With the expression “Root Tourism”, one commonly intends the social phenomenon that leads emigrants and/or their descendents to return, frequently or occasionally, to their place of origin, on the ...basis of motivation linked, in a rather predominant way, to strengthen and/or to deepen one’s family identity (Perri, 2020). In this form of tourism, the decisive and absolutely dominating factor that drives the decision to make the journey is, therefore, connected to the knowledge and reconstruction of the person’s family history. The recomposition of identity which is targeted through the roots journey, in the case of the traveler who is an emigranted first generation, see satisfaction in visit the physical, social and cultural spaces that are already known and experienced. When, however, a descendant of emigrants takes on this journey, such as a relative (children, grandchildren, etc.), that is a person ahead in the generational line, will find satisfaction, by visiting in places where one’s ancestors were from, where theese worked and lived, and where they’re buried, adding up the information acquired by consulting records useful in the reconstruction of their family tree, through experiential interviews with the local population (relatives, friends, etc.). We define this type of travel experiences as “touristic”, as it is based on a temporary and non-instrumental stay, and on travelers who take on daily behaviors and visitation methods that essentially make them indistinguishable from other ranges of tourists (Romita and Perri, 2009), and where the absence of a daily relationship and physical presence renders the subjects as “other”, just as by definition all tourists are (Romita, 2021; Cohen, 1979), placing them in an alienating condition from the eyes of the local host community, which increases over time (Simmel, 1998; Schutz, 2013). However, the very aims of the trip make the root tourist, as it is perhaps easily understandable, a rather particular type of tourist, almost unique. The load of expectations and the emotional intensity that accompany the departure, transit and arrival are experienced with anxiety, as the experience that will be created could also lead to not only the “simple” desired identity reconstruction, but also to perhaps a partial redefinition of one’s own family’s identity situation. Whatever the case may be, the condition of alienation that we mentioned earlier belongs to all tourists, in the case of the root tourist, this alienation brings with it an identity that is the fruit of a flexible subjectivity. Identities develop and shape through everyday life and through the narration of family history linked to cultural origins. Therefore, identities, more or less hybrid or multiple, sometimes manifest in crises, as they are torn between the prevalent belonging to the original culture or to that of the places where one lives, or through languages resulting from a semantic compromise (between the original language and the acquired language), and which, from time to time, are defined through social relationships, the contingencies in which they find themselves and the consequent contaminations. People for whom the concept of “place” brings a constant redefinition to the notions of belonging, citizenship, frontier. The specific condition of the root tourist’s alienation has significant repercussions in the perception that the local host communities have of this social figure. The results of over ten years of research dedicated to the study of tourism and the root tourist, which we will use to develop this work, brings to conclusion that what we call "root tourism" for the local host communities is only partly so, and that this perception depends on the process of breaking down the multiple identities of these travelers.
The present work aimed to investigate the phenomenon of residential tourism from an interdisciplinary perspective, examining the relationships existing between the socio-economic data of the ...territory (in particular that on empty rooms) and the appraisal (relative to the market prices of buildings). The hypothesis is that, by crossing these different types of data, and using GIS technology, we can define a model for interpreting the phenomenon of residential tourism aimed at identifying the areas characterized by greater attractiveness. In particular, we started from the idea that it is possible to discriminate data on empty spaces using information on market quotations, and that the analytical synthesis of indicators defined to describe social and estimative phenomena can give an index of appreciation (which is a true numerical index) of the areas investigated. To this end, the case study referred to the Calabrian coasts, characterized by a significant spread of tourism in private homes.
As is known, for many years now, the economic and social development of urban areas, whether large or small, has been increasingly linked to the presence and level of diffusion of the tourist ...phenomenon. In such contexts, it is therefore extremely important for public governance to spend as fully as possible in creating situations that make one’s urban area capable of attracting an adequate shares of tourist flows (Semi, 2015). There is, however, an awareness that competition is now played out on a global and transmedia level (Jenkins, 2007), also through the design and provision of services and solutions that add value to the quality of local life (Nuvolati, 2007) and to the promised tourist experience (Augé, 1999). There is, moreover, an increasingly widespread belief that through place branding processes people's sense of belonging and territorial identity can be strengthened (Rizzi et al, 2018). The need to intervene is even more pressing in cases where urban areas have lost weight and relevance (Scattone, 2000), due to an economic and social structure that has not been able to adapt promptly to the changes undergone by society (Harvey, 2010). In fact, in these cases, we are faced with the problem of a reorganisation of public governance (Honh, Neuer, 2006) that also aims to recover the centrality and/or visibility of the place, as well as to mitigate the negative impacts that the 'crisis' has generated on the fabric of the city (unemployment, urban decay and abandonment, gentrification issues, etc.). In fact, in these cases, competition is even fiercer at the international level. For example, already more than thirty years ago, the Italian Fordist cities in crisis, in order to recover, had identified the tourism phenomenon as the sector in which to invest and, therefore, started urban regeneration processes that included the reconversion, reorganisation and reuse not only of abandoned urban areas, but also of some former industrial sites (for example, a well-known case is that of Genoa; Gazzola, 2006). Today, however, all this is no longer enough, and destinations wishing to compete in the national and international tourism market must also focus on building what is usually called place branding. That is, they must activate a mechanism of public governance capable of bringing out the emotional and experiential qualities of places, which can be summed up in a system of values with a clearly identifiable meaning. In this paper, we will deal with an element that we consider to be very special and not well known in the construction of place branding, which is what we call here "family storytelling". In particular, we intend to highlight the importance that "family storytelling" plays in the formation of place branding and the consequence in the local development of the destination. In this regard, we will make use of the case study of a particular and interesting tourist demand, which is that of those who travel to their family's places of origin, and the results of a qualitative survey involving a foreign community of Italian Americans.
