To further clarify the relationship between environmental regulation and green technology innovation and discuss how environmental regulation affects green technology innovation through import trade, ...this paper analyzes the impacts of environmental regulation and import trade on green technology innovation and the transmission effect of import trade based on panel data for 30 provinces in China for 2008 to 2017. The results show that (1) environmental regulation first plays a role in promoting green technology innovation and then restrains it, and import trade can significantly promote green technology innovation; (2) under the constraints of stronger environmental regulations, import trade has a significantly positive effect on green technology innovation; and (3) environmental regulation can further enhance the technology spillover effects of import trade in regions with high absorptive capacity and regions with high levels of R&D investment. This paper analyzes the impact of environmental regulation on green technology innovation from the perspective of import trade and makes up for the deficiencies of existing research. It also lays a foundation for scholars to study the relationship between environmental regulation and green technology innovation in the midst of heterogeneous government regulation capabilities and industries in the future.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor on the surface of immune cells is an immune checkpoint molecule that mediates the immune escape of tumor cells. Consequently, antibodies targeting PD-1 ...have shown efficacy in enhancing the antitumor activity of T cells in some types of cancers. However, the potential effects of PD-1 on tumor cells remain largely unknown. Here, we show that PD-1 is expressed across a broad range of tumor cells. The silencing of PD-1 or its ligand, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), promotes cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Conversely, overexpression of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibits tumor cell proliferation and colony formation. Moreover, blocking antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 promote tumor growth in cell cultures and xenografts. Mechanistically, the coordination of PD-1 and PD-L1 activates its major downstream signaling pathways including the AKT and ERK1/2 pathways, thus enhancing tumor cell growth. This study demonstrates that PD-1/PD-L1 is a potential tumor suppressor and potentially regulates the response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatments, thus representing a potential biomarker for the optimal cancer immunotherapeutic treatment.
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BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Higher harmonic control algorithms in frequency domain are generally used for active vibration control of helicopter fuselage. However, these algorithms are inefficient to control transient vibration ...caused by rapid changing of helicopter flight conditions. Time domain feedback algorithms are efficient to control the transient vibration. In this paper, an excellent harmonic feedforward-sliding mode output feedback hybrid algorithm by combining frequency and time domain algorithms is presented to improve the effect and performance of active vibration control of helicopter fuselage, meanwhile to avoid the requirement of full state information of control system due to using the time domain algorithms. The convergence criterions of the harmonic feedforward algorithm and the hybrid algorithm are theoretically derived, respectively. The convergence speed of the hybrid algorithm is theoretically proved to be faster than that of the harmonic feedforward algorithm. Active vibration control simulation and experiment on a dynamically similar and geometrically scaled frame structure of a helicopter fuselage verify the proposed hybrid algorithm with excellent control effect and performance.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Key message
OsMYB103
positively regulates tapetum degradation, and functions downstream of TDR and upstream of EAT1 and PTC1
.
The precise regulation of programmed cell death (PCD) of the tapetum is ...crucial for the development of anthers and pollen in rice. In this study, we isolated and identified a male-sterile mutant of rice,
osmyb103
, which exhibited delayed tapetum degradation and defective mature pollen. Map-based cloning and genetic complementation revealed that
OsMYB103
corresponded to the gene
LOC_Os04g39470
and encoded a R2R3 MYB transcription factor. OsMYB103 was localized in the nucleus and was expressed preferentially in the tapetal cells and microspores of the anther. OsMYB103 regulated the expression of two transcription factors,
ETERNAL TAPETUM 1
(
EAT1
) and
PERSISTENT TAPETAL CELL 1
(
PTC1
), both of which regulated tapetum degradation positively. Moreover, the expression of
OsMYB103
was directly regulated by the additional positive regulator of tapetum degradation TAPETUM DEGENERATION RETARDATION (TDR) and was able to interact with it. Genetic evidence confirmed that OsMYB103 acted upstream of EAT1. The results show that OsMYB103 is a positive regulator of tapetum degradation in rice. These findings provide a better understanding of the regulatory network that underlies degradation of the tapetum in rice.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Phase change materials (PCMs) with high thermal storage densities and nearly isothermal process can use latent heat to store energy. However, their suboptimal leaching resistance and narrow ...temperature range hindered their development. In this work, an ingenious design of microencapsulated PCMs with core–shell structure (M-PCMs) was built by interfacial polymerization. Formaldehyde-free polyurethane was selected as the shell. Compounding poly(ethylene glycol) formed a double-component energy storage mode and acted as core. The morphology, leaching resistance, chemical structure, and thermal properties of M-PCMs were investigated. Results showed the M-PCMs were constructed with an even size distribution by the synergism of core/shell mass ratio optimization and emulsifier emulsification. The −NCO on isophorone diisocyanate reacting to diethylene triamine with −NH2 group formed a polyurethane shell through urea linkage and polymerized compounding PEG by −OH. The M-PCMs obtained high latent heats of 97.19 and 98.58 J·g–1 which were regulated by two peak temperatures at 28.02 and 36.24 °C as well as 23.12 and 32.88 °C during the energy storage/release stage, respectively. The undercooling was reduced by the energy compensation of temperature levels. This research offered a novel way for ecoenvironment M-PCMs fabrication, and the obtained M-PCMs are promising for energy storage temperature extension and indoor comfort improvement.