We evaluated the performance of a fourth-generation antigen/antibody (Ag/Ab) assay for detecting HIV-1 infection on dried blood spots (DBS) both in a conventional laboratory environment and in an ...epidemiological survey corresponding to a real-life situation. Although a 2-log loss of sensitivity compared to that with plasma was observed when using DBS in an analytical analysis, the median delay of positivity between DBS and crude serum during the early phase postacute infection was 7 days. The performance of the fourth-generation assay on DBS was approximately similar to that of a third-generation (antibody only) assay using crude serum samples. Among 2,646 participants of a cross-sectional study in a population of men having sex with men, 428 DBS were found reactive, but negative results were obtained from 5 DBS collected from individuals who self-reported a positive HIV status, confirmed by detection of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs in their DBS. The data generated allowed us to estimate a sensitivity of 98.8% of the fourth-generation assay/DBS strategy in a high-risk population, even including a broad majority of individuals on ARV treatment among those HIV positive. Our study brings additional proofs that DBS testing using a fourth-generation immunoassay is a reliable strategy able to provide alternative approaches for both individual HIV testing and surveillance of various populations.
Ouverture au don des HSH : état des lieux et perspectives Pillonel, Josiane; Richard, Pascale; Sauvage, Claire ...
Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Société française de transfusion sanguine,
11/2021, Volume:
28, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background and objectives
In France, blood donation deferral for men who have sex with men (MSM) was reduced from permanent to 12 months in July 2016. Assessing noncompliance (rate and reasons) with ...this criterion is important to maintain a high level of viral safety in blood products.
Materials and methods
An anonymous online survey (Complidon) of a sample of blood donors was conducted in 2017. Data were post‐stratified to be representative of all those who donated blood between July 2016 and December 2017. A multivariable analysis was performed to assess factors associated with noncompliance.
Results
Among male donors, 0·73% 95% CI: 0·63–0·83 reported having sex with men in the 12 months preceding their donation. Factors associated with noncompliance were as follows: young age, a low educational level, concerns about privacy, and better knowledge of donor selection criteria and the window period than compliant men. More than half of noncompliant MSM donors (57·6% 95% CI: 50·6–64·3) felt that sexual orientation should not be a criterion for donation, 47·2% 95% CI: 40·4–54·0 did not disclose their male‐to‐male sexual relations in order to avoid being excluded from donating, 40·5% 95% CI: 34·0–47·4 reported using condoms and 21·8% 95% CI: 16·7–27·9 had the same male partner for at least 12 months.
Conclusion
Complidon showed that compliance with blood donation criteria in MSM was high, but not optimal, especially among younger men. HIV residual risk did not increase after the implementation of 12‐month deferral. Data from Complidon helped French policymakers to assess the additional HIV risk posed by increased access to blood donation for MSM.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
BACKGROUND
Blood donor selection, consisting of a pre‐donation questionnaire and interview, excludes potential donors who may be at risk of transfusion‐transmissible infections. Assessing the reasons ...for noncompliance with blood donor selection criteria is important to maintain a high level of viral safety of blood products.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
An anonymous French online survey of a sample of blood donors (Complidon) was conducted from September to December 2017. Data were poststratified to be representative of all donors who donated blood between July 2016 and December 2017.
RESULTS
Of 420,190 solicited donors, 108,386 completed the survey (26%). Overall, noncompliance was estimated at 5.6%. The least respected criteria regarded sex with more than one partner during the previous 4 months for donors (1.9%) and for donors' partners (1%), travel‐related criteria (1.2%) and sex between men during the previous 12 months (0.73% of men). Reasons for noncompliance differed according to criteria. Donors who were non‐compliant to sexuality‐based criteria mainly said they did not want to be excluded or that the questions were too personal. Conversely, donors who were exclusively non‐compliant to criteria other than sexuality‐based criteria more often mentioned their non‐compliance during the pre‐donation interview but were nevertheless authorized to donate blood.
CONCLUSION
Despite noncompliance to blood donor criteria being relatively low in France, it still represents a threat to blood safety. Accordingly, improved communication is important to ensure that donors fully understand each selection criterion and to emphasize to health professionals the importance of listening carefully without judging during pre‐donation interviews.
See article on page 1–3, in this issue
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
To evaluate trends over the last 18 years in HIV-related knowledge, risk perceptions, and sexual behaviors in young adults.
Data were obtained from six KABP (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and ...practices) surveys (1992, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2004, and 2010) from representative samples of the French population. Surveys were similar in terms of data collection and target populations: 2362 men and 2774 women aged 18-29 were interviewed by telephone.
Young people were very familiar with the true routes of HIV transmission throughout the full period. However, in 2010, approximately 30% erroneously believed that mosquito bites could transmit HIV versus only 12% in 1994. They were less convinced about the efficacy of condoms in protecting against HIV: approximately 50% in 2010 versus 70-80% in 1992-1994. The proportion of respondents very afraid of AIDS significantly decreased from a maximum of 44% in 1994 to approximately 20% in 2010. Condom use at first intercourse was widespread after 1995 and sex without condoms in the previous year was far less frequently reported in 2010 than in 1992. Nevertheless, the proportion of individuals reporting condom use at their most recent intercourse in 2010 was the lowest reported since 1994, with an increase in young men reporting no contraception use from 9.2% in 2004 to 18.8% in 2010.
Young people appear to misunderstand certain sexually transmitted infection/HIV transmission mechanisms. Other indicators for 2010 reflected a low level of HIV risk perception, distrust in condom efficacy, and a decrease in adopting prevention practices, which highlights the need to adapt preventive strategies.
Few people in most developed nations engage in regular physical activity (PA), despite its well-established health benefits. Socioecological models highlight the potential interaction of multiple ...factors from policy and the built environment to individual social cognition in explaining PA.
The purpose of this review was to appraise this interaction tenet of the socioecological model between the built environment and social cognition to predict PA.
Eligible studies had to have been published in peer-reviewed journals in the English language, and included any tests of interaction between social cognition and the built environment with PA. Literature searches, concluded in October 2017, used five common databases. Findings were grouped by type of PA outcomes (leisure, transportation, total PA and total moderate-vigorous PA MVPA), then grouped by the type of interactions between social cognitive and built environment constructs.
The initial search yielded 308 hits, which was reduced to 22 independent studies of primarily high- to medium-quality after screening for eligibility criteria. The interaction tenet of the socioecological model was not supported for overall MVPA and total PA. By contrast, while there was heterogeneity of findings for leisure-time PA, environmental accessibility/convenience interacted with intention, and environmental aesthetics interacted with affective judgments, to predict leisure-time PA. Interactions between the built environment and social cognition in PA for transport are limited, with current results failing to support an effect.
The results provide some support for interactive aspects of the built environment and social cognition in leisure-time PA, and thus highlight potential areas for integrated intervention of individual and environmental change.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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