Based on the analysis results of the seismic diagnosis design of traditional houses in Kyoto, it has been considered that the surface soil amplification factor indicated in the guidelines may be ...overestimated. In this paper, we have analyzed the soil model used in the calculation of the amplification factor in the guidelines and that used in the earthquake damage estimation in Kyoto. As a result, the former soil model is not adequate for Kyoto city area. In addition, the lower limit of 1.23 is sufficient for the amplification factor used in the seismic diagnosis of traditional houses.
In this paper, first, an approximation formula for the amplification factor of the surface soil is proposed. However, since most of the traditional houses are located on good soil condition, the ...lower limit of surface soil amplification factor 1.23 may be acceptable in reality. On the other hand, the large amplification sites are hardly related to the large shaking area during the Hanaore-fault-zone earthquake which is deeply related to the safety of traditional houses in Kyoto. We also pointed out that increase in bearing capacity of houses may increase the deformation response in case of pulse-like ground motion input.
Seismic diagnosis has been carried out to improve the seismic safety of residential houses including those of traditional wooden houses by Kyoto municipal government. In this paper, we compiled the ...seismic evaluation data of 882 traditional wooden houses. Then, we statistically analyzed the structural characteristics indices of houses such as equivalent natural period and equivalent damping coefficient. We also analyzed the seismic performance indices such as the base shear coefficient. Finally, a seismic evaluation method of traditional wooden houses is also analyzed.
In this paper, we report the results of static loading tests on traditional wooden two-storied frames with through columns. The tests target a frame with column reinforced with a stainless steel ...plate and a frame reinforced with an FMS alloy damper for the purpose of reinforcing the joints against fracture caused by the axial force and bending moment of beams “Sashigamoi”. We also propose a practical 2-dimensional FEM model that evaluates the behavior of the joint and the frame of the traditional wooden two-storied frames, and compare the analysis results with the experimental results.
The purpose of this paper is to verify the accuracy of a density estimation method for columns of traditional timber buildings and to improve applicability of the method to actual buildings in repair ...site. In this paper, a specimen with hanging walls is used and the density of column is estimated from the changes of its fundamental frequency before and after adding weight. In the proposed method, the accuracy of density estimation increases as added weight gets heavier. Microphone measurement can estimate the density as well as accelerometer measurement although the accuracy is slightly lower.
The preservation district of groups of traditional buildings is an important category of cultural properties in Japan. Japan has entered an earthquake active period. However, conventional culturally ...and socially oriented site investigation methods hardly satisfy the requirements of risk management of district preservation. In this study, the authors introduce an investigation method from the structural and security perspectives. They explain the study procedure, methods and results. Results of the investigation of two coastal districts, namely, Ine and Yuasa, are comparatively studied, and regional disparities are highlighted. The study concludes that district vulnerability and house structural performance should be considered as important indices when making decisions regarding district preservation.
The 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake and the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake caused great damage to timber houses such as collapse. On the other hand, there are a lot of traditional timber buildings in Japan ...as the places for daily life and the cultural townscapes. The mechanical characteristics of these traditional timber buildings are not understood enough. Therefore, it is urgently necessary for the traditional timber buildings to construct reasonable and practical seismic evaluation methods. The planes with “large hanging walls” which consist of columns, tall hanging walls and large section beams called Sashigamoi in Japanese were founded in many traditional timber buildings. However, the plane with large hanging walls had not been focused in previous other study and the mechanical characteristics had not been investigated. Therefore, authors have performed the static loading tests of the full scale traditional timber planes with large hanging walls and analyzed the mechanical characteristics in detail1), 2). As the result, the collapse mode of the plane is closely related to the deformation performance in the plane with large hanging walls. Therefore, it is very important to identify the collapse mode of the planes with large hanging walls in evaluation of the deformation capacity of the planes. However, the collapse mode of the plane is not judged by the current method of seismic performance evaluation on structures with hanging walls3), 4). From the above, we propose a simple seismic performance evaluation method to estimate strength and collapse mode of a plane with large hanging walls in traditional timber buildings in this paper. First, a simple estimation equation of strength and collapse mode of a plane with large hanging walls is proposed. The proposed equation is based on addition of strength of columns and walls. Next, the static loading tests of the new specimens with large hanging walls and walls in the 1st story were conducted in addition to the past specimens with large hanging walls1), 2). Finally, the proposed equation is demonstrated by the test results of the specimens with large hanging walls. The major characteristics of the proposed equation are a) Consideration of flexural capacity deterioration of column at the beam-to-column joint, and b) Collapse mode judgement of plane. a) The columns of planes with large hanging walls tend to break at the tensile stress half of the flexural strength when bent with the tension side of the column inserted by beam called Sashigamoi in Japanese1), 2). From the above, the reduce coefficient of the flexural capacity is proposed to consider the tendency of the flexural capacity deterioration. b) The collapse modes of planes with large hanging walls are divided into two modes. One is 1st story collapse mode caused by breakage of columns, and the other is whole collapse mode caused by breakage of hanging walls. In 1st story collapse mode the plane gets to collapse with the sharp restoring force deterioration caused by breakage of columns. On the other hand, in whole collapse mode the plane can keep the restoring force until large deformation over 1/10rad with the gradual restoring force deterioration. The proposed equation makes it possible to judge easily the collapse mode of a plane with large hanging walls and consider a seismic reinforcement plan to change the 1st story collapse mode to the whole collapse mode. Furthermore, a plane with large hanging walls and walls in the 1st story is also possible to result in the 1st story collapse mode by breakage of the columns include the columns attached by the wall in the 1st story. This is caused by deformation concentration which develops as the walls in the 1st story damages.
In our research, we aim to provide a document that enable designers to easily recognize concerns which affect aseismic capacity of Kyo-machiya without carrying out frame analyses. To achieve the aim, ...we carried out frame analyses of typical frames to clarify concerns which affect their aseismic capacity in this paper. We revealed that the breakage of the through-column at the height of the beam or being pulled out and falling off of the beam may be caused depending on the deformation of the frame. These concerns can be solved by making the deformations of the first and second story uniform.
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