Guilt of minors is the focus of scientific and professional thematization, which has gained regional relevance through numerous tragic events, i.e. crimes committed by minors. Tragic events, with ...minors as perpetrators of the most serious crimes, require reconsideration and analysis of both current situation in the field of preventive work, and the current situation the field of prescribed legislative solutions in the field of criminal law. In this paper, the authors referred to the legislative aspects of the guilt of minors, where the focus of the paper is on the concept of guilt in juvenil criminal law and the perception of quilt from aspects of prescribed criminal sanctions for minors and the conditions for their imposition and the age limits of the capacity of minors to bear quilt. Certain aspects of the prescribed incriminating behavior of minors and their causal connection with the quilt of the parents, are also problematized. In this sense, an overview is given of the challenges of searching for appropriate de lege ferenda solutions, as well as dilemmas and shortcomings arising from the dubious nature of certain prescribed provisions that are directly related to the delinquency of minors.
Alcoholism or alcohol abuse and indulgence in alcohol is one of the most prevalent antisocial phenomena in young people and one of the main causes of their criminal behavior. Namely, there is an ...increasing tendency for young people to abuse and consume alcohol and to indulge in alcohol frequently as well as the incidence of committing criminal offenses by young people under the decisive influence of alcohol. The paper elaborates the criminal law aspects of protecting young people from alcoholism or alcohol abuse and points out problem of uneven and inadequate legislation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and gives appropriate proposals for changes to existing solution in order to achieve better and more effective criminal law protection of young people from alcohol abuse.
The author emphasized the complexity of determining the existence of genocidal intent as specific characteristics of the crime of genocide. The practice of international justice is significantly ...enabled a clearer, simpler and more precise understanding of the definition of the subjective component of the crime in determining individual criminal responsibility. The burden of proving the crime of genocide specifically refers to the inability to define the direct genocidal intent. Indirect evidence in itself is complex and requires a number of indirect factors pointing to the only reasonable conclusion in the context of the existence of genocidal intent of the perpetrator of the crime. Aggravating circumstance that affects the complexity of determining the existence of genocidal intent is the generality of the Genocide Convention, which is prescribed by clear criteria and standards for determining the quantitative component of the crime.
In this paper, the attention is focused on the efficiency of the criminal procedure, with a special focus on the efficiency of the criminal process entities in terms of elucidating and solving a ...specific criminal matter. In connection with the above, the authors recognized and identified the key procedural problems related to the timely, efficient and legal detection and proof of the criminal act and guilt. Given that a significant period of time has passed since the last general reform of the criminal procedure legislation, sufficient for a critical analysis, a critical review of all phases of the criminal procedure was carried out with the intention of actualizing and problematizing certain legal solutions of a procedural nature (detective activity, investigation concept, standards evidence, evidentiary role of the prosecutor, drawing up/filing of the indictment, complexity of discovery and proof, etc.) on which the efficient and legal conduct and finalization of criminal proceedings directly depend. Also, modern forms of criminality, especially specific forms of organized crime, demand from the legislator the adequacy of the legal norm in terms of achieving a legitimate legal goal related to the effective and energetic fight against crime as a complex social phenomenon and achieving adequate results of criminal justice.
