Background
Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common disease of urology, of which the pathogenesis and therapy remain to be further elucidated. Quercetin has been ...reported to improve the symptoms of CP/CPPS patients. We aimed to verify the therapeutic effect of quercetin on CP/CPPS and identify the mechanism responsible for it.
Methods
A novel CP/CPPS model induced with Complete Freund Adjuvant in Sprague Dawley rats was established and the prostates and blood specimens were harvested for further measurement after oral administration of quercetin for 4 weeks.
Results
Increased prostate index and infiltration of lymphocytes, up‐regulated expression of IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐17A, MCP1, and TNFα, decreased T‐SOD, CAT, GSH‐PX, and increased MDA, enhanced phosphorylation of NF‐κB, P38, ERK1/2, and SAPK/JNK were detected in CP/CPPS rat model. Quercetin was identified to ameliorate the histo‐pathologic changes, decrease the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐17A, MCP1, and TNFα, improve anti‐oxidant capacity, and suppress the phosphorylation of NF‐κB and MAPKs.
Conclusions
Quercetin has specific protective effect on CP/CPPS, which is mediated by anti‐inflammation, anti‐oxidation, and at least partly through NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Several studies have indicated the involvement of DLX1 in the progression of prostate cancer. However, the functions of DLX1 in the prostate cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism remains ...largely unknown. In this study, we have shown that DLX1 was up-regulated in the prostate clinical samples. DLX1 promoted the growth, migration and colony formation of prostate cancer cells by activating beta-catenin/TCF signaling. DLX1 interacted with beta-catenin and enhanced the interaction between beta-catenin and TCF4. Taken together, this study demonstrated that DLX1 exerted the oncogenic roles on the prostate cancer by activating beta-catenin/TCF signaling.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Using a rat model of hyperinsulinemia, the present study investigated the role of p-ERK1/2 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly selected and assigned to ...four groups: high fat diet (HFD)+BPH (n=10), HFD (n=10), BPH (n=10), and control (n=10) groups. Hyperinsulinemia was induced by HFD feeding, while BPH was induced using testosterone propionate. Plasma glucose, plasma insulin and bodyweight were examined weekly. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis were used to analyze the expression of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in rat prostates.
Plasma glucose and plasma insulin levels were significantly greater in the HFD+BPH and HFD groups, when compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Prostate weights were significantly greater in the HFD+BPH, HFD and BPH groups, than in the control group (P<0.05). IHC and western blot analysis revealed that p-ERK1/2 expression was greater in the HFD+BPH group than in the other three groups (P<0.05).
Androgens plus a hyperinsulinemic condition induced by HFD can result in prostatic cell hyperplasia, and this mechanism may be correlated to the upregulation of p-ERK1/2. Further investigations of this possibility are required.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective This study assessed the characteristics of pathogens identified in clinical isolates from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) and their in vitro sensitivity to commonly used ...antibiotics in the clinical setting in China. Design and setting Multicenter study was conducted between January and December 2011 in 12 hospitals in China. Participants Urine samples were collected from 356 symptomatic patients treated in the study hospitals for acute uncomplicated cystitis, recurrent UTI or complicated UTI. Primary and secondary outcome measures Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were measured using broth microdilution according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2011 guidelines. Thirteen antimicrobial agents were tested: fosfomycin tromethamine, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, cefdinir, cefixime, cefaclor, cefprozil, cefuroxime, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, azithromycin, nitrofurantoin and oxacillin. Escherichia coli isolates were screened and extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) production was confirmed by a double-disk synergy test. Results 198 urine samples were culture-positive and 175 isolates were included in the final analysis. E coli was detected in 50% of cultures, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (9%), Enterococcus faecalis (9%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%). The detection rate of ESBL-producing E coli was 53%. Resistance to levofloxacin was the most common among all the isolates. Nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin tromethamine had the greatest activity against E coli; overall, 92% and 91% of isolates were susceptible to these antimicrobials. E faecalis had the highest susceptibility rates to fosfomycin tromethamine (100%). Conclusions The most frequently identified pathogens in our patients were ESBL-producing E coli and E faecalis. Fosfomycin tromethamine and nitrofurantoin showed a good antimicrobial activity against UTI pathogens. They may represent good options for the empiric treatment of patients with UTI.
