Background: Alopecia areata is a disease scalp and body hair leading to patches of non-scoring alopecia which is heterogeyous ,it is unown as autommutte disease, there is no prevention & hard cure.
...Objective: To determine the prevalence rate according to sex &age and the causative factors of alopecia areata in Baquba city.
Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was in Baquba Teaching Hospital dermatological clinic from 1st of October 2020 to 31st of March 2022 at Baquabah teaching Hospital /outpatient Dermatology clinic. The study sample (100) patients with different clinical variants of Alopecia Areata, (71) males and (29) females of different age groups.
Results: This study shows that high prevalence among males (71%) with age group (21-30) years old with single patchy alopecia areata with past history of recurrence and associated psychological history. (100) cases of AA were diagnosed. (25%). Single lesion of AA was the most common manifestation (68%). Recurrence history of AA Positive in (55%). Personal history of stress was associated with AA in (64 %). The most common site of alopecia areata was in head (55%).
Conclusion: It was concluded that, alopecia areata was more common in male, age (21-30) years, most common single lesion, more in head, with psychological stress history.
Background: Failure to thrive (FTT) indicates insufficient weight gain or absence of an appropriate physical growth,it is a sign not a disease ,commonly seen by the primary health care physicians. It ...might be due to organic or non-organic causes and it is usually of a multifactorial etiology.
Objective: To detect the prevalence of failure to thrive and risk factors in pediatric age group - under 5 year old in Al-Batool teaching hospital in Baquba city through 2020-2021.
Patients and Methods: This study was across sectional study that took place In Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for maternity and children,in Baquba Distract-Diyala province, Iraq.during the period from 1st of February 2020-31st of July 2021. Throughout this study Two hundred and fifty (250) child were randomly selected under -5years old . Informations were collected from the patients files including age,current weight,birth weight,type of feeding,weaning,history of prematurity, history of chronic diseases and socioeconomic conditions.
Results: Showed that children below 12 months were (45.2%), males (51.6%)and females (48.4%). male:female ratio was 1:1 ,majority of children were from Bohris . medium socioeconomic level was the largest with (61.6%). regarding mother education,mothers who have secondary education represent the largest level with (45.6%),children with bottle feeding were the largest with (45.0%),premature birth represent (2.0%),children with chronic diseases (14.0%),children with UTI (32.0%). Children with (FTT)were(23.2%),while (76.8%) were of normal growth. Regarding age groups most of the affected children were below 24 months of age with (36.5%) (P value was 0.0001) which is considered to be a significant. Males with (FTT) (24.8%) ,while Females (21.5%). (Pvaluewas0.534) which is considered to be of no significance. Regarding children with (FTT) and low socioeconomic level it was (68.8%) (p value was 0.0001)which is considered to be a significant. Children with (FTT) and illutrate mother was(60.0%) (p value was 0.0001)which is considered to be a significant. children with breastfeeding showed no (FTT) ,while those with bottle feeding was (37.0%) (P value was 0.0001 ) which is considered to be a significant. children with (FTT) and UTI (58.8%)(P value was 0.0001)which is considered to be a significant.
Conclusion: This study concluded that failure to thrive is strongly correlated with poverty, mothers education ,chronic diseases, premature birth and type of feeding.failure to thrive showed no correlation with gender .
Epidemiological Study of CA Breast in Diyala Ibrahim Ahmed, Rihab; Ahmed Shakir, Shahab; Tyeyab Hamad, Mohamad ...