Suštinskih razlog koji je odlučujući za izbor ove teme predstavlja namjera da se skrene pažnja naučno-stručne javnosti na problem kompleksnosti krivičnopravnog suzbijanja organizovanog kriminaliteta ...sa posebnim osvrtom na dokazivanje odnosno utvrđivanje objektivno – subjektivne komponente kao obavezan krivičnoprocesni uslov koji mora biti zadovoljen u svakom konkretnom slučaju. Cilj rada je prvenstveno usmjeren na prepoznavanje i identifikaciju realnih otkrivačko-dokaznih mogućnosti i kapaciteta subjekata sa provođenje zakona koji proizilaze iz važećih zakonskih odredbi. U radu se navode odgovarajuće preporuke koje se odnose na moguće intervencije na planu iznalaženja adekvatnijih odgovora i rješenja u odnosu na specifične oblike organizovanog kriminaliteta.Sve eventualne parcijalne intervencije koje se odnose na izmjene i dopune zakona zahtijevaju postupanje u skladu sa propisanom zakonskom procedurom što zahtijeva i određeno vrijeme koje je potrebno za implementaciju ovih aktivnosti. Postojeće istražno-dokazne mogućnosti su nedovoljne, posebno u kontekstu srazmjernosti, te slijedom navedenog postoji opravdana i svrsishodna potreba objektivnog i kritičkog preispitivanja zakonskih rješenja kao i iniciranja i usaglašavanja novih rješenja koja će biti srazmjerna i odgovarajuća u smislu postizanja očekivanih rezultata.Limitirajući faktor predstavlja činjenica da sve eventualne intervencije na izmjeni i dopuni važećih propisa zahtijevaju određenu inicijativu i proces usaglašavanja i harmoniziranja je veoma specifičan s obzirom na kompleksnu ustavnopravnu strukturu države. Specifični oblici organizovanog kriminaliteta zahtijevaju kontinuirano traganje profesije, akademske zajednice i svih drugih subjekata i pojedinaca kao autoriteta za najefikasnijim zakonskim rješenjima koja mogu zadovoljiti realne potrebe u cilju energične i odlučne borbe protiv ovog kriminaliteta.
The essential reason that is decisive for the selection of this topic is the intention to draw the attention of the scientifically - expert public to the problem of the complexity of the criminal law enforcement of organized crime, with a special emphasis on proving or determining an objectively - subjective component as a mandatory criminal procedural condition that must be satisfied in every particular case. The aim of the work is primarily aimed at identifying of the realistic evidence - proofing possibilities and capacity of subjects with the implementation of laws arising from the applicable legal provisions. The paper provides the appropriate recommendations regarding possible interventions in terms of finding more adequate responses and solutions in relation to specific forms of organized crime. All possible partial intervention relating to the amendments to the Act require compliance with the prescribed legal procedure which requires a certain amount of time it takes to implement these activities. Existing research - supporting capabilities are insufficient, especially in the context of proportionality, and following the above there is a reasonable and rational needs and critical review of legislation as well as the initiation and adjustment of new solutions that will be proportionate and appropriate in terms of achieving the expected results. The limiting factor is the fact that all possible interventions on amendments and supplements to the current regulations require a certain initiative and the process of harmonization and harmonization is very specific in view of the complex constitutional structure of the state. Specific forms of organized crime require the continued search of the profession, the academic community and all other subjects and individuals as the authority for the most effective legal solutions that can meet real needs in order to energically and decisively combat this crime.
The focus of the authors’ interest is the criminal offense of embezzlement in the service, which we classify in the catalogue of corrupt criminal offences, by its nature, operationalization method, ...consequences and other specificities. In addition, it is a criminal offense from the catalogue of premeditated criminal offenses, so the paper pays due attention to the interconnection and cumulative conditionality of objective and subjective elements, that is, the action of execution and the subjective component. Special attention is directed to the discovery of the existence of this criminal offense, i.e. the realistic discovery possibilities and capacities, then the objectivesubjective concept based on the legal description of this criminal offense, and the aspect of gathering the necessary evidence in connection with establishing the existence of the criminal offense and guilt, considering the restrictive legal requirements. The complexity of discovering and proving this criminal offense arises from the very nature of this criminal offense and certain specificities that are directly related to the way it is operationalized. The criminal law autonomy and independence, as well as the clear differentiation of this criminal offense in relation to other related criminal offences, are emphasized in order to avoid (possible) wrong identifications, and with the aim of a better and more comprehensive understanding of the very nature of this criminal offence
Every human activity, regardless of its nature, type and other specifics, strives to achieve the highest possible efficiency. In that sense, it is necessary to observe the tendency of the efficiency ...of criminal proceedings in terms of clarifying and resolving certain criminal matters, as well as making a court decision. The efficiency of the criminal procedure is directly manifested and articulated through the criminal procedure activities that are undertaken by the criminal procedure subjects during the realization of the criminal procedure task. The intention of the authors is to recognize, identify and emphasize the key or most important aspects of the qualitative component in the work of the main and secondary criminal procedure subjects on which the efficiency of the criminal procedure directly depends. Also, attention and interest are focused on the mutual relationship, interaction and opposition of two tendencies, namely tendencies of efficiency of criminal procedure and tendencies of protection of basic human rights and freedoms with special reference to meeting the standard of proof in different phases of undertaking criminal proceedings.
