Brachial plexus birth injury can lead to irreversible neuromuscular dysfunction and skeletal deformity of the upper extremity and shoulder girdle, ultimately resulting in glenohumeral dysplasia. ...Diagnosis and treatment of affected infants requires a multi-disciplinary approach in which imaging plays a vital role. While MRI is excellent for assessing both the shoulder and spine of these children, it is costly and requires sedation and is thus typically reserved for preoperative planning. US, however, is inexpensive, dynamic and readily available and provides excellent visualization of the largely cartilaginous glenohumeral joint. As such, it has become a highly useful modality during early diagnosis and follow-up of children with brachial plexus birth injuries. In this review, we describe the relevant anatomy of the glenohumeral joint, outlining the normal sonographic appearance as well as providing tips and tricks for identifying and characterizing pathology.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
ECAP has proved to be an effective method to obtain ultrafine grain structure. Methods like extrusion are used in industries to obtain Al-based alloys, and composites as high loads for pressing are ...recommended for powder consolidation without very high temperatures. In the present study, the alloyed powder was prepared by mechanical ball milling for homogeneous mixing, and ECAP was performed at Route A with 120° channel angle. Back pressure improves the homogeneity of the grain structure and reduces the crystallite size. SEM analysis reveals good bonding between the graphene and aluminium particles. Uniform dispersion of graphene particles present in the aluminium alloy is observed, and it indicates the formation of a homogenous grain structure. It is also observed to have decidedly fewer void spots that refer to pores present and the ECAP process improves grain refinement .
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in women, and it has a higher mortality rate than other cancers. As a result, early detection is critical. In computer-assisted disease diagnosis, ...accurate segmentation of the region of interest is a vital concept. The segmentation techniques have been widely used by doctors and physicians to locate the pathology, identify the abnormality, compute the tissue volume, analyze the anatomical structures, and provide treatment. Cancer diagnostic efficiency is based on two aspects: The precision value associated with the segmentation and calculation of the tumor area and the accuracy of the features extracted from the images to categorize the benign or malignant tumors. A novel deep-learning architecture for tumor segmentation is therefore proposed in this study, and machine learning algorithms are used to categorize benign or malignant tumors. The segmentation results improve the decision-making capability of the physicians to identify whether a tumor is malignant or not and normally, the machine learning techniques need expert annotation and pathology reports to identify this. This challenge is overcome in this work with the help of the GoogLeNet architecture used for segmentation. The segmentation results are then offered to the Support Vector Mchine, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Naïve Bayes classifier to improve their efficiency. Our work has provided better results in terms of accuracy, Jaccard and dice coefficient, sensitivity, and specificity compared to conventional architectures. The proposed model offers an accuracy score of 99.12% which is relatively higher than the other techniques. A 3.78% accuracy improvement is noticed by the proposed model against the AlexNet classifier and the actual increase is 4.61% on average when compared to the existing techniques.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The analysis of different components of a grid-linked hybrid energy system (HES) comprising a photovoltaic (PV) system is presented in this work. Due to the increase of the population and industries, ...power consumption is increasing every day. Due to environmental issues, traditional power plants alone are insufficient to supply customer demand. In this case, the most important thing is to discover another approach to meet customer demands. Most wealthy countries are now concentrating their efforts on developing sustainable materials and investing considerable amounts of money in product development. Wind, solar, fuel cells, and hydro/water resources are among the most environmentally benign renewable sources. To control the variability of PV generation, this sort of application necessitates the usage of energy storage systems (ESSs). Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most often used ESSs; however, they have a short lifespan due to the applied stress. Hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) started to evolve as a way to decrease the pressure on Li-ion batteries and increase their lifetime. This study represents a great power management technique for a PV system with Li-ion batteries and supercapacitor (SC) HESS based on an artificial neural network. The effectiveness of the suggested power management technique is demonstrated and validated using a conventional PV system. Computational models with short-term and long-term durations were used to illustrate their effectiveness. The findings reveal that Li-ion battery dynamical stress and peak value are reduced, resulting in longer battery life.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Configural information (spacing between features) contributes to face‐processing expertise in adulthood. We examined whether infants can be “trained” to process this information. In Experiment 1, ...3.5‐month‐olds failed to discriminate changes in the spacing between facial features. However, in Experiments 2 and 3, infants processed the same information after being primed with faces in which the spacing was repeatedly altered. Experiment 4 found that priming was not effective with inverted faces or with faces depicting changes in features but not relations among features, indicating that the priming exhibited in Experiments 2 and 3 was specific to upright faces depicting spacing changes. Thus, even young infants who do not readily process facial configural information can be induced to do so through priming. These findings suggest that learning to encode critical structural information contributes to the development of face processing expertise.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Structural cues, such as the relative size and arrangement of parts, are key aspects of adults' representation of human bodies, and they are used to derive significant social information such as age, ...sex, and attractiveness. Prior studies have not clearly addressed young infants' sensitivity to these body characteristics. In the current experiments, 3.5‐month‐olds exhibited a preference between images of intact bodies versus those with parts in wrong locations. Infants also discriminated between intact bodies and those with distorted part proportions. In both cases, infants discriminated when images were presented upright but not when they were inverted. These results indicate that infants are sensitive to the arrangement and size of human body parts at least by 3.5 months of age. Thus, contrary to some prior reports, body representation early in life is developed enough to include structural information.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•This is the first study on effect of plant-derived extract on cognitive quality in D. melanogaster.•D. hamiltonii extract contains novel antioxidant molecules.•Its neuroprotective effects have been ...reported in rat laboratory.•D. hamiltonii improves the age-related memory impairment (AMI) in D. melanogaster.•It also attenuates the transgenerational effect of parental age on F1 cognitive quality.
