ESD SHIELD FOR ICS: A REVIEW Saxena, Amit; Shinghal, Kshitij; Gupta, Deepti ...
International journal of advances in engineering and technology,
06/2021, Volume:
14, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Modern Integrated circuits are severely affected by ESD (electro static discharge) which may severely affect the performance of ICs or may even lead to complete failure of the chip. electro static ...charge represents a very high voltage which gives rise to very high peak current causing problem of burn out in ICS. A per the Moore's law number of components on an Integrated circuit will double in every 18 to 24 months this results in miniaturization resulting in individual components becoming smaller each day. This makes integrated components more and more sensitive to the effects of damage occurring due to ESD. Even a small discharge through a very small component may cause result in cumulative overheating, or complete breakdown of the component. Various techniques are employed to overcome from ESD. Some of the techniques are use of products like static dissipative workbench, anti-static or static dissipative containers, or some designers even use especially custom designed ESD Protection devices in their circuits. Common ESD protection devices employs snap-back principle for protecting ICs from damage. snap-back characteristic is similar to a common silicon control-rectifier.
Pablo Picasso quoted "Without great solitude, no serious work is possible ". COVID - 19 the deadly widespread epidemic taught this that in desolation one can come up with a great idea and some out of ...the box suggestion or design. This paper presents such project that is made in solitariness due to the pandemic. Here a prototype is described for the frontline warriors of novel Corona virus. Besides this it would also be very helpful for monitoring of health, activities and tracking our loved ones. The prototype is named as COVID-SMD and abbreviated as Child Oldster Victim Ill Dumb Safety Monitoring Device. It consists of five modules which would tell us about the temperature, surrounding light, fall, removal of the device and emergency situation. It would monitor the temperature of the wearer, will keep a track of location, alert about the fall of the person, detect if person is in dark and will also help your loved ones in their panic situation. It will send alert messages to the phone number saved in the source code. This device would be productive for both parents who want to monitor their kiddos, as well as for children to supervise their golden age geriatric parents. It would be essential for the person suffering from various diseases such as dementia (short term and long-term memory loss), autism (nervous breakdown), Alzheimer (loss of functioning of brain). At present time of Pandemic Safety and monitoring of children, elderly people, dumb people handicapped, patients where social distancing is very important.
Bilirubin in wound healing: A double‐edged sword Singla, Kshitij; M P, Sarath Krishnan; Bhattacharjya, Aklanta ...
Cell biochemistry and function,
December 2023, 2023-Dec, 2023-12-00, 20231201, Volume:
41, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The impact of bilirubin levels on wound healing remains a topic of controversy. The present study is a literature review that examines the impact of increased levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream ...on the process of wound healing. The physiological pathways and their interrelationships, as well as the relevant research publications, were comprehensively addressed in our discussion. The present study undertook a comprehensive review of the extant literature pertaining to the impact of bilirubin concentration on the process of wound healing, with particular emphasis on its association with reactive oxygen species. This scholarly article provides an overview of several studies that elucidate the mechanisms and correlation between bilirubin and the process of wound healing. The impact of bilirubin on wound healing has been observed, and it appears to function as a modulator. This review demonstrates that there exists a spectrum of bilirubin concentrations that can function as precise regulators, although this range falls under pathological hyperbilirubinemia. Further research is required to determine the precise boundary of this range. Within a certain range, bilirubin serves as a positive regulator in the process of wound healing. Beyond this range, it has the potential to function as a negative regulator.