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth most important food crop in the world and plays an important role in food security. Drought stress has a significantly negative impact on potato growth and ...production. There are several publications involved drought stress in potato, this research contributes to enrich the knowledge. In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology were used to study the transcription profiles in potato in response to 20%PEG6000 simulates drought stress. The leaves of the variety "Désirée" from in vitro plantlets after drought stress at six time points from 0 to 48 hours were used to perform NGS and SMRT sequencing. According to the sequencing data, a total of 12,798 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in six time points. The real-time (RT)-PCR results are significantly correlated with the sequencing data, confirming the accuracy of the sequencing data. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis show that these DEGs participate in response to drought stress through galactose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, plant-pathogen interaction, glutathione metabolism and other pathways. Through the analysis of alternative splicing of 66,888 transcripts, the functional pathways of these transcripts were enriched, and 51,098 transcripts were newly discovered from alternative splicing events and 47,994 transcripts were functionally annotated. Moreover, 3445 lncRNAs were predicted and enrichment analysis of corresponding target genes was also performed. Additionally, Alternative polyadenylation was analyzed by TADIS, and 26,153 poly (A) sites from 13,010 genes were detected in the Iso-Seq data. Our research greatly enhanced potato drought-induced gene annotations and provides transcriptome-wide insights into the molecular basis of potato drought resistance.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Potato (
Solanum tuberosum
L.) is one of the most important tuber food crops in the world; however, the cultivated potatoes are susceptible to high temperature, by which potato production is ...adversely affected. Understanding the coping mechanism of potato to heat stress is essential to secure yield and expand adaptability under environmental conditions with rising temperature. However, the lack of heat-related information has significantly limited the identification and application of core genes. To gain deeper insights into heat tolerance genes, next-generation sequencing and single-molecule real-time sequencing were used to learn the transcriptional response of potato to heat stress and 13,159 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in this study. All DEGs were grouped into 12 clusters using the K-means clustering algorithm. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that they were involved in temperature signaling, phytohormone, and protein modification. Among them, there were 950 differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs). According to the network analysis of DETFs at the sixth hour under heat stress, we found some genes that were previously reported to be associated with photoperiodic tuberization,
StCO
(
CONSTANS
), tuber formation,
StBEL11
(
BEL1-LIKE 11
), and earliness in potato,
StCDF1
(
CYCLING DOF FACTOR 1
) responding to temperature. Furthermore, we verified the relative expression levels using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the results were consistent with the inferences from transcriptomes. In addition, there were 22,125 alternative splicing events and 2,048 long non-coding RNAs. The database and network established in this study will extend our understanding of potato response to heat stress. It ultimately provided valuable resources for molecular analysis of heat stress response in potato and cultivation of potato varieties with heat tolerance.
Purpose/Significance The research aims to systematically identify the current main research topics, future development trends and existing problems in the field of digital publishing of academic ...journals, accelerate the digital transformation and build a healthy system of digital publishing of academic journals. Method/Process Based on the visualization analysis with CiteSpace, this paper studied 367 papers related to the digital publishing of academic journals published from 2007 to 2019 in the Chinese Academic journals (CNKI), and drew the knowledge map of key words, authors and author institutions. Results/Conclusions It is found that 2015 is the threshold for the research on digital publishing of academic journals, the number of studies showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Many authors engaged in relevant research, and a core network has been formed. However, the relationship between the relevant institutions is poor and the cooperation needs to be further strengthened. Focused o
Caveolin-3 (CAV3) protein is known to be expressed specifically in various myocytes, but its physiological function remains unclear. CAV3, located at the cell membrane, may promote the sensitivity of ...the Akt signaling pathway, which is closely related to glucose metabolism and to cell growth and proliferation.
The CAV3 gene was stably transfected into C2C12 muscle cells, and the effects were evaluated by biochemical assays, WB and confocal microscopy for the observation of cellular glucose metabolism, growth and proliferation, and the effect of CAV3 on the Akt signaling pathway with no insulin stimulation.
After C2C12 cells were transfected with the mouse CAV3 gene, which increased CAV3 expression, the abundance of the CAV3 and GLUT4 proteins on the cell membrane increased, but the total GLUT4 protein content of the cell was unchanged. Glucose uptake was increased, and this did not affect the glycogen synthesis, but the cell surface area and cell proliferation increased. While there were significant increases in p-Akt and p-p70s6K, which is a downstream component of Akt signaling, the level of GSK3β protein, another component of Akt signaling did not change.
The muscle, CAV3 protein can activate Akt signaling, increase GLUT4 protein localization in the cell membrane, increase glucose uptake, and promote myocyte growth and proliferation. CAV3 protein has a physiological role in glycometabolism, growth and proliferation, independent of insulin stimulation.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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