Diyala Journal of Medicine,
6/2022, Volume:
22, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background: Breast cancer is becoming the most common cancer among women in both developed and developing countries . Breast cancer has been the leading cause of death among Iraqi women for three ...decades, and it is the second leading cause of death after cerebrovascular illnesses.Objective: To investigate the epidemiological and clinic pathological behavior of breast cancer in Diyala province.Patients and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Oncology Clinic of Baquba Teaching Hospital for 24 months between April 1st and March 31st, 2021. A sample of (257) patients was selected to collect socio-demographic information (age, gender, marital status, history of breast lactation ,history of contraceptive pills, history of breast cancer in family, parity status). Results: The current study shows that more than 55% of the patients were under the age of (50) years. Two hundred fifty one patients (97.6%) were female and( 6) patients (2.4%)were male. from the 251 female patient . Right breast tumor was found in 120 patients (48%) and left breast tumor was found in (127) patients (50.4%) and bilateral breast tumor in (4) patients(1.6%). In terms of breast cancer family history, 28 patients(11%) had a positive family history, while 223 patients (89%) had a negative family history. One hundred fifty seven of patients(63%) had history of breastfeeding and( 94) of patients(37%) had no history of breastfeeding . One hundred forty six patients (58%) had positive history of oral contraceptive pill while 105 patients (42%) had negative history of oral contraceptive pill. twenty two patients (9%) had positive history of smoking while (229) patients (91%) had negative history of smoking . The histopathological result were Invasive ductal carcinoma (I.D.C) in (233) patients (93%) and Invasive lobular carcinoma (I.L.C) in (18) patients. Breast cancer patients were married in 73% of cases, widowed in 13.5 percent of cases, divorced in 2.5 percent of cases, and single in 11% of cases. Most cases belonged to differentiation stage II ( 159) patients (63%), followed by stage III ( 57) patients (23%) , stage I ( 13) patients (5%) and stage IV (22) patients(9%) . Conclusion: The current study concludes that In Iraq, the majority of breast cancer patients were in the second stage, and patients' ages at diagnosis were younger than in other communities. The development and execution of screening programs, as well as the management of risk factors, appear to be critical. Keywords: Breast, Cancer, Patients
Background: Failure to thrive (FTT) indicates insufficient weight gain or absence of an appropriate physical growth,it is a sign not a disease ,commonly seen by the primary health care physicians. It ...might be due to organic or non-organic causes and it is usually of a multifactorial etiologyز Objective: To detect the prevalence of failure to thrive and risk factors in pediatric age group - under 5 year old in Al-Batool teaching hospital in Baquba city through 2020-2021ز Patients and Methods: This study was across sectional study that took place In Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for maternity and children,in Baquba Distract-Diyala province, Iraq.during the period from 1st of February 2020-31st of July 2021. Throughout this study Two hundred and fifty (250) child were randomly selected under -5years old . Informations were collected from the patients files including age,current weight,birth weight,type of feeding,weaning,history of prematurity, history of chronic diseases and socioeconomic conditions. Results: Showed that children below 12 months were (45.2%), males (51.6%)and females (48.4%). male:female ratio was 1:1 ,majority of children were from Bohris . medium socioeconomic level was the largest with (61.6%). regarding mother education,mothers who have secondary education represent the largest level with (45.6%),children with bottle feeding were the largest with (45.0%),premature birth represent (2.0%),children with chronic diseases (14.0%),children with UTI (32.0%). Children with (FTT)were(23.2%),while (76.8%) were of normal growth. Regarding age groups most of the affected children were below 24 months of age with (36.5%) (P value was 0.0001) which is considered to be a significant. Males with (FTT) (24.8%) ,while Females (21.5%). (Pvaluewas0.534) which is considered to be of no significance. Regarding children with (FTT) and low socioeconomic level it was (68.8%) (p value was 0.0001)which is considered to be a significant. Children with (FTT) and illutrate mother was(60.0%) (p value was 0.0001)which is considered to be a significant. children with breastfeeding showed no (FTT) ,while those with bottle feeding was (37.0%) (P value was 0.0001 ) which is considered to be a significant. children with (FTT) and UTI (58.8%)(P value was 0.0001)which is considered to be a significant. Conclusion: This study concluded that failure to thrive is strongly correlated with poverty, mothers education ,chronic diseases, premature birth and type of feeding.failure to thrive showed no correlation with gender . Keywords: Failure to thrive, Risk Factors, Children
Background: Alopecia areata is a disease scalp and body hair leading to patches of non-scoring alopecia which is heterogeyous ,it is unown as autommutte disease, there is no prevention & hard cure. ...Objective: To determine the prevalence rate according to sex &age and the causative factors of alopecia areata in Baquba city. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was in Baquba Teaching Hospital dermatological clinic from 1st of October 2020 to 31st of March 2022 at Baquabah teaching Hospital /outpatient Dermatology clinic. The study sample (100) patients with different clinical variants of Alopecia Areata, (71) males and (29) females of different age groups. Results: This study shows that high prevalence among males (71%) with age group (21-30) years old with single patchy alopecia areata with past history of recurrence and associated psychological history. (100) cases of AA were diagnosed. (25%). Single lesion of AA was the most common manifestation (68%). Recurrence history of AA Positive in (55%). Personal history of stress was associated with AA in (64 %). The most common site of alopecia areata was in head (55%). Conclusion: It was concluded that, alopecia areata was more common in male, age (21-30) years, most common single lesion, more in head, with psychological stress history. Keywords: Alopecia areata, prevalence rate, Stress
Epidemiological Study of CA Breast in Diyala Rihab Ibrahim Ahmed; Shahab Ahmed Shakir; Mohamad Tyeyab Hamad ...