Objective To evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy and safety of three doses of 3 g fosfomycin tromethamine administered orally to treat lower urinary tract infections. Design and ...participants This prospective, uncontrolled, open-label study was conducted in 12 medical centres in China, between January and December 2011. According to the diagnosis criteria of Chinese Guidelines on Urological Infections, patients (18–70 years) with acute uncomplicated cystitis, recurrent lower urinary tract infection or complicated lower urinary tract infection received three doses of 3 g fosfomycin tromethamine orally, at days 1, 3 and 5. Primary and secondary outcome measures Efficacy endpoints (clinical efficacy, microbiological efficacy and overall efficacy) were evaluated on day 15. Clinical symptoms, physical signs, urinalysis, liver and kidney function, patient records and evaluation of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs up to day 15 were evaluated for analysis of safety. Results 361 patients were included in the full analysis set, 356 in the safety analysis set and 335 in the per-protocol set (PPS). In the PPS, the clinical efficacy rates at day 15 for acute uncomplicated cystitis, recurrent lower urinary tract infection and complicated lower urinary tract infection were 94.71% (179/189), 77.22% (61/79) and 62.69% (42/67), respectively. The microbiological efficacy rates (day 15) were 97.65% (83/85), 94.44% (34/36) and 83.87% (26/31), respectively. The overall efficacy rates (day 15) were 95.29% (81/85), 77.78% (28/36) and 64.52% (20/31), respectively. 20/356 (5.6%) patients reported drug-related AEs, the most common being diarrhoea. No serious drug-related AEs were reported. Conclusions This fosfomycin tromethamine dosing regimen showed clinical and microbiological efficacy with some AEs and good tolerability in patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis, recurrent lower urinary tract infection and complicated lower urinary tract infection.
To observe the clinical effect of combined application of Compound Amino Acid Capsule (8-11) (CAAC8-11) and L-carnitine (LC) in the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia (IAS), and to explore its ...possible therapeutic mechanism.
Based on the principle of double-blind and control, we selected 120 cases of IAS meeting the diagnostic criteria of asthenospermia in the WHO Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th Ed) and randomly divided them into three groups of an equal number: CAAC8-11 + LC, LC control and blank control, the former given CAAC8-11 in addition to LC oral liquid, and the latter two given LC oral liquid and life intervention, respectively, all for 12 weeks. We collected semen samples from all the patients before and after treatment, and examined perm motility, the contents of neutral α- glucosidase (NAG) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), and the expression of the Nrf2 protein.
Compared with the baseline, the total sperm motility was signifi
To explore the effective therapy of female overactive bladder unresponsive to behavior training.
A total of 67 patients with female overactive bladder unresponsive to behavior training were enrolled ...from January 2012 to January 2013 at Liaocheng Second People's Hospital. They were randomized into trial and control groups (Iand II). Their mean age was 39.8 (19-57) years. And the mean disease course was 3.8 (1-16) years. The trial group (n = 24) received oral formulations of solifenacin succinate (5 mg, once a day)and naftopidil (25 mg, every evening). The control group I (n = 22) had only solifenacin succinate and the control group II (n = 21) only naftopidil. The treatment lasted for 4 weeks. The time of urination per day, average amount of mona-urination and maximum amount of mona-urination were observed. The changes of all parameters before and after treatment were assessed. And statistic analysis was performed.
The urinary urgency score of the trial, control group I and control II groups were 0.8 ± 0.1, 1.
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains one of the most common cancer types globally, and while it has been extensively studied, the molecular basis for its pathology remains incompletely ...understood. Herein, we profiled three previously published datasets (GSE66272, GSE100666, and GSE105261) in a single integrated analysis aimed at identifying disease-associated patterns of gene expression that may offer mechanistic insight into the drivers of this disease. We pooled expression data from 39 normal kidney samples and 39 kidney tumors, leading us to identify 310 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were linked to kidney cancer in all three analyzed datasets. Of these genes, 133 and 177 were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in cancer samples. We then incorporated these DEGs into a protein-protein interaction network with the STRING and Cytoscape tools, and we were able to identify signaling pathways significantly enriched for these DEGs. The relationship between DEG expression and ccRCC patient survival was further evaluated using a Kaplan-Meier approach, leading us to identify
as an independent prognostic factor in ccRCC patients. When
expression was disrupted in ccRCC cell lines, this impaired their migratory and invasive capabilities. In summary, we employed an integrative bioinformatics approach to identify ccRCC-related DEGs and associated signaling pathways. Together these findings offer novel insight into the mechanistic basis for ccRCC, potentially helping to identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of this deadly disease.
MicroRNA-222 (miR-222) has been shown to play a potential oncogenic role in bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-222 in bladder cancer and its potential ...relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival.
Surgical specimens of cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue were obtained from 97 patients with bladder cancer. The relative expression levels of miR-222 in the cancer and the normal adjacent tissue were measured by quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR. We analyzed their correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognostic value.
The expression level of miR-222 was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in corresponding non-cancerous tissues (5.46 ± 1.45 versus 1.92 ± 0.65, P < 0.0001), and a high expression of miR-222 was found to be significantly associated with tumor grade (P = 0.003) and tumor stage (P = 0.005). The miR-222 expression level was classified as high or low in relation to the median value (cutoff value = 5.15). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with higher levels of miR-222 had significantly poorer survival than those with lower expression of this miRNA in patients, with a 5-year overall survival of 29.53% and 52.75%, respectively (P = 0.0034). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, which included miR-222 level, tumor grade, tumor stage, and tumor number, high miR-222 expression was independently associated with poor survival (P < 0.001; hazard ratio 6.17; 95% CI 2.33 to 10.39).
miR-222 overexpression is involved in the poor prognosis of bladder cancer and can be used as a biomarker for selection of cases requiring special attention.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
