The complex situation that global society is facing as a result of COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of companies committing to the principles of social responsibility. Among the internal ...initiatives, those related to the health of workers are, obviously, highly topical. The objective of our research is to provide concise knowledge of the relationship between workplace health promotion (WHP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) so that the relevant specialized research was gathered in a single document that lays the foundations of its applicability. A systematic review, following the PRISMA method, has been carried out. Twenty-seven articles have been selected from the main scientific databases. Their qualitative analysis concludes that CSR and WHP are linked, have beneficial reciprocal effects, need committed leadership respectful of autonomy and voluntariness, and require the establishment of specific goals within the framework of the organizations' sustainability policies. Future studies should establish the impact of the pandemic on these aspects.
Anticipating pedestrian crossing behavior in urban scenarios is a challenging task for autonomous vehicles. Early this year, a benchmark comprising JAAD and PIE datasets have been released. In the ...benchmark, several state-of-the-art methods have been ranked. However, most of the ranked temporal models rely on recurrent architectures. In our case, we propose, as far as we are concerned, the first self-attention alternative, based on transformer architecture, which has had enormous success in natural language processing (NLP) and recently in computer vision. Our architecture is composed of various branches which fuse video and kinematic data. The video branch is based on two possible architectures: RubiksNet and TimeSformer. The kinematic branch is based on different configurations of transformer encoder. Several experiments have been performed mainly focusing on pre-processing input data, highlighting problems with two kinematic data sources: pose keypoints and ego-vehicle speed. Our proposed model results are comparable to PCPA, the best performing model in the benchmark reaching an F1 Score of nearly 0.78 against 0.77. Furthermore, by using only bounding box coordinates and image data, our model surpasses PCPA by a larger margin (F1=0.75 vs. F1=0.72). Our model has proven to be a valid alternative to recurrent architectures, providing advantages such as parallelization and whole sequence processing, learning relationships between samples not possible with recurrent architectures.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Understanding the scene in front of a vehicle is crucial for self-driving vehicles and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, and in urban scenarios, intersection areas are one of the most critical, ...concentrating between 20% to 25% of road fatalities. This research presents a thorough investigation on the detection and classification of urban intersections as seen from onboard front-facing cameras. Different methodologies aimed at classifying intersection geometries have been assessed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of state-of-the-art techniques based on Deep Neural Network (DNN) approaches, including single-frame approaches and temporal integration schemes. A detailed analysis of most popular datasets previously used for the application together with a comparison with ad hoc recorded sequences revealed that the performances strongly depend on the field of view of the camera rather than other characteristics or temporal-integrating techniques. Due to the scarcity of training data, a new dataset is created by performing data augmentation from real-world data through a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to increase generalizability as well as to test the influence of data quality. Despite being in the relatively early stages, mainly due to the lack of intersection datasets oriented to the problem, an extensive experimental activity has been performed to analyze the individual performance of each proposed systems.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Tree rings are an important proxy to understand the natural drivers of climate variability in the Mediterranean Basin and hence to improve future climate scenarios in a vulnerable region. Here, we ...compile 316 tree-ring width series from 11 conifer sites in the western Iberian Range. We apply a new standardization method based on the trunk basal area instead of the tree cambial age to develop a regional chronology which preserves high- to low-frequency variability. A new reconstruction for the 1602–2012 period correlates at −0.78 with observational September temperatures with a cumulative mean of the 21 previous months over the 1945–2012 calibration period. The new IR2Tmax reconstruction is spatially representative for the Iberian Peninsula and captures the full range of past Iberian Range temperature variability. Reconstructed long-term temperature variations match reasonably well with solar irradiance changes since warm and cold phases correspond with high and low solar activity, respectively. In addition, some annual temperature downturns coincide with volcanic eruptions with a 3-year lag.
El empleo de sensores remotos junto a la información de los factores sociales propios de cada población permite el monitoreo del uso de los recursos naturales. El objetivo del presente estudio fue ...determinar el cambio y proyección a futuro de los usos y coberturas de suelo, y a la vez comprender, desde la perspectiva de los principales actores, los factores propulsores y subyacentes que impulsan estos cambios en la cuenca hidrográfica media-alta del río Mira. Para ello, se utilizaron imágenes multiespectrales, Landsat y Sentinel del año 1996, 2007 y 2018, a las cuales se las realizó un pretratamiento y tratamiento. Se efectuó una proyección de los cambios de coberturas y usos del suelo del 2018-2030 mediante el software TerrSet. Después, utilizando el método Delphi se identificaron los factores propulsores y subyacentes. Los resultados encontrados muestran que bosques y pastos presentaron una disminución sostenida, mientras que las áreas de cultivo y zonas urbanas aumentaron dentro de los periodos 1996-2018 y 2018-2030. Estos cambios se relacionan con el crecimiento urbano, agrícola, ganadero, minero y de la industria forestal; impulsados generalmente por el aumento poblacional, demanda de mercado, cambios de patrones de consumo, expansión de las carreteras e inexistencia de políticas ambientales.