La società attuale può essere definita come “società viaggiante”, caratterizzata, cioè, da una mobilità territoriale che ha raggiunto caratteri e dimensioni decisamente rilevanti, tanto che alcuni ...scienziati sociali propongono lo studio della mobilità territoriale (new mobility paradigm) quale modello concettuale di riferimento per la comprensione della società contemporanea e per l’analisi delle continue trasformazioni che caratterizzano la cultura contemporanea, riservando un ruolo importante alla mobilità turistica. Tuttavia, ciò che oggi maggiormente colpisce non è solo la notevole quantità di persone che si muovono sul pianeta Terra, ma anche la facilità e la rapidità con cui quantità ancora più ampie di persone realizzano ogni giorno “esperienze virtuali” di viaggio e soggiorno. Infatti, le attuali tecnologie attraverso cui, perennemente interconnessi, ci informiamo e comunichiamo con gli altri, rendono possibile, e ad un costo relativamente contenuto, il collegamento in tempo reale fra le persone di tutte le aree del mondo e con qualsiasi luogo ove sia presente una webcam. Nel presente lavoro, oltre che a descrivere il ruolo svolto dalle nuove tecnologie nel turismo post-moderno, si proporrà una riflessione sul ruolo giocato dallo sviluppo della mobilità virtuale sulla de-localizzazione e de-territorializzazione dei processi di formazione del senso di appartenenza spaziale e temporale.
The Industry 4.0 revolution is bringing major transformations in the tourism systems design suitable for technologically oriented consumers. Indeed, methods and technologies introduced by Big Data, ...Automation, Virtual and augmented reality, Robotics and ICT well fit with the Tourism 4.0 paradigm. However, tourism students are not yet trained on techniques, issues and methods related to the Industry 4.0 framework.
Hence, relying on a careful examination of the literature on tourism market trends linked to the offer of innovative technological services, we identified conceptual, methodological, technological and practical skills to be developed in an academic curriculum for Tourism Science students. Learning path were focused on: i) processes of data acquisition from social media, ii) data analysis using Machine Learning techniques and iii) data design into significant elements useful to implement communication systems in the tourism field.
showed that the most of participants achieved a medium-high evaluation for the implementation of the communication systems, applying appropriately techniques and tools learned along the course. Furthermore, the high percentage of students satisfaction registered in relation to the course, revealed that students enjoyed this experience. Outcomes reflects the acquisition and the awareness of those skills that will enable students to be conscious protagonists of their role in tourism 4.0.
•A lab course on techniques, issues and methods related to the I4.0 framework has been provided to Tourism Science students.•The course allowed students to get conceptual and practical skills related to Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics.•Students applied Bigdata analytics techniques to analyse tourists’ behaviour and their favourite locations.•Students developed a communication system, using the collected data and Design Thinking approach.•A questionnaire has then been administered to understand students’ evaluation of the lab course.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Le stime dell'UNWTO, fino ad ora sostanzialmente tutte rispettate, affermano che nel prossimo decennio la mobilità turistica e la portata globale supereranno la somma di un miliardo e mezzo di ...passeggeri. In questa prospettiva, spicca come priorità il tema dello sviluppo del turismo sostenibile, ovvero il controllo degli impatti della mobilità turistica sull'ambiente e sulla società e l'applicazione pratica dei principi della sostenibilità della vita vita quotidiana delle persone e gestione del territorio. L'impressione è di trovarsi di fronte ad una "sfida globale", alla quale si deve rispondere con modelli di reclutamento di uno sviluppo equilibrato e condiviso, non solo a livello locale ma a livello globale. Tuttavia, c'è un altro problema: le stime non includono completamente la mobilità turistica internazionale, dal momento che il fenomeno è poco noto alle statistiche ufficiali, turismo e mobilità residenziale, ovvero il movimento dei turisti che soggiornano in abitazioni private verso utilizzare in vacanza. Tuttavia, in Italia, come in molte altre parti del mondo, il turismo residenziale (o alloggio privato è un fenomeno sociale molto rilevante, che la massa del turismo organizzato convenzionale ha solo le radici in comune. Questo ruolo, utilizzando una parte del le innumerevoli attività di ricerca svolte negli ultimi dieci anni nella mobilità residenziale turistica del Centro di Ricerca e Studi sul Turismo dell'Università della Calabria, vuole sottolineare gli effetti positivi e negativi di questo tipo di mobilità turistica, in una situazione fenomeno su larga scala, e in un'area italiana tra le meno sviluppate del Paese.
