Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers promising solutions to the complex challenge of vascularization in biofabrication, thereby enhancing the prospects for clinical translation of engineered ...tissues and organs. While existing reviews have touched upon 3D bioprinting in vascularized tissue contexts, the current review offers a more holistic perspective, encompassing recent technical advancements and spanning the entire multistage bioprinting process, with a particular emphasis on vascularization. The synergy between 3D bioprinting and vascularization strategies is crucial, as 3D bioprinting can enable the creation of personalized, tissue-specific vascular network while the vascularization enhances tissue viability and function. The review starts by providing a comprehensive overview of the entire bioprinting process, spanning from pre-bioprinting stages to post-printing processing, including perfusion and maturation. Next, recent advancements in vascularization strategies that can be seamlessly integrated with bioprinting are discussed. Further, tissue-specific examples illustrating how these vascularization approaches are customized for diverse anatomical tissues towards enhancing clinical relevance are discussed. Finally, the underexplored intraoperative bioprinting (IOB) was highlighted, which enables the direct reconstruction of tissues within defect sites, stressing on the possible synergy shaped by combining IOB with vascularization strategies for improved regeneration.
Entrapping of potent Schiff base with biomimetic environment using fluorescence properties enables better understanding of their interaction for drug‐based application. A detailed photophysical study ...of zinc (II) Schiff bases, 2,6‐bis((E)‐((2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl)imino)methyl)‐4‐R‐phenol, where R = methyl/tertiary butyl/chloro is reported by utilizing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the bio membrane. Steady state absorption and emission studies of Schiff base‐protein system have been found to get altered by change in the compartmental ligand. Alternation of polarity caused by such compartmental ligands is reported by comparing the fluorescence behavior of the probes in microheterogeneous environment in a mixture of dioxane and water of varying composition. Hildebrand equation accounts for negative binding constants among BSA with Schiff base with Cl (‐I) group as the compartmental ligand in contrast to the positive magnitudes with ligands exhibiting +I effect. Functionality of such compartmental ligands (intra interactions studied using Hirshfeld analyses) upon binding with the protein is also studied in terms of quenching and denaturation studies. Schiff base with Me is found to be the most favorable ligand that bound to BSA as corroborated from the binding, quenching, micropolarity, and docking studies. Molecular docking studies predict the affinity energies for suitable binding conformations to be ~ − 6 kcal mol−1 for BSA‐Schiff base (with Me ligand).
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
A detailed photophysical behavioral study of zinc (II) complexes of Schiff bases 2,6‐bis((E)‐((2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl)imino)methyl)‐4‐R‐phenol, where R = methyl (1)/isopropyl (2)/tertiary butyl ...(3)/chloro (4) for ligands 1 to 4 (HL1 to HL4) have been done by utilising the surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as the biomimicking environment. Steady state absorption and emission studies have been studied to investigate the course of deciphering of the photophysical behavior of the complexes. The study reveals modification of the photophysical properties of the complexes based on the effect of polarity of the micellar environment. The studies reported in the present investigation describe the initial reduction of fluorescent intensity of all the four complexes followed by an escalation in intensity. The binding constant values reveal that the Schiff bases bind to the micellar compartment. The course of binding is however found to be dependent on the functional group of the ligand which is studied and reported in the present context.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The detection of various biologically important cationic and anionic species has led to the synthesis of various Zinc (II) Schiff base complexes, which bear a large application in catalysis and ...sensors. A recently reported study has indicated a synthesis of a 48 membered macrocyclic Zn(II) Schiff base complex, which functions as a dual anion sensor (DAS) containing a protonated amine group. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to study the interaction of the Zn tetranuclear complex (Zn-TCom), a neutral complex, with a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), employing steady-state absorption and fluorescence studies. The change in the photophysical properties of the fluorophore is studied on binding with the surfactant. The steady-state absorption and emission studies reveal that the polarity of the surrounding of the fluorophore has been modified upon binding with CTAB. A study on the alteration of polarity during the interaction of Zn-TCom with the surfactant is studied by comparing the fluorescence behavior of the probes in a micro heterogeneous environment in a mixture of dioxane and water of varying composition. The binding constant magnitude (analyzed using the Hildebrand equation) manifests that the Schiff base binds to the micellar compartment. These results are manifested to enhance the potential application of the macrocyclic complex in the field of biochemistry. Furthermore, quantum chemical calculations are undertaken to correlate the molecular structure of Zn-TCom with the associated frontier molecular orbitals. The parameters like the energy of HOMO, LUMO and the associated Mulliken charges with respect to individual elements are computed using the single point geometry. The studied reports are correlated with the feasibility of binding with bio mimicking environment or bio proteins for selective application as drug carriers.
PDF