The influence of repeated freeze–thaw (F-T) treatments (0, 1, 3 and 5) on the functional and structural properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) from mirror carp (
Cyprinus carpio L.
) was ...investigated according to the changes in rheological properties, particle distribution, Zeta (ζ)-potential, molecular force, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and sulfhydryl content. After F-T treatment with five cycles, a significant decrease in the storage modulus values (
G'
), loss modulus values (
G"
), ζ- potential, total sulfhydryl content and reactive sulfhydryl content of MP was observed (
P
< 0.05). The particle size increased within the third F-T cycles, but it decreased in the fifth F-T treatments (
P
< 0.05). The hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds of protein were broken during multiple F-T treatments. In addition, as the F-T cycles increased, the α-helix and β-turn contents decreased (
P
< 0.05), and the β-sheet and random coil content increased (
P
< 0.05). Therefore, repeated F-T treatments damaged the structure of MP and reduced the functional properties of MP from mirror carp.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as potential biological targets for early screening, targeted therapy, and prognosis in ovarian cancer (OC). However, sensitive and reliable quantification and ...identification of miRNA remain a huge challenge. Herein, we proposed a simple and reliable approach for the ultra-sensitive detection of miRNA by integrating endonuclease-III (Exo-III) assisted signal recycle, primer exchange reaction (PER), and hairpin catalytic reaction (HCR). In this method, target miRNA specifically binds with toehold sequence to form a blunt 3’ terminus in the detection probe (dumbbell probe) that can be recognized by Exo-III, and to initiate subsequent signal amplifications. Based on this, the approach is successfully utilized in detecting OC related miRNAs with high sensitivity (limit of detection for miRNA-211 was 13 aM) and stability. By simply changing the toehold sequence in detection probe, the established approach can be easily extended to other miRNA detection. We believe that the platform is robust in detecting OS related biomarkers and is promising in renovating cancer diagnostic tools.
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•We proposed a modularized platform for the ultra-sensitive detection of miRNA.•The platform is composed of two module, including a sensing module and a signal amplification module.•The platform was successfully utilized in detecting miRNA-211 with high sensitivity.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been regarded as potential biomarkers in evaluating various diseases, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension and cancers. However, sensitive and reliable miRNA detection is ...still a challenge due to the low amplification efficiency and high background signal. Herein, we developed a colorimetric method for miRNA detection utilizing the self-priming-initiated color reaction loaded on a rolling circle amplification (RCA) product. In this method, a biotin-labeled RCA product is fixed on the surface of the streptavidin-coated wells, and the interfering components in samples are removed to avoid false reactions, thus reducing the background signals. Two signal amplification processes, including RCA and self-priming-initiated chain extension, endow the method with high sensitivity and a low limit of detection at the 10 fM level. In conclusion, our approach offers a promising perspective on sensitive and reliable miRNA detection and has the potential to be further utilized in biomedical research and early cancer detection.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Acrylamide (AA), a common carcinogen, has been found in many dietary products.. This study aimed to explore the interaction of soybean protein isolate (SPI) with AA and further research the different ...effects of SPI on the AA release due to interactions in the in vitro digestion model. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results suggested that AA could bind with SPI in vitro, leading to the variation in SPI structure. The intrinsic fluorescence of SPI was quenched by AA via static quenching. The non-covalent (van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding) and covalent bonds were the main interaction forces between SPI and AA. Furthermore, the release of AA significantly decreased due to its interaction with SPI under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. SPI had different effects on the AA release rate after different treatments. The thermal (80, 85, 90, and 95 °C for either 10 or 20 min) and ultrasound (200, 300, and 400 W for either 15, 30, or 60 min) treatments of SPI were useful in reducing the release of AA. However, the high pressure-homogenized (30, 60, 90, and 120 MPa once, twice, or thrice) treatments of SPI were unfavorable for reducing the release of AA.
Acrylamide (AA), which is mainly found in fried foods, causes neurotoxicity, genetic toxicity, carcinogenic effects, and DNA damage. This study confirms that a strain of lactic acid bacteria (
...Lactobacillus plantarum
ATCC8014) could alleviate the toxicity of rats by inhibiting the AA-induced oxidative damage. Forty-eight adult male SD rats were randomly divided into eight groups: control group, AA group (40 mg/kg), three different doses (1 × 10
7
CFU/ml, 1 × 10
8
CFU/ml, 1 × 10
9
CFU/ml of
Lactobacillus plantarum
ATCC8014) of prevention groups and therapeutic groups, respectively. At the end of three-week experiment, AA treatment produced a significant reduction in the rate of weight gain along with the symptoms of hind limb splay and ataxia. Histological examinations revealed various degrees of injury in five tissues. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in group AA rats were significantly decreased, but the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Both prevention and therapeutic groups with 1 × 10
9
CFU/ml of
Lactobacillus plantarum
ATCC8014 could effectively reduce the injury of AA to the body. However, reductions in both groups were not statistically significant.
The influence of the degree of hydrolysis (DH) on the structure, solubility and emulsifying properties of rice bran protein (RBP) was investigated. Sodium dodecyl sulfide polyacrylamide gel ...electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), intrinsic fluorescence, surface hydrophobicity and circular dichroism (CD) techniques were used for the analysis of the structural characteristics. Hydrolysis can change the molecular weight of the protein, increase its flexibility and fluidity, change its surface hydrophobicity, and increase its solubility. Oil-in-water emulsions were prepared from rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBPH) with different DH values (1%, 3%, and 6%). The stabilities of the RBPH-stabilized emulsions were investigated under the following environmental pressures: pH (3–9), ionic strength (0–300 mM NaCl) and thermal treatment (30–90 °C, 30 min). Particle size and surface charge (ζ-potential) were measured as an indication of the emulsion stability. Emulsions prepared with 3% DH RBP were much more stable than the emulsions prepared with RBPH with other DH values, and this RBP has potential as an emulsifier in the food industry.