In the last decade has the feeling that the tourism
industry "work hard"to place large-scale standardized tourism
products and fully managed.
In fact, so obvious is growing demand for private travel
...experiences, sometimes built by the tourists looking on the
internet an organization increasingly reliable, sometimes
offered by tour operators and travel agencies purposely
designed and developed with aim to offer products that cater to
small groups and even individual tourists.
This "new" tourism demand represents, in our view, a
restructuring of the fragmented and diverse demands of the
postmodern individual. This "new" tourism demand is known in
the common language of tourism as "tourism niches. "
In this paper we face some conceptual issues "niche tourism ,
and provide a specific reference to the Italian case.
Nell'ultimo decennio si ha come la sensazione che
l'industria del turismo "fatichi" nel collocare su larga scala
prodotti turistici standardizzati e totalmente eterodiretti.
In effetti, sta crescendo in modo evidente la domanda di
esperienze turistiche particolari, talvolta costruite in modo faida-
te dagli stessi turisti che trovano in Internet un partner
organizzativo sempre più affidabile, altre volte proposte da
tour operator e da agenzie di viaggio che nascono e si
sviluppano proprio con l'obiettivo di proporre prodotti che si
rivolgono a piccoli gruppi o, anche, a turisti individuali.
Questa "nuova" domanda di turismo, rappresenta, a nostro
avviso, una ricomposizione delle frammentate e diverse
esigenze dell'individuo postmoderno.
Questa "nuova" domanda di turismo, nel linguaggio
turistico corrente viene genericamente indicata con
l'espressione "turismi di nicchia".
Nel presente lavoro si affronteranno alcune questioni
concettuali relative alla questione "turismi di nicchia", e si
faranno particolari riferimenti al caso italiano.
En la última década se tiene la sensación que la industria
del turismo "trabaja duro" para colocar a gran escala productos
turísticos estandarizados y totalmente dirigidos.
En efecto, está creciendo de modo evidente la demanda
de experiencias turísticas particulares, construidas a veces por
los propios turistas buscando en Internet una organización cada
vez más fiable; otras veces ofrecidas por los operadores
turísticos y agencias de viajes concebidas y desarrolladas a
propósito con el objetivo de ofrecer productos que atienden a
pequeños grupos e, incluso, a turistas individuales.
Esta "nueva" demanda turística, representa, a nuestro
juicio, una recomposición de la fragmentada y diversa
exigencia del individuo postmoderno. Esta "nueva" demanda
del turismo se conoce, en el lenguaje turístico común, como
"turismo de nichos".
En el presente trabajo se afrontan algunas cuestiones
conceptuales relativas al "turismo de nichos", y se hará una
particular referencia al caso italiano.
The depopulation of rural areas is not only a problem affecting the European countries that suffer it, but also a social problem for each of us: it implies the loss of cultural and identity values, ...and produces serious territorial imbalances and environmental risks (biodiversity loss, etc.) where sustainability plays a major role. In this context, the study of demographic behaviors related to the arrival of new populations becomes so important. In this work, three categories of new rural populations these being independent from the permanent population will be taken into consideration: Rural Users, Nomadic and New Inhabitants. In Europe, due to a variety of reasons, the number of localities/towns that organize themselves to accommodate these new ways of population is steadily growing. However, the diversity of social-demographic and cultural contexts makes it difficult for the availability of a reference unitarian political framework regarding the reception of these new populations of rural areas.In the present study, aside from facing the issue of new populations in rural areas from a conceptual viewpoint, some cases pertaining to the assimilation of new populations within rural areas of Spain, France and Ireland will be shown
El despoblamiento de las áreas rurales no es solo un problema para los países de Europa que lo sufren sino también un problema social para todos: significa pérdida de valores culturales, de identidad, produce graves desequilibrios territoriales y riesgos ambientales (pérdida de biodiversidad, etc.), donde la sostenibilidad juega un importante papel. En este contexto es importante el estudio de las conductas demográficas relacionadas con la llegada de nuevas poblaciones. En este trabajo se considerarán tres categorías de nuevas poblaciones rurales, independientes de la población permanente: los Rural Users, los Trashumantes y los Nuevos Habitantes. En Europa, por diversos motivos, hay cada vez más localidades que se organizan para acoger estas nuevas formas de población. Pero la diversidad de contextos socio-demográficos y culturales dificulta disponer de una política de referencia unitaria sobre la acogida de estas poblaciones en áreas rurales.En el presente trabajo, además de afrontar la cuestión de las nuevas poblaciones en el área rural desde el punto de vista conceptual, se expondrán algunos casos de integración de nuevas poblaciones en áreas rurales de España, Francia e Irlanda.
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