The article focused on morphological peculiarities, chemical composition and function of the loricae in ciliates. Pseudochitinous (tectinous), hyaline and mucopolysaccharide loricae differ by ...chemical composition. There are also composite (pseudochitinous + mucopolysaccharide) and agglutinated loricae. The morphological features and associated protective properties of loricae and semi-loricae of sessile ciliates are also discussed. The increase in floatability of cells has been reported in literature as the main function of mucopolysaccharide and hyaline loricae in planktonic ciliates. It is the authors’ opinion that the main function of the lorica is to prevent the contact of extrusomes or other capturing organelles of unicellular predators or parasites from the cellular membrane of ciliates. It is also assumed that another important function of the semi-loricae and loricae in sessile ciliates is to protect joints between their stalk and zooid from hydrodynamic loads.
The article examines the actual amount of capital investment in agricultural production. It is determined that despite their rapid nominal growth in the national currency, the real amount of ...investment, translated into the US currency, is insufficient to meet the needs of expanded reproduction. It is assumed that the main causes of the capital investment deficit are excessive inflation, excessive business risks and non-fulfillment of government obligations. In the Ukrainian economy there is a positive dynamics of capital investment in the agricultural sector of production, denominated in the national currency – for the period 2010–2019 their average annual value amounted to UAH 35.4 billion, the growth rate was 120.5%. Their share in the structure of capital investments of the country's economy is also increasing. The volume of capital investment in the agricultural sector of the economy, translated into a more stable currency (US dollars), in the reporting year of 2019, was lower not only than in the previous two years, but also than in 2013–2013. Their average annual growth was 105.7%. The average annual volume of capital investments in agriculture, forestry and fisheries of Ukraine for 2010–2019 is $ 2.02 billion. This amount is insufficient, as agriculture alone requires at least $ 2.9 billion annually investment. Among the sources of financing capital investments in agriculture, forestry and fisheries of Ukraine in the reporting period, more than 90% were at the expense of enterprises and organizations. This is not a normal situation, which indicates that there is a curtailment of bank lending for investment needs of farmers' the State does not fulfill its obligations to support the development of the agricultural economy; foreign investors, given excessive business risks, are reluctant to invest in Ukrainian domestic agricultural production. Restoring confidence in the State, inflation targeting, judicial reform and the uncompromising fight against raiding are key tools for improving the investment climate and increasing capital investment in the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy.
The aim of this contribution is to present some ciliate reports from Amsterdam, the Netherlands. They are: Acineta nitocrae Dovgal, 1984, Metacineta micraster (Penard, 1914), Opercularia sp., ...Campanella sp., Platycola decumbens Ehrenberg, 1830, Thuricola folliculata Kent, 1881, and Stentor sp. The systematic position of the several finds of these species are given along with the related information in the study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that A. nitocrae has been reported in Northern European freshwaters, which is the third region after Ukraine and Canada where the species was found.
A review of experimental results obtained with the participation of the authors of this article, as well as in other studies on the generation and development of localized perturbations in two- and ...three-dimensional boundary layers, is presented. The accompanying wave phenomena and the contribution due to the spatio-temporal deformations of the velocity field of the initial laminar flow to its transition into turbulent state in boundary layers on the surface of aircraft, including small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are discussed.
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EMUNI, FZAB, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Objectives.
This article is devoted to the problem of processing and analysis of speech signals on the basis of the wavelet transform method, which has become one of the most relevant in recent ...years.
Method.
The growing relevance and undoubted practical value became the reason for the emergence of a large number of software systems that allow the processing of speech signals on the basis of this method. However, each of these systems has significant differences in the interface provided by the processing tools, functions, has a number of advantages and disadvantages. At the moment, a large number of manuals and recommendations for specific software packages have been written, but these materials are fragmented and unsystematic.
Result.
This article attempts to systematize the theoretical material and describe the similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of the three most popular software systems: 1) MATLAB 6.0/6.1/6.5 Wavelet Toolbox 2/2.1/2.2; 2) Mathcad; 3) Wavelet Explorer of Mathematica.