Diyala Journal of Medicine,
06/2022, Volume:
22, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background: Breast cancer is becoming the most common cancer among women in both developed and developing countries . Breast cancer has been the leading cause of death among Iraqi women for three ...decades, and it is the second leading cause of death after cerebrovascular illnesses. Objective: To investigate the epidemiological and clinic pathological behavior of breast cancer in Diyala province. Patients and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Oncology Clinic of Baquba Teaching Hospital for 24 months between April 1st and March 31st, 2021. A sample of (257) patients was selected to collect socio-demographic information (age, gender, marital status, history of breast lactation ,history of contraceptive pills, history of breast cancer in family, parity status). Results: The current study shows that more than 55% of the patients were under the age of (50) years. Two hundred fifty one patients (97.6%) were female and( 6) patients (2.4%)were male. from the 251 female patient . Right breast tumor was found in 120 patients (48%) and left breast tumor was found in (127) patients (50.4%) and bilateral breast tumor in (4) patients(1.6%). In terms of breast cancer family history, 28 patients(11%) had a positive family history, while 223 patients (89%) had a negative family history. One hundred fifty seven of patients(63%) had history of breastfeeding and( 94) of patients(37%) had no history of breastfeeding . One hundred forty six patients (58%) had positive history of oral contraceptive pill while 105 patients (42%) had negative history of oral contraceptive pill. twenty two patients (9%) had positive history of smoking while (229) patients (91%) had negative history of smoking . The histopathological result were Invasive ductal carcinoma (I.D.C) in (233) patients (93%) and Invasive lobular carcinoma (I.L.C) in (18) patients. Breast cancer patients were married in 73% of cases, widowed in 13.5 percent of cases, divorced in 2.5 percent of cases, and single in 11% of cases. Most cases belonged to differentiation stage II ( 159) patients (63%), followed by stage III ( 57) patients (23%) , stage I ( 13) patients (5%) and stage IV (22) patients(9%) . Conclusion: The current study concludes that In Iraq, the majority of breast cancer patients were in the second stage, and patients' ages at diagnosis were younger than in other communities. The development and execution of screening programs, as well as the management of risk factors, appear to be critical.
Background: Skin is the outermost covering of the human body that serves as a barrier from extrinsic etiological challenges including physical, chemical and biological insults. Ultraviolet (UV)-B ...(280–320 nm) is the lead environmental agent responsible for causing skin pathologies, overexposure of ultraviolet radiation, particularly UV-B radiations, due to high energy and shorter wave length which are causes for most of the pathological states of skin. Skin cancers are classified into two main categories, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM). While melanoma originates through the transformation of melanocytes, NMSC arises from other epidermal cells, mainly keratinocytes, are subdivided into basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Skin cancers are considered to be one of the most preventable malignancies. By protecting the skin and limiting the amount of unprotected exposure to UVR, skin cancer risk can be decreased. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical features of skin cancer and evaluate the harmful effects of excess UVR exposure on human skin. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional stud was conducted at the dermatology department in Baquba teaching hospital in Diyala, Iraq. A total of 100 patients were included, in the study, who attended the outpatient clinic of dermatology department of Baquba teaching hospital, from first of September 2020 to end May 2021. Results: A total of 100 patients diagnosed as skin cancer, were eligible for the study, aged between 30-80 years, The majority of them aged 41-50 years (39%), 50% of them were males and 50% were females, The majority of the patients, were laborer (31%), and 22% of them were housewives, Regarding residence, the majority of the patients (32%) lived in Kalar, and 27% resided in the Baquba, while just 3% from Mendeley, 83%percent of the patients, had white skin while just 17% of them had brown skin, and no one had black skin color, Regarding the affected site of the body, the face was the most common affected site of the body, found in (52%) of the patients. While face and neck were the most common affected site in 35% of the patients, and the least affected site was the face and hand found in 4% of the patients. Of the total patients, 99% were exposed to normal light while just 1% exposed to additional artificial light. Most of the patients (65%) said that they were exposed to the light over, all the season, while 24% of them were exposed to light just in summer, 8% and 3% of them were exposed in spring, summer and spring respectively. No one