Kockanje kao društvena devijacija postaje sve aktuelniji problem u današnjem svijetu konzumerizma i poremećenih društvenih vrijednosti. Kao društvena devijacija svojom masovnošču prijeti da preraste ...u vodeću ovisnost koja bi vodila u razne oblike kažnjivog ponašanja. Takva prijetnja posebno je izražena za mladi naraštaj koji lako može postati ovisan o ovoj devijaciji i usljed toga biti izložen raznim oblicima prestupničkog ponašanja. U ovom radu, autori su elaborirali kazneno-pravnu zaštitu mladih od kockanja sa cjelovitom interpretacijom svih njenih oblika, te ukazali na određene nedostatke u legislativnim aspektima te zaštite i neujednačenost zakonske regulative koja se odnosi na ovaj oblik asocijalnog ponašanja mladih, kao i probleme u efikasnosti provođenja zakonskih odredbi koje tretiraju zaštitu mladih od kockanja u Bosni i Hercegovini, uz prezentovanje odgovarajućih prijedloga de lege ferenda usmjerenih na poboljšanje kazneno-pravne zaštite mladih u svim njenim oblicima i modalitetima.
Gambling as a social deviation is becomig an increrasingly topical issue
in today!s world of consumerism and disturbed social values. As a social deviation, its mass threatens to grow into a leading addiction which would lead to various forms of punishable behavior. Such a threat is specially pronounced for the younger generation who can easily become
addicted to this deviation and consequently be exposed to various forms
of criminal behavior. In this paper, authors elaborated the criminal law protection of young people from gambling with a complete interpretation of all its forms and pointed our certainshortcomings in the legislative aspects of this protectionand the inconsistency of our legislation related to this form of anti-social behavior of young people, as well as problem in the effectiveness of the implementation of
legal provisions that treat the protection of young people from gambling, with the presentation of appropriate proposals de lege ferenda
aimed at improving the criminal law protection of young people in all its forms and modalities.
Alkoholizam, odnosno zloupotreba alkohola i odavanje maloljetnih lica alkoholu je jedna od najzastupljenijih asocijalnih pojava kod maloljetnih lica i jedan od glavnih uzročnika njihovog ...delinkventnog ponašanja. Naime, sve je izraženija tendencija učestale zloupotrebe i konzumiranja alkohola, odnosno odavanja maloljetnih lica alkoholu, kao i incidenca činjenja kaznenih djela pod uticajem alkohola. U radu su elaborirani kaznenopravni aspekti zaštite maloljetnih lica od alkoholizma, odnosno zloupotrebe alkohola maloljetnih lica i ukazano na problematiku neujednačene i neadekvatne zakonske, odnosno kazneno pravne regulative u Bosni i Hercegovini, te dati odgovarajući prijedlozi izmjena postojećih rješenja u cilju postizanja bolje i efikasnije kaznenopravne zaštite maloljetnih lica od zloupotrebe alkohola.
In this paper, the authors analyse the legal nature of criminal procedure in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the special emphasis on reform processes of criminal procedure legislation and adoption and ...acceptance of new legal solutions over the past two decades, acknowledging the aspiration for effectiveness and protection of basic human rights and freedoms. For the purpose of effective criminal procedure, it identifies the main and secondary actors in criminal proceedings whose role is crucial from the aspect of shedding light on and resolving a certain criminal matter, as well as issuing a judicial decision. To that end, the role and importance of those actors in taking procedural actions to carry out a criminal procedure task is emphasised for the purpose of understanding the legal nature, structure and course of the criminal procedure, and achieving the scope of legally prescribed rights of the suspect, that is, the defendant. In addition, special attention is paid to the specific procedural situation and status of an underage person in the criminal law as the perpetrator and injured parties in a criminal case, taking into account their age as the basis for the differentiation and protection in relation to adults.
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