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of depopulation and residential dynamics in Teruel, a province emblematic of the aging and depopulation issues prevalent in many inland regions of Spain ...and Europe. Through an in-depth examination utilizing official statistics, academic studies, and reports, this study highlights the demographic structure, historical evolution, and current trends in Teruel. Key patterns of population change and their implications for urban and rural planning are identified. The analysis covers population density, vital balances, and household distribution, with a special focus on the significant role of the foreign population. Additionally, the challenges associated with vacant housing and the management of unused land are discussed, proposing revitalization strategies for the built environment in rural settings through sustainable housing initiatives. This study aims to contribute to the discourse on sustainable development of small cities and rural areas, offering integrated solutions that not only enhance living conditions but also encourage balanced and sustainable growth.
A new high-resolution climatic gridded dataset was built for Aragón (northeast Spain) using a large collection of daily precipitation and temperature observations from more than 3000 weather ...stations. The grid covers, at the unprecedented spatial resolution of 0.25 km2, daily maximum and minimum temperatures and precipitation in the 1950–2020 period. The complex orography (from 70 to 3,400 m.a.s.l.) of the medium-sized region (∼48,000 km2) required a climate modelling method based on a spatially-dense weather monitoring network and local predictors. The 3-step workflow for grid creation consisted of: 1) a comprehensive quality control of raw observations, based on a spatial comparison with nearest data; 2) a climate reconstruction based on the creation of reference values, through multivariate linear regressions, for every day and location, based on the observed climate and terrain-based environmental variables; and 3) the prediction of precipitation and temperature values in a regular 500 × 500 m grid, based on the reconstructed data series. The resulting dataset improves the spatial representativity of climate and allows for a detailed analyses at landscape scale not only in climate studies but also in related disciplines such as hydrology or biogeography, amongst others.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Leaf mass per area (LMA) has been suggested to negatively affect the mesophyll conductance to CO2 (g
m), which is the most limiting factor for area-based photosynthesis (A
N) in many Mediterranean ...sclerophyll species. However, despite their high LMA, these species have similar A
N to plants from other biomes. Variations in other leaf anatomical traits, such as mesophyll and chloroplast surface area exposed to intercellular air space (S
m/S and S
c/S), may offset the restrictions imposed by high LMA in g
m and A
N in these species.
Seven sclerophyllous Mediterranean oaks from Europe/North Africa and North America with contrasting LMA were compared in terms of morphological, anatomical and photosynthetic traits.
Mediterranean oaks showed specific differences in A
N that go beyond the common morphological leaf traits reported for these species (reduced leaf area and thick leaves). These variations resulted mainly from the differences in g
m, the most limiting factor for carbon assimilation in these species.
Species with higher A
N showed increased S
c/S, which implies increased g
m without changes in stomatal conductance. The occurrence of this anatomical adaptation at the cell level allowed evergreen oaks to reach A
N values comparable to congeneric deciduous species despite their higher LMA.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NMLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Chronic venous disease (CVeD) is a rising medical condition characterized by a broad spectrum of disorders in the venous system. Varicose veins (VVs) represent a frequent clinical manifestation of ...CVeD, particularly in the lower limbs. Prior histopathological studies have defined a set of alterations observed in the venous wall of patients with VVs, affecting their structure and behavior. Metabolic changes in the veins appear to be a critical biological mechanism aiding our understanding of the pathogenesis of CVeD. In this sense, previous studies have identified a potential role of a glycolytic phenotype in the development of different vascular disorders; however, its precise role in CVeD remains to be fully explored. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the gene and protein expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and the glycolytic enzymes PGK-1, ALD, GA3PDH and LDH in the VVs of patients with CVeD (n = 35) in comparison to those expressed in healthy subjects. Our results display enhanced gene and protein expression of GLUT-1, PGK-1, ALD, GA3PDH and LDH in patients with CVeD, suggesting a glycolytic switch of the venous tissue. Greater understanding of the impact of this glycolytic switch in patients with CVeD is required to define a possible pathophysiological role or therapeutic implications of these changes.
En este artículo se analiza la intensidad y la variabilidad temporal de la isla de calor urbana (ICU) de la ciudad de Zaragoza (España) y se evalúa la acción del viento como importante factor ...atmosférico condicionante de la misma. A partir de los datos horarios proporcionados por la red meteorológica urbana de mesoescala de la ciudad, se calculó la diferencia de temperatura entre dos observatorios, uno urbano (Plaza Santa Marta) y otro en las afueras del área urbana (Ciudad Deportiva), en el periodo 2015-2020. Los resultados indican que la temperatura en el centro de la ciudad es, con mucha frecuencia, 1º o 2ºC más elevada que en el entorno, y en ocasiones ha llegado a superar los 8ºC. La ICU es más intensa en verano (promedios horarios de 2,5ºC) que en invierno (promedio de 2,2ºC) y es más intensa durante la noche que durante el día. El valor máximo de la ICU se alcanza en situaciones de calma atmosférica; en cambio, se debilita claramente con vientos de más de 10 km/h y llega prácticamente a desaparecer con velocidades superiores a 50 km/h.
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