Significance statement
Bilirubin, a derivative resulting from the breakdown of heme, plays a crucial role in safeguarding cellular integrity. The potential significance of bilirubin's biological functions in mitigating oxidant‐induced cellular apoptosis is noteworthy. Specifically, the administration of bilirubin at a low concentration has been shown to effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species. The application of topical bilirubin has the potential to enhance wound healing, thereby augmenting the therapeutic utility of bilirubin.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Electrocardiogram (ECG) reflects activity of the central of the blood circulatory system, i.e. the heart. An ECG signal can provide us with a great deal of information on the normal and pathological ...physiology of heart activity. Thus, ECG is an important non-invasive clinical tool for the diagnosis of heart diseases. According to the medical definition the most important information in the ECG signal is concentrated in the P wave, QRS complex and T wave. These data include positions and/or magnitudes of the QRS interval, PR interval, QT interval, ST interval, PR segment, and ST segment (see Fig. 1). Based on the above data, doctors can correctly diagnose human heart diseases. Therefore, analyzing the ECG signals of cardiac arrhythmia is very important for doctors to make correct clinical diagnoses. In order to perform ECG signals classification of the cardiac arrhythmia, the first important task is to determine an appropriate set of features. The feature selection method which chooses the best features from original features to have the maximum recognition rate, simplify classified computation and comprehend the causal relation of classified question. Signal Processing is undoubtedly the best real time implementation of a specific problem. Wavelet Transform is a very powerful technique for feature extraction and can be used along with neural network structures to build computationally efficient models for diagnosis of Biosignals (ECG in this case). This work utilizes the above techniques for diagnosis of an ECG signal by determining its nature as well as exploring the possibility for real-time implementation of the above model. Daubechies wavelet transform and multi-layered perceptron are the computational techniques used for the realization of the above model. The ECG signals were obtained from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and are used for the identification of four different types of arrhythmias. The identification was implemented real-time in SIMULINK, to simulate the detection model under test condition and verify its workability.
ECG SIGNAL DENOISING: A NEW APPROACH Saxena, Nishant; Shinghal, Kshitij
International journal of engineering sciences and emerging technologies,
07/2016, Volume:
9, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Extraction of Various Features of ECG Signal Saxena, Nishant; Shinghal, Kshitij
International journal of engineering sciences and emerging technologies,
01/2015, Volume:
7, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Emerging infectious diseases, often zoonotic, demand a collaborative "One-Health" surveillance approach due to human activities. The need for standardized diagnostic and surveillance algorithms is ...emphasized to address the difficulty in clinical differentiation and curb antimicrobial resistance.
The present recommendations are comprehensive diagnostic and surveillance algorithm for ARIs, developed by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), which aims to enhance early detection and treatment with improved surveillance. This algorithm shall be serving as a blueprint for respiratory infections landscape in the country and early detection of surge of respiratory infections in the country.
The ICMR has risen up to the threat of emerging and re-emerging infections. Here, we seek to recommend a structured approach for diagnosing respiratory illnesses. The recommendations emphasize the significance of prioritizing respiratory pathogens based on factors such as the frequency of occurrence (seasonal or geographical), disease severity, ease of diagnosis and public health importance. The proposed surveillance-based diagnostic algorithm for ARI relies on a combination of gold-standard conventional methods, innovative serological and molecular techniques, as well as radiological approaches, which collectively contribute to the detection of various causative agents. The diagnostic part of the integrated algorithm can be dealt at the local microbiology laboratory of the healthcare facility with the few positive and negative specimens shipped to linked viral disease research laboratories (VRDLs) and other ICMR designated laboratories for genome characterisation, cluster identification and identification of novel agents.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Market Segmentation has been a key area of implementation of soft computing techniques in E-commerce applications. Various techniques have been used to achieve maximum results in the classification ...of the ecommerce market. From stochastic techniques to neural networks, there is a plethora of techniques that have been applied. In this paper, we use self organising Maps (SOMs) an unsupervised learning technique to study the various factors which can be used to segment the market. On the other hand supervised learning techniques such as Nearest Neighbour (NN) and Support vector machine (SVM) are used to quantitatively classify the purchase behaviour based on various factors. The better classification technique is identified through appropriate measures. Further, evolutionary algorithms are used to augment the performance of these classification techniques. Analysis of the results and various factors affecting it is also performed.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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