i) o monitoramento da atual reforma na contabilidade pública, (ii) as informações consolidadas no Balanço do Setor Público Nacional (BSPN), e (iii) mecanismos de accountability no desenho de políticas públicas.
The presence of immune elements (generating a fraction of cure) in survival data is common. These cases are usually modeled by the standard mixture model. Here, we use an alternative approach based ...on defective distributions. Defective distributions are characterized by having density functions that integrate to values less than
1
, when the domain of their parameters is different from the usual one. We use the Marshall–Olkin class of distributions to generalize two existing defective distributions, therefore generating two new defective distributions. We illustrate the distributions using three real data sets.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The globally threatened European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is the only freshwater fish native to Macaronesia. Despite being a keystone species to freshwater habitats, little is known about its ...population, environmental associations and conservation requirements in oceanic islands.
The density and geographical‐related factors influencing the distribution of A. anguilla in the subtropical Archipelago of Madeira (Portugal) were examined. Data on the species occurrence was initially collected using an online survey addressed to citizens. Eels were then sampled through electrofishing in 31 sampling sites along 11 streams on Madeira Island, and eel‐habitat associations were investigated using LMMs and GLMMs. One stream was also sampled in Porto Santo Island.
The presence of A. anguilla was confirmed in the two islands of the archipelago with streams (Madeira and Porto Santo). Eels are distributed throughout Madeira Island, being more abundant – particularly small size individual– at lower altitudes (mostly below 150 m). The number of weirs was an important predictor of eel density, suggesting that these flood‐control structures limit their upstream migration.
This study represents a pioneer sampling effort of the European eel in Madeira and results provide much‐needed baseline information on the species distribution and related environmental factors in oceanic islands. While most eel research has historically focused on mainland habitats where dams pose a significant threat to eel habitats, our study underscores the critical importance of addressing smaller, often overlooked barriers that may also cause habitat fragmentation.
The European eel is a panmictic species, thus, the conservation of the Macaronesian subpopulations can have substantial benefits for its global recovery. A comprehensive investigation of the impact of man‐made obstacles on eel habitat is still needed. Similarly, other common threats such as interactions with non‐indigenous species and infection by Anguillicola crassus should be a research priority in future studies.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Logic Programming languages, such as Prolog, provide a highlevel, declarative
approach to programming. Despite the power, flexibility and good performance
that Prolog systems have achieved, some ...deficiencies in Prolog?s evaluation
strategy - SLD resolution - limit the potential of the logic programming
paradigm. Tabled evaluation is a recognized and powerful technique that
overcomes SLD?s susceptibility in dealing with recursion and redundant
sub-computations. In a tabled evaluation, there are several points where we
may have to choose between different tabling operations. The decision on
which operation to perform is determined by the scheduling algorithm. The two
most successful tabling scheduling algorithms are local scheduling and
batched scheduling. In previous work, we have developed a framework, on top
of the Yap Prolog system, that supports the combination of different linear
tabling strategies for local scheduling. In this work, we propose the
extension of our framework to support batched scheduling. In particular, we
are interested in the two most successful linear tabling strategies, the DRA
and DRE strategies. To the best of our knowledge, no other Prolog system
supports both strategies simultaneously for batched scheduling. Our
experimental results show that the combination of the DRA and DRE strategies
can effectively reduce the execution time for batched evaluation.
nema
Este artigo procura identificar como os pontos de vendas de produtos de luxo da moda de vestuário e acessórios estão configurados no Brasil. Com esse objetivo, aborda aspectos como a apresentação ...externa das lojas, o seu ambiente interno, o atendimento, as práticas de vendas e de manutenção dos clientes, o crédito, as embalagens e pacotes, além dos serviços adicionais. O estudo está fundamentado em pesquisa exploratória com técnicas qualitativas de coleta e análise de dados. Foram entrevistados executivos e gerentes de lojas das empresas que detêm as marcas Fit, Andréa Saletto, Permanente e Marina Rinaldi, instaladas na cidade de São Paulo. Constatou-se que o ponto de vendas é um recurso essencial para esse negócio e que o relacionamento pessoal vendedor/cliente é indispensável para as vendas, associado a um conjunto de ações de encantamento que envolvem as vitrines e o ambiente interno. Foi igualmente observado que a hospitalidade resulta da integração entre atividades e recursos internos e, também, que 70% a 80% das vendas são parceladas no cartão de crédito. Além disso, verificou-se que as vendas são concluídas com a sofisticação das embalagens, pacotes e sacolas, além de serviços de ajuste das peças, que se estendem à casa das clientes. Cabe acrescentar que questões relevantes foram suscitadas, como o que seria uma vantagem competitiva entre essas marcas e se as pessoas efetivamente ricas compram à prestação.
Aldosterone/salt induces renal inflammation and fibrosis in hypertensive rats.
We evaluated the role of aldosterone as a mediator of renal inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of aldosterone/salt ...hypertension using the selective aldosterone blocker, eplerenone.
Unnephrectomized, Sprague-Dawley rats were given 1% NaCl (salt) to drink and randomized to receive treatment for 28 days: vehicle infusion (control); 0.75 μg/hour aldosterone subcutaneous infusion; or aldosterone infusion + 100 mg/kg/day oral dose of eplerenone. Blood pressure and urinary albumin were measured and kidneys were evaluated histologically. Renal injury, inflammation, and fibrosis were assessed by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Aldosterone/salt induced severe hypertension compared to controls (220 ± 4 mm Hg vs. 131 ± 4 mm Hg, P < 0.05), which was partially attenuated by eplerenone (179 ± 4 mm Hg, P < 0.05). In aldosterone/salt treated rats, renal histopathologic evaluation revealed severe vascular and glomerular sclerosis, fibrinoid necrosis and thrombosis, interstitial leukocyte infiltration, and tubular damage and regeneration. Aldosterone/salt increased circulating osteopontin (925.0 ± 80.2 ng/mL vs. 53.6 ± 6.3 ng/mL) and albuminuria (75.8 ± 10.9 mg/24 hours vs. 13.2 ± 3.0 mg/24 hours) compared to controls and increased expression of proinflammatory molecules. Treatment with eplerenone reduced systemic osteopontin (58.3 ± 4.2 ng/mL), albuminuria (41.5 ± 7.2 mg/24 hours), and proinflammatory gene expression: osteopontin (OPN), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).