•Limited hydrolysis of rice bran protein to enhance its emulsification.•The structure of proteins and hydrolysates were investigated.•Emulsions prepared with 3% DH rice bran protein were more stable.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBPH) pretreated with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) covalently interacted with ferulic acid (FA) (0.5 to 2.5 mg/mL) under alkaline conditions. The structural and ...functional properties of the conjugates were investigated. The results revealed that the FA binding equivalent on RBPH increased from 6.03 to 207.64 nmol/mg. FTIR spectral analysis indicated that the content of α-helix increased, whereas the contents of β-sheet, β-turn, and random coil decreased. The surface hydrophobicity (H 0) of RBPH increased, the fluorescence intensity decreased, and the tertiary structure changed because of covalent interactions between RBPH and FA. The emulsifying activity index of RBPH–FA (1.5 mg/mL) was 35.10% higher than that of the control, whereas FA concentrations higher than 1.5 mg/mL had a negative effect on emulsifying properties. RBPH–FA (2.5 mg/mL) exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. This study provides a new reference for the application of RBPH–FA conjugates in food processing.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
This study aimed to examine the effects of gelation on the stability and functionality of soybean lipophilic protein (LP)-stabilized W/O/W emulsions by gelating the internal and external aqueous ...phases separately. Xanthan gum, gum arabic, methylcellulose, and pectin were used to gel the internal/external aqueous phase of W/O/W emulsions. The measurements of particle size, zeta potential, emulsifying properties, interfacial tension, microstructure, physicochemical stability, and digestion characteristics revealed that the internal/external aqueous-phase gelation effectively reduced the interfacial tension of emulsions, the external aqueous-phase gelation improved the interfacial protein adsorption rate of emulsion (more than 78%), and the internal aqueous-phase gelation improved the encapsulation efficiency of emulsion (more than 90%) and internal aqueous-phase retention (more than 85%). Meanwhile, both gelation treatments improved the digestion performance of emulsions, achieved the sustained release of entrapped materials, and improved their bioavailability. Briefly, the internal/external aqueous-phase gelation enhances W/O/W emulsion stability. This study enriched the means to improve the stability of W/O/W emulsions, which benefited the application and innovation of W/O/W emulsions in food processing.
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•Gelation treatment improved the W/O/W emulsions physicochemical properties.•Gelation of the different phases of the emulsions formed dense network structure.•External aqueous phase gelation emulsions showed better interfacial properties.•Gelation treatment improves the digestion characteristics of W/O/W emulsions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The most common type of fermentation that can change the physicochemical properties and biological activity of polysaccharide is caused by lactic acid bacteria. In this paper, the structures of ...Lactobacillus gasseri JM1 degraded and undegraded Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides (FHEP and HEP) were characterized, and the biological activities of the polysaccharides were determined. The result showed that polysaccharide molecular weight and monosaccharide composition changes due to fermentation degradation. FHEP had a molecular weight of 3.5 × 104 Da, which was lesser than the molecular weight of HEP (7.5 × 107 Da). HEP was composed of nine types of monosaccharides, while FHEP contained six types of monosaccharides. The results of methylation and NMR analysis results showed that after the structural link of HEP was degraded, it became FHEP, which has a branched structure. In vitro antioxidant activities and three enzyme-inhibitory activities found that FHEP had significantly higher activity than HEP (P < 0.05), indicating that the degraded polysaccharides have better biological activity.
•Fermentation caused degradation of polysaccharides in Hericium erinaceus.•Fermentation affected the monosaccharide composition and Mw of polysaccharide.•HEP has a straight chain structure and FHEP contains side chains.•Fermentation enhances the biological activity of polysaccharides.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Abstract The role of in vivo -induced ApxIV toxin of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in protective immunity was evaluated in pigs by administering it alone or added to a multicomponent recombinant ...subunit vaccine composed of recombinant ApxI, ApxII, ApxIII toxin, and 42-kDa outer membrane protein (OMP). The pigs were immunized with vaccine I (rApxIVN), vaccine II (rApxI + rApxII + rApxIII + rApxIVN + rOMP), vaccine III (rApxI + rApxII + rApxIII + rOMP), or placebo (phosphate-buffered saline + adjuvant). A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1 field isolate JMS 06 and serovar 2 field strain FX 01 were used as the challenge strains. Pigs that were immunized with vaccine I or vaccine II all developed high antibody titers against rApxIVN. The antibody titers against rApxI, rApxII, rApxIII, and rOMP in pigs immunized with vaccine II were higher than those in pigs vaccinated with vaccine III. Following the challenge, the pigs immunized with rApxIVN alone showed similar results to the pigs in the control group, such as severe respiratory symptoms and severe lung lesions. Pigs that had been immunized with vaccine II or vaccine III were protected against challenge with A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1 and serovar 2. The pigs immunized with vaccine II had slighter lung lesions and fewer bacterial recovery than those of pigs immunized with vaccine III. These results indicate that rApxIVN contributes to the production of high level of antibodies directed against the vaccination antigens, and thus confers strong protection against challenges with different serovars of A. pleuropneumoniae.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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