Age-associated accumulation of oxidative damage linked to decline of antioxidant defense mechanism, leads to impairment of cognitive function in many organisms. These damages can pass through generations and affect the cognitive quality of progenies. In Drosophila, classical olfactory conditioning results in the formation of different types of memory. Age-related memory impairment (AMI) causes reduction in middle term memory (MTM) and parental senescence causes decline in short-term memory (STM) of the offspring. We have further examined the neuromodulatory effect of Decalepis hamiltonii (Dh) root extract, which is a cocktail of novel antioxidant molecules, on the biochemical oxidative defenses in relation to cognitive ability of the aged flies and their offspring. There is a strong correlation between the age-related decline in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the lower cognitive ability of the aged flies and their offspring. Feeding of aged flies in the diet containing 0.1% Dh, markedly enhances the cognitive ability of both aged flies and their offspring which is associated with enhanced antioxidant defenses as evident for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Our findings, for the first time, show that the antioxidant-rich Dh root extract attenuates the age-related decline in cognitive ability of Drosophila, and also shows ameliorative effect on the memory of the offspring.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Selected triazole derivatives have been synthesised and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in natural aqueous environment by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarisation and ac impedance ...methods. All the condensed products showed good inhibition efficiency (IE). The effect of changing functional groups of some triazole derivatives on their inhibition efficiency was also reported using weight loss and potentiodynamic technique. 3-Salicylalidene amino-1,2,4-triazole phosphonate (SATP) was found to be the best corrosion inhibitor compare to the other compounds. Surface analysis was carried out to establish the mechanism of corrosion inhibition of mild steel in neutral aqueous media.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Split cord malformation (SCM) is a rare congenital anomaly of the spinal cord. Rarely, SCM coexists with a variety of dysraphic pathologies that occur at the same or different spinal level in a ...patient. Exceptionally rare is the occurrence of SCM type 1 and lipomeningomyelocele of each hemicord.
A 15-month-old girl presented with gradually progressive, painless swelling in the lower back since birth. Spinal imaging showed the presence of type I SCM associated with lipomeningomyelocele of each hemicord. Surgical exploration and detethering was done.
Management of such complex cases of spinal dysraphism is challenging. Delineating their embryologic basis, detailed radiologic assessment, and meticulous microneurosurgical techniques are the cornerstone for successful management.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The ACR recognizes that radiology practices are grappling with when and how to safely resume routine radiology care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although it is unclear how ...long the pandemic will last, it may persist for many months. Throughout this time, it will be important to perform safe, comprehensive, and effective care for patients with and patients without COVID-19, recognizing that asymptomatic transmission is common with this disease. Local idiosyncrasies prevent a single prescriptive strategy. However, general considerations can be applied to most practice environments. A comprehensive strategy will include consideration of local COVID-19 statistics; availability of personal protective equipment; local, state, and federal government mandates; institutional regulatory guidance; local safety measures; health care worker availability; patient and health care worker risk factors; factors specific to the indication(s) for radiology care; and examination or procedure acuity. An accurate risk-benefit analysis of postponing versus performing a given routine radiology examination or procedure often is not possible because of many unknown and complex factors. However, this is the overriding principle: If the risk of illness or death to a health care worker or patient from health care-acquired COVID-19 is greater than the risk of illness or death from delaying radiology care, the care should be delayed; however, if the opposite is true, the radiology care should proceed in a timely fashion.
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