The comparison of the daily living way of the aged against hotness in summer and coldness in winter is executed from the viewpoint of the climatic region, age, and gender. The following results have ...been obtained : (1) As for the countermeasure against hotness in summer, “shading” has been mostly prevailing, and “door of reed blind” or “spreading water” has been used secondly. The aged persons have taken less countermeasures with aging. (2) As for the method of controlling temperature in summer, the use of airconditioning equipments has been predominant in the urban area compared with rural area, and men has used more compared with women. And the use of electric fan has began to decrease in their eighties, and the use of airconditioner in their seventies. (3) The aged persons have started warming rooms earlier with aging. (4) The evaluation of comfort of the aged has no relation to the temperature of the rooms on the case study in Iwate and Hyogo.
This study is the fourth report on the adaptability of aged persons to living environment and environmental temperatures. The following information is obtained, through analyzing variations by aging ...and seasonal changes, and they reported how the aged persons accommodate themselves to the conditions of living environment and environmental temperatures. (1) Among aged groups, corresponding relationships are established between the degree of comfort of living in and the vital resistance of the body as well as between the former factor and the satisfaction in sleeping. (2) No significant difference is recognized among the groups as for the time of starting to use heaters in the daytime. However, the young groups show a significant delay in starting to use them before going to bed while the aged groups show only about half of month of delay as compared with the beginning in using heaters during the daytime. (3) The neutral temperature, in which a human being does not feel too hot nor too cold, shows about 10°C lower in winter than in summer. (4) The young groups accomodate to the cold mainly by adjusting clothing, while the aged groups mainly by modulating body temperatures through physical activity.
The purpose of this study is to investigate how the aged persons adapt themselves to the living environment and the environmental temperature. A survey of questionnaire on the daily living action and ...the residential thermal adaptation have been conducted on about 3, 000 aged persons, living in various regions, in summer and winter time. The results are as follows : (1) The structure of body has become smaller and thinner with aging. (2) There have been high correlations between aging and actions involved in the physiological factors. The amount of sleeping time has become longer and the frequency to go to stool, during sleeping, has increased with aging. (3) A significant regional difference has been recognized in the frequency of bathing. Groups of aged persons at high latitude, who take fewer bathes, spend longer time for one bathing than groups at lower latitude. (4) A seasonal difference has been remarked in the amount of sleeping time, that has become longer in winter time because of the delay of the hour of rising.
Following the report of Part 1, this paper reports the results of the analysis concerning the clothing of the aged, based on the investigation of Part 1 and the case-study in Iwate and Hyogo ...Prefectures. The results obtained are as follows : (1) In winter, the aged persons have worn their undershirts one over another, and they have worn more undershirts with aging regardless of their gender. (2) In summer in cold districts, the aged persons have controlled their degree of comfort by adding outer upper wear, and the tendency has been remarkable in the males. They have begun to wear additional clothing at the temperature of about 22°C. (3) The thin male aged persons have worn more clothing, and the difference in clothing of the male and older ones between summer and winter has been more remarkable than with the female and younger ones. (4) In summer, the aged persons in cold districts have worn clothing based on the temperature at waking time, and in winter their clothing has been based on the temperature in non-heated. rooms. On the other hand, in winter, their clothing in warm districts has been based on the outdoor temperature.