Conclusion.
This article will be useful for specialists dealing with the problem of speech signal processing using the wavelet transform method, as it contains material that has practical value, and will allow to facilitate the work of a specialist related to the selection of the optimal for the implementation of a specific task of the software complex.
Background. Lead compounds cause marked nonspecific morphofunctional changes in the vascular system. The negative influence of lead on the microcirculatory bed of the heart is established. In acute ...intoxication, first compensatory hypertrophy of the myocardium occurs, and in chronic cases structural changes in the form of a decrease in heart mass and left ventricular mass, development of uneven dilatation of the ventricular cavities, restructuring of the vascular bed and development of connective tissue. Objective. The study of histological and morphometric changes in the heart in the early postnatal period of development under conditions of administration of lead acetate. Methods. The effect of lead acetate on cardiac morphogenesis was modeled by administering the solution to pregnant animals intragastrically through the probe once a day throughout the gestation period. Animals of the study group received a 2.5% aqueous solution of lead acetate at a rate of 50 mg/kg of rat body weight per day. The females of the control group received distilled water. At 1, 5 and 7 days after birth, offspring were seized for the study of the morphogenesis of the heart. The heart was drawn and fixed in a 10% formalin solution. Samples were made from histological sections and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Morphometry of the heart was performed using software. The statistical evaluation was carried out using nonparametric methods. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Intergroup difference was determined by the Kruskal-Wallis criterion. Results. The structural basis of the disturbed morphogenesis is toxic damage to the myocardium and endocardium, which consisted in cell death and reduction of the cellular composition in the corresponding walls of the heart. At the same time, the increased density of nuclei in various phases of mitosis was recorded in the ventricular myocardium, which can be evaluated as a manifestation of regenerative processes. Such results indicate the polymorphism of the morphology of cardiomyocytes, the expansion of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed, as well as the considerable proliferation of connective tissue in the wall of the vessels and between the muscle fibers, and rarely mark the infiltration of leukocytes. Сonclusion. Morphological manifestations of dystrophic changes and initiation of the inflammatory reaction were revealed, and lesions were nonspecific for the atrium and ventricle and mainly consisted of interstitial edema.
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In this paper, we examine the combustion of a hydrogen microjet outflowing from a curved channel with a round micronozzle. Jet flows that are generated using rectilinear and curved channels differ ...in that, in the second case, Dean vortices make a noticeable contribution to the formation of the jet and its combustion. The interaction of the latter with Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices, the formation of which is typical for flows with a velocity shift, causes changes in the combustion characteristics. They include spatial distortions of the laminar flame zone near the nozzle exit, the area of turbulent combustion downstream, as well as the turbulent flame under the conditions of its separation from the nozzle exit and the cessation of laminar combustion in the initial section of the flow. The results of these studies provide the possibility to understand better the combustion features of hydrogen microjets under conditions of their hydrodynamic instability.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
A review of results obtained in recent years by the authors in studying the stability of flows with separation of the laminar boundary layer under the condition of flow modulation in space and time ...is presented. These results provide an insight into the influence of periodic inhomogeneities of the separation region on the development of its hydrodynamic disturbances and on the transition to the turbulent state near the body surface in a low-velocity air flow.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
10.
REGIMES OF COMBUSTION OF HYDROGEN MICROJETS Dovgal, A. V.; Kozlov, V. V.; Litvinenko, M. V. ...
Journal of applied mechanics and technical physics,
02/2023, Volume:
64, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Results of experimental studies of diffusion combustion of hydrogen microjets performed in recent years are presented. Specific features of the hydrogen flow structure and hydrogen combustion are ...studied for various shapes of the nozzle, jet exhaustion velocity, and gravitation. Hydrogen combustion in mixtures with other gases and periodic actions on microjets (in the case considered, by external acoustic disturbances, is also considered.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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