was exposed to light in autumn or winter, Just 4% of the patients had family history of skin cancer. There were 79% of the patients diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma; 14% had actinic keratosis, 5% had sun burn; and 2% had seborrheic keratosis. Regarding the patients with (BCC), most of the patients aged less than 70 years. Females were 50.6% of the patients with BCC, while males were 49.4%. The mean age of females was (53.6±12.9 years) was the same for males (53.6±11.6 years), females were affected by BCC in < 50 and ≥70 age group more than males, while males were affected more in 50-69 age group. Sixty-five percent of the patients had white skin while just 14% of them had brown skin. Regarding the affected site of the body, the face was the most common affected site of the body, found in (53.2%) of the patients, while face and neck were the most common affected site in 34.2% of the patients, and the least affected site was the face and hand found in 5.1% of the patients. Conclusion:Outdoor workers, especially those without protective measures, and in high altitude areas, are more liable to develop skin cancer especially basal cell carcinoma, so it is important to use sun-protective measures. Keywords: Photodamage, UV Rays ,Skin
Background: Skin is the outermost covering of the human body that serves as a barrier from extrinsic etiological challenges including physical, chemical and biological insults. Ultraviolet (UV)-B ...(280–320 nm) is the lead environmental agent responsible for causing skin pathologies, overexposure of ultraviolet radiation, particularly UV-B radiations, due to high energy and shorter wave length which are causes for most of the pathological states of skin. Skin cancers are classified into two main categories, non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM). While melanoma originates through the transformation of melanocytes, NMSC arises from other epidermal cells, mainly keratinocytes, are subdivided into basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Skin cancers are considered to be one of the most preventable malignancies. By protecting the skin and limiting the amount of unprotected exposure to UVR, skin cancer risk can be decreased. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical features of skin cancer and evaluate the harmful effects of excess UVR exposure on human skin. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional stud was conducted at the dermatology department in Baquba teaching hospital in Diyala, Iraq. A total of 100 patients were included, in the study, who attended the outpatient clinic of dermatology department of Baquba teaching hospital, from first of September 2020 to end May 2021. Results: A total of 100 patients diagnosed as skin cancer, were eligible for the study, aged between 30-80 years, The majority of them aged 41-50 years (39%), 50% of them were males and 50% were females, The majority of the patients, were laborer (31%), and 22% of them were housewives, Regarding residence, the majority of the patients (32%) lived in Kalar, and 27% resided in the Baquba, while just 3% from Mendeley, 83%percent of the patients, had white skin while just 17% of them had brown skin, and no one had black skin color, Regarding the affected site of the body, the face was the most common affected site of the body, found in (52%) of the patients. While face and neck were the most common affected site in 35% of the patients, and the least affected site was the face and hand found in 4% of the patients. Of the total patients, 99% were exposed to normal light while just 1% exposed to additional artificial light. Most of the patients (65%) said that they were exposed to the light over, all the season, while 24% of them were exposed to light just in summer, 8% and 3% of them were exposed in spring, summer and spring respectively. No one was exposed to light in autumn or winter, Just 4% of the patients had family history of skin cancer. There were 79% of the patients diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma; 14% had actinic keratosis, 5% had sun burn; and 2% had seborrheic keratosis. Regarding the patients with (BCC), most of the patients aged less than 70 years. Females were 50.6% of the patients with BCC, while males were 49.4%. The mean age of females was (53.6±12.9 years) was the same for males (53.6±11.6 years), females were affected by BCC in < 50 and ≥70 age group more than males, while males were affected more in 50-69 age group. Sixty-five percent of the patients had white skin while just 14% of them had brown skin. Regarding the affected site of the body, the face was the most common affected site of the body, found in (53.2%) of the patients, while face and neck were the most common affected site in 34.2% of the patients, and the least affected site was the face and hand found in 5.1% of the patients. Conclusion:Outdoor workers, especially those without protective measures, and in high altitude areas, are more liable to develop skin cancer especially basal cell carcinoma, so it is important to use sun-protective measures
Renal Failure in Diyala Province Fathalla Askar, Haneen; M Athab, Ahmed; A Shakir, Shahab ...