These findings indicate that aldosterone/salt–induced renal injury and fibrosis has inflammatory components involving macrophage infiltration and cytokine up-regulation. Attenuation of renal damage and inflammation by eplerenone supports the protective effects of aldosterone blockade in hypertensive renal disease.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•BREATHE was the first nationwide registry in Brazil that included patients hospitalized due to acute HF.•Almost 28% of patients were hospitalized due to poor adherence to HF medications.•Less than ...half of the patients with LVEF < 40% used beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors and spironolactone concomitantly at hospital discharge.•The mortality rate at 12 months was 28.9/100 patient-years, with 26.2% readmission at 90 days and 46.4% at 12 months.•Our findings should guide the implementation of quality-improvement interventions to help close the gap between scientific evidence and clinical practice in HF.
Heart failure (HF), a common cause of hospitalization, is associated with poor short-term clinical outcomes. Little is known about the long-term prognoses of patients with HF in Latin America.
BREATHE was the first nationwide prospective observational study in Brazil that included patients hospitalized due to acute heart failure (HF). Patients were included during 2 time periods: February 2011–December 2012 and June 2016–July 2018
In-hospital management, 12-month clinical outcomes and adherence to evidence-based therapies were evaluated.
A total of 3013 patients were enrolled at 71 centers in Brazil. At hospital admission, 83.8% had clear signs of pulmonary congestion. The main cause of decompensation was poor adherence to HF medications (27.8%). Among patients with reduced ejection fraction, concomitant use of beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors and spironolactone decreased from 44.5% at hospital discharge to 35.2% at 3 months. The cumulative incidence of mortality at 12 months was 27.7%, with 24.3% readmission at 90 days and 44.4% at 12 months.
In this large national prospective registry of patients hospitalized with acute HF, rates of mortality and readmission were higher than those reported globally. Poor adherence to evidence-based therapies was common at hospital discharge and at 12 months of follow-up.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A new species of Stygnidae Simon, 1879, Imeri ajuba sp. nov., is described based on males and females from Coari, Amazonas, Brazil. The new species, differs from the only other species of the genus, ...Imerilomanhungae Pinto-da-Rocha & Tourinho, 2012, in having the following characteristics: three white marks on posterior margin of dorsal scutum, one white mark on free tergite I, three pairs of tubercles on area I, one pair of tubercles on area II, femur IV with ventromesal row of five tubercles, truncus of penis with six pairs of setae on lateral and ventral sides and ventral plate with two pairs of distal setae on dorsal portion. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
RESUMO Este artigo trata das relações (arquitetônicas) entre Gregori Warchavchik e Wladimiro Acosta, através de uma atenção especial conferida a aspectos menores de suas obras iniciais. A partir ...desta aproximação à produção dos dois arquitetos, são feitas sugestões adicionais sobre a circulação de ideias arquitetônicas entre estratos geográficos e culturais, além de serem fornecidas pistas sobre as relações (arquitetônicas) entre Brasil e Argentina.
ABSTRACT This study focuses on the (architectural) relations between Gregori Warchavchik and Wladimiro Acosta, giving close attention to minor aspects of their early works. Exploring this approach, some additional suggestions are made about the circulation of ideas between cultural layers and about the (architectural) relations between Brazil and Argentina.
Purpose
This study aims to compare the predictive value of POSSUM, P-POSSUM, CR-POSSUM and CR-BHOM in colorectal surgical mortality and morbidity in patients over 80 years old.
Methods
This is a ...retrospective observational longitudinal study. A total of 991 patients who underwent major colorectal surgery between 2008 and 2012 in a secondary hospital in Portugal were screened, and 204 who were over 80 years old were included. Subgroup analysis was performed for malignant/benign disease and emergent/elective surgery. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and morbidity with Clavien–Dindo classification ≥2.
Results
Of the 204 patients included in this study, 155 had malignant disease, and 65 underwent emergent procedures. Overall average age was 84.3 ± 3.9 years (range 80–100). Overall surgical mortality and morbidity were 18.6 % (
n
= 38) and 52.4 % (
n
= 87), respectively. Expected mortality followed the order P-POSSUM<CR-POSSUM<CR-BHOM (
p
< 0.001), and expected morbidity followed the order POSSUM<CR-BHOM (
p
< 0.001) in all groups. All scores were higher in the emergent surgery group compared with elective surgery (
p
< 0.05). All scores had sensitivity below 60 %. Physiology scores were higher among patients with surgical mortality (
p
< 0.05), with no differences in operative scores.
Conclusions
In our population, CR-POSSUM was the best predictor of surgical mortality. POSSUM and P-POSSUM underestimated surgical mortality and morbidity, and CR-BHOM overestimated surgical mortality, being however the best predictor of morbidity. Nevertheless, none of the scores showed sufficient discriminatory power to have clinical application value. Moreover, our results suggest that, in elderly patients, it is the patient’s health status and not the type of surgery that is mainly responsible for the surgical outcome.
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EMUNI, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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