Diyala Journal of Medicine,
12/2019, Volume:
17, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background: Renal failure is a worldwide health problem. The incidence and prevalence of renal failure is in constant increase, involving poor outcomes and high costs. The major leading causes of ...kidney failure are type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Objective: To study the epidemiology of renal failure in diyala province. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study including a review of 284 cases of Renal Failure recorded in Ibn Sina dialysis center in Baqubah teaching hospital in Diyala province for the period from 1st January to the 31st of December of 2018. The collected data was analyzed by using computer, excel and using of SPSS-24. All the variables were analyzed by number, proportion and percentage. Results: Renal failure prevalence rate was 189.2 PMP and Incidence rate was 112.6 PMP in Diyala province. The Prevalence was in AL-Khalis city 363.15 PMP, Baqubah city 246.9 PMP, Baladroz city 190.9 PMP, AL-Muqdadia city 134.7 PMP and Khanaqin city 100.96 PMP. The mean age of renal failure in Diyala province was 52.9±15.9 yrs. Males was about 60.5% and females was 39.4%. The reasons of Renal failure ratio was diabetes about 33.4%, Hypertension about 23.6%, Unknown cause about 27.4%, Glomerilonephritis about 5.3%, Obstructive nephropathy about 3.16%, Congenital about 2.8% and others about 4.22% . The major co-morbidities in renal failure patient on Hemodialysis was anemia about 48.94%, Hypertension about 35.2%, Heart failure about 4.57%, Ischemic heart disease about 10.56% and Cerebrovascular accident about 0.7%. Withdrawal from hemodialysis program in 2018 was 47.3%. Conclusion:The incidence rate was high and the prevalence rate was low due to low survival. DOI:https://doi.org/10.26505/DJM.17024600409
Renal Failure in Diyala Province Haneen Fathalla Askar; Ahmed M Athab; Shahab A Shakir ...
Diyala Journal of Medicine,
12/2019, Volume:
17, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Background: Renal failure is a worldwide health problem. The incidence and prevalence of renal failure is in constant increase, involving poor outcomes and high costs. The major leading causes of ...kidney failure are type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Objective: To study the epidemiology of renal failure in diyala province. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study including a review of 284 cases of Renal Failure recorded in Ibn Sina dialysis center in Baqubah teaching hospital in Diyala province for the period from 1st January to the 31st of December of 2018. The collected data was analyzed by using computer, excel and using of SPSS-24. All the variables were analyzed by number, proportion and percentage. Results: Renal failure prevalence rate was 189.2 PMP and Incidence rate was 112.6 PMP in Diyala province. The Prevalence was in AL-Khalis city 363.15 PMP, Baqubah city 246.9 PMP, Baladroz city 190.9 PMP, AL-Muqdadia city 134.7 PMP and Khanaqin city 100.96 PMP. The mean age of renal failure in Diyala province was 52.9±15.9 yrs. Males was about 60.5% and females was 39.4%. The reasons of Renal failure ratio was diabetes about 33.4%, Hypertension about 23.6%, Unknown cause about 27.4%, Glomerilonephritis about 5.3%, Obstructive nephropathy about 3.16%, Congenital about 2.8% and others about 4.22% . The major co-morbidities in renal failure patient on Hemodialysis was anemia about 48.94%, Hypertension about 35.2%, Heart failure about 4.57%, Ischemic heart disease about 10.56% and Cerebrovascular accident about 0.7%. Withdrawal from hemodialysis program in 2018 was 47.3%. Conclusion:The incidence rate was high and the prevalence rate was low due to low survival. DOI:https://doi.org/10.26505/DJM